Max Ingrand

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Maurice Ernest Ingrand (born December 20, 1908 in Bressuire , Deux-Sèvres department , † August 25, 1969 in Paris ) was a French glass painter and designer . He created church windows and designed furniture, windows and glass engravings for private houses, office buildings, theaters and restaurants. He worked for the Compagnie Générale Transatlantique , for whose cruise ships he designed interior decorations.

Life

Max Ingrand was born in Bressuire in the Deux-Sèvres department in 1908. He was the eldest of three children of an employee of the French railway company. When the father was transferred to the Eure-et-Loir department , the family settled in Chartres . It was there that Max Ingrand discovered the windows of Notre-Dame Cathedral , which aroused his enthusiasm for stained glass.

In 1925 Max Ingrand enrolled at the École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs de Paris (University of Applied Arts ) in Paris and moved into a room in the 18th arrondissement at 19 rue Beliard. In addition to his studies, he worked as a delivery agent for the Parisian department store La Samaritaine . In 1927 he joined the workshop of Jacques Grüber (1870–1936) as a glass painter , a student of Gustave Moreau and co-founder of the École de Nancy . During this time Max Ingrand experimented with etching glass with hydrofluoric acid and the sandblasting technique . In 1928 he is said to have attended courses with the architect Charles Lemaresquier . However, his name is not recorded in the registration registers.

In 1931 he married Paulette Rouquié (1910–1997), who graduated from the École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs de Paris in 1930 and with whom Max Ingrand had already carried out various projects. They settled at number 3 rue de la Cité Universitaire, in an artist and craft district in the 14th arrondissement . In the same year, Max Ingrand and the two glass painters Émile Schwartz and Paul Demane founded the Studium company , which specialized in the production of artistically designed glass windows and glass engravings and whose workshop was located in the Rue de l'Amiral-Mouchez. Max Ingrand and his wife dedicated themselves to glass engraving and signed their work Paule et Max Ingrand . They exhibited their work for the first time at the 21st Salon des Artistes Décorateurs (arts and crafts fair ) in 1931. The exhibition was followed by an order for a glass engraving for the mayor's office in Puteaux town hall .

After the termination of their studies , Max Ingrand and Émile Schwartz founded a new company, whose workshop they set up in Passage Tenaille No. 8, near the Montparnasse cemetery . Even after separating from his partner in 1935, Max Ingrand kept this workshop, in which he worked until his death in 1969.

Max Ingrand's first glass windows were smaller orders for secular buildings . He made his first stained glass window for the Sainte-Agnès church in Maisons-Alfort , which was built in the 1930s by the architects Marc Brillaud de Laujardière and Raymond Puthomme as part of the church building campaign of Cardinal Jean Verdier (1864-1940) .

In 1937 Max Ingrand took part in the design of stained glass windows for Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. Despite violent protests, the windows were installed. To protect it from war damage, it was rebuilt a year later - like the other windows in Notre-Dame. However, they were not used again after the Second World War .

In 1939 Max Ingrand was called up for military service. In May 1940 he was taken prisoner near Hoyerswerda , from which he did not return until 1945. After separating from Paule, he married Marie-Alberte Madre-Rey in 1946, with whom he had two children, Sylvie and Pascal.

From 1954 to 1967 Max Ingrand was artistic director of Fontana Arte , a company founded by the architect Gio Ponti in Milan in 1932 , which specialized in the manufacture of high-quality glass products such as lights, furniture and accessories made of glass. Fontana Arte was a subsidiary of Luigi Fontana, with whom Max Ingrand had already worked on the production of glass windows. From 1967 Gio Ponti took over the management of Fontana Arte again.

In 1967 Max Ingrand was elected Vice-President of the Association Française de l'Éclairage , and in 1968 he became its President. In the same year, Max Ingrand - with the Compagnie de Saint-Gobain and the Compagnie des Lampes Mazda as partners - founded the Verre Lumière company , for which he opened a gallery on the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré / corner of Boulevard Haussmann. Verre Lumière was one of the first manufacturers of halogen lights . After Max Ingrand's death, the company was taken over by Mazda , which it continued until 1990.

In 1969 Max Ingrand died at the Hôpital américain de Paris in Neuilly-sur-Seine of complications from flu. He was buried in the Martel cemetery near the Grande Roque Castle, his last residence.

Works (selection)

literature

Web links

Commons : Max Ingrand  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Interview by Sebastian Redecke with Monika Neuner: A very fine representation of the Milky Way . In: bauwelt 21/2011, May 27, 2011/102. Volume, p. 42f.
  2. ^ Fabien Baumann, Claude Muller: Notre-Dame de Strasbourg. You génie humain à l'éclat divin . Éditions du Signe, Strasbourg 2014, pp. 126/127
  3. ↑ Information on the panel on the church windows placed in the church
  4. ^ Siegfried Fliedner, Werner Kloos: Bremen churches . Heye & Co., Bremen 1961
personal data
SURNAME Ingrand, Max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ingrand, Maurice Ernest
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French glass painter and designer
DATE OF BIRTH December 20, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Bressuire , Deux-Sèvres department
DATE OF DEATH August 25, 1969
Place of death Paris