Minergie

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The colored logo of the word / figurative mark as it is not registered

MINERGIE is a protected brand for sustainable building. It belongs to the Minergie association based in Bern . The association operates the certification and marketing of this label. The national trademark rights extend to Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Germany and Japan and are registered with the DPMA . The international registration as an IR trademark also extends to the above-mentioned countries and is registered with WIPO .

Minergie is the highest energy standard in Switzerland for low-energy houses . The successor Minergie-P is similar to the passive house standard in Germany (see Passive Houses ). The requirements are defined differently for twelve building categories ( MFH , EFH , administration, schools, sales, restaurants, meeting rooms, hospitals, industry, warehouses, sports buildings, indoor swimming pools). The requirements for the renovation of old buildings and for new buildings are just as different .

Around 13% of new buildings and 2% of renovations in Switzerland are currently certified according to Minergie. Most of them are residential buildings; in the other categories, in some cases there is not yet a single building. The aim of the national energy program Energie Schweiz is a market share of 20% of new buildings by 2010 and 5–10% of renovations.

The Minergie standard is roughly comparable to the German standards KfW40 (new buildings) and KfW60 (renovations).

Minergie, as well as Minergie-P, can also be certified as Minergie-ECO or Minergie-P-ECO if additional criteria relating to "healthy" living, resource consumption during construction and other ecological criteria are met become.

Since 2011, buildings can also be certified with the new Minergie-A (and A-ECO). This corresponds to a net zero or net plus energy house .

history

The Bülachhof student housing estate in Zurich is a large new Minergie building

The idea was created by Heinz Uebersax and Ruedi Kriesi in 1994 and in the same year the first two Minergie houses in Kölliken, Switzerland were realized. The basis for this was the building and operating experience with the zero-heating energy estate in Wädenswil, which was built between 1988 and 1990 by the energy engineer Ruedi Kriesi and the architect Ruedi Fraefel. The brand was then privately owned by Heinz Uebersax until it was taken over by the cantons of Zurich and Bern in 1997. During these years Kriesi's vision and technical concepts and Uebersax's marketing concept and business model condensed into the current operating concept of Minergie, with Kriesi as head of the Zurich energy department as the first implementer until the Swiss association was founded in 1998. Since then, Franz Beyeler has been the first managing director. The canton of Bern, represented by Ruedi Meier , played a pioneering role as co-initiator, communicator and organizer of the construction and Minergie trade fair. The association is also open to natural and legal persons. The first product was Minergie as a low energy standard. Minergie-P was developed at the end of 2001. The brands and their standards are dynamic in nature and further products and standards have been developed and can be expected. These efforts will continue. In mid-2007 there were over 6,700 certified Minergie and since 2009 almost 130 Minergie-P properties within the scope of the brands.

Building standards and additional products

Today there are various building standards and additional products for Minergie certification

  • Minergie for different building categories: z. B. for new residential buildings 55 kWh / (m²a) (weighted final energy) including space heating, hot water, electrical ventilation
  • Minergie P for different building categories: z. B. for new residential buildings 30 kWh / (m²a)
  • Minergie A: heat consumption zero or less than zero (energy contributions from biomass permitted)
  • Minergie ECO: can be combined as an additional product with any Minergie building standard and contains additional requirements in terms of health (daylight, pollution, low noise and radiation levels) and ecology (readily available raw materials, low environmental pollution during manufacture, dismantling).

Certification

The Migros headquarters in Zurich has been refurbished according to Minergie

Certification according to Minergie is based on the examination of planning values, so there is no guarantee that the certified values ​​will actually be adhered to. Investigations by the University of Technology, Economics and Social Work St. Gallen show, however, that the values ​​for refurbished residential buildings and newly built single-family homes are undercut on average, and the standards are only slightly exceeded in practice for newly built residential buildings.

Minergie tries to achieve energy standards primarily with a compact, well-insulated and airtight building envelope, supplemented by automatic ventilation with heat recovery.

The certification of a property is subject to a fee, for example for a normal single-family house smaller than 500 m² the fees are currently CHF 900.

There are two ways of certification: the system verification and the standard solution.

System verification

For all building categories with the exception of the newly built single-family homes, evidence of the expected energy demand per area must be provided. The energy requirement for new single and multi-family houses must not exceed 38  kWh / (m² a ). A limit of 60 kWh / (m²a) applies to renovations. Fossil energy is essentially referred to as energy. The hot water is included in the limit for the sake of simplicity. If the house is heated exclusively by solar energy , primary energy consumption is irrelevant. For buildings over 800  m above sea level M. increase the limit values.

Depending on the building category, various additional requirements apply in addition to energy consumption. A ventilation system with heat recovery is mandatory for single-family homes, apartment buildings, restaurants and indoor swimming pools. This is to ensure that mini-energy buildings are not only perceived as energy-saving, but also as comfortable for the residents. In the case of administration, training and sales buildings, energy-efficient lighting in accordance with SIA 387/4 is also required.

Standard solution

One of five standard solutions can be selected for the easier verification of newly built single-family homes. The following standard solutions are available:

  1. Heating and hot water preparation all year round with heat pump heating based on brine
  2. Wood heating with hot water preparation via solar panels
  3. Automatic wood heating such as pellet heating , hot water preparation also via the heater
  4. Use of district heating from waste heat
  5. Heat pump heating with air for space heating and hot water

Furthermore, when choosing standard solutions, insulation values ​​must be adhered to, for walls 0.2 W / (m²K) new since 2010: 0.15, for windows 1.3 W / (m²K) new since 2010: 1.0. In addition, a ventilation system with heat recovery is required.

Appreciation

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The label created clear standards for the layperson in the area of ​​building heating energy consumption. In addition to the ecological effect, the prescribed insulation leads to higher surface temperatures and, together with the improved tightness and comfort ventilation, to a more pleasant feeling of comfort and better protection against external noise and moisture damage. Reliable protection against mold contains an important health aspect. The energy savings are considerable, as a Minergie house only requires around a third of the average building. Right from the start, the standard was designed as a rolling, pragmatic, state-of-the-art instrument with a broad impact. As early as 1997, Kriesi and Uebersax defined a lowering path, on which Minergie-P was positioned in accordance with the state of the art in 2001. In 2005, the standard of the eco-bau association was adapted to the needs of Minergie to the Minergie-Eco standard, which took account of the concern expressed in the basic standard to address ecological aspects.

criticism

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Various criticisms are made of the standard:

  • In order to minimize heat loss through ventilation, Minergie stipulates automated ventilation with heat recovery. The ventilation installation required for this requires maintenance work such as regularly changing the air filter and cleaning the ventilation pipes.
  • The label primarily serves as a sales argument for non-professionals when buying a new product, i.e. H. The advertisement should draw attention to the building's low energy consumption and good construction quality. Of course, there are also buildings that do not bear the label and still meet the criteria, because the owner / broker can also prove the energy consumption with the technical information (insulation thickness, heat transfer coefficient, heat recovery) or in the case of older properties with real consumption costs.
  • Minergie does not have to, but can be economical when viewed as a whole. The structural and technical measures are usually associated with higher investment costs. In contrast, the operating costs are reduced due to the low energy requirement. In the case of purely residential buildings, however, the savings do not fully outweigh the investment costs, which is why the decision in favor of such a building is not infrequently made on the basis of the increased utility and resale value (health, comfort).
  • The Minergie criterion that the additional costs compared to a "conventional comparison object" may only amount to a maximum of 10% can only be proven on request of the certification body, because they are normally well below them. In construction practice, such information is generally very imprecise, which is why it is difficult to compare the costs of Minergie and normal buildings.
  • The energy consumption per square meter says nothing about the energy consumption per person. In other words: if you live in a Minergie house, but require a large living space (i.e. heated), you do not live in a resource-saving way.

Existing objects

Every fourth new building in Switzerland now has a Minergie label. In the canton of Zurich, the Minergie standard has become so widely accepted that only the Minergie P label is promoted by the cantonal building authorities.

The best-known refurbished mini-energy buildings are:

  • Migros MGB high-rise office building
  • Former UBS high-rise office building and now the Werd municipal administration building in Zurich
  • Former Swissair administration building in Balsberg, Zurich- Kloten

The best-known Minergie new buildings are:

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Registration at the DPMA www.dpma.de, registration number 790027 - Minergie
  2. ↑ Registration at WIPO www.wipo.int, registration number 790027 - Minergie
  3. ↑ MINERGIE, in Bern, Steiner Strasse 37 3000 Bern 16, Club (new registration). www.moneyhouse.ch, accessed on April 18, 2014
  4. ↑ Swiss brand MINERGIE-P® www.swissreg.ch, accessed on April 18, 2014
  5. ↑ Minergie requirements (SIA 380/1: 2009 standard) (PDF; 39 kB) www.minergie.ch
  6. ↑ Minergie P www.minergie.ch
  7. ↑ Minergie A www.minergie.ch
  8. ↑ Minergie ECO www.minergie.ch
  9. ↑ The energy transition in Switzerland begins with building , Tages-Anzeiger, October 4, 2011 online, PDF, 1 page
  10. ↑ www.bauschweiz.ch. Retrieved January 22, 2018 (German).