Motzen (Mittenwalde)

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Moan
City of Mittenwalde
Coordinates: 52 ° 12 ′ 18 ″  N , 13 ° 34 ′ 56 ″  E
Height : 40 m
Residents : 1282  (Dec. 31, 2014)
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 15749
Area code : 033769
Listed house opposite the village church

Motzen , a Brandenburg village, is a district of the city of Mittenwalde in the district of Dahme-Spreewald in the state of Brandenburg in the Federal Republic of Germany .

geography

Motzen is located in front of the southeastern city limits of Berlin and can be reached from there via the federal motorways 113 and 13 , the third exit ( Bestensee ) after the Schönefeld motorway junction . The place is located in the Notte-Niederung nature reserve.

To the north of the town is Mittenwalde, to the west it borders on Zossen and to the east is Bestensee.

Directly southwest of the village is the Motzener See , which is named after the place and through which the border to the neighboring municipality of Zossen runs.

History and etymology

14th to 16th century

Motzen was first mentioned in 1346 as Mossen , Moßen and was owned by the Zossen rule . The name of the church village is likely to be derived from the Slavic Mocina , which means something like wetland, swamp. 1501 lived in the place 14 kötter ; there was already a mill. In 1583 a Lehnschulze appeared who farmed four hooves . There was a Kruger with four more hooves, a Lehnmüller with a wind and water mill, and eleven two-hoofed and one single-hoofed. The kötter had meanwhile no longer existed and had been upgraded to farms. The pastor was entitled to three hooves. A farmer served the chaplain in Zossen. The place was "since ancient times" 34 hooves in size. The place was upgraded with a stop for the Fahrpost on the way from Berlin to Dresden, laid out in the 16th century . Motzen was a daughter church of Zossen in 1583, as well as in 1655 and 1900.

17th century

Before the Thirty Years War in 1926 there were 14 Hufner and one miller who farmed a total of 32 Hufen. Motzen suffered considerably from the effects of the war. In 1652 only the Viceschulze and seven farmers lived in the village. However, the village recovered comparatively quickly. In 1655 the position of Schulzen was filled again, and 14 Hufner worked in Motzen. One served the archdeacon in Zossen. The Hufner owned the fishing rights on the Motzener See. There was a hereditary windmill and a water mill that belonged to the von Thümen family of Gallun and Zeesen.

18th century

Village church in Motzen

In 1711 all 14 Hufner were still occupied. There was a man, a miller, a shepherd and a servant. For each of the 32 hooves they had to pay eight groschen taxes. In 1745 the 14 Hufnern had become a total of 13 farms. The first time there appeared a pitcher . Outside the village there was a water mill and a wind mill. Ten years later, the statistics reported from Lehnschulzen, who worked four hooves. There was a brewer who also had four hooves. Furthermore, there were 13 Zweihufner who performed kötterdienst, five Büdner, the water miller, a sexton, a shepherd and for the first time a schoolmaster, ie there was a school in the village. However, there was no forge yet, so a blacksmith came by if necessary. In 1771 Motzen had grown to 17 gables (= residential houses). There was the miller, the shepherd and two pairs of householders. They still gave eight groschen per hoof.

19th century

Post mileage column from around 1820

In 1801 the Lehnschulze still worked in the village. There were 17 whole farmers, three Büdner, five residents, a pitcher and the water and windmill. At that time, beets were grown in Motzen. There were 27 fireplaces (= households) on the 32 hooves. In 1840 the building stock had grown to 29 houses. In 1858 there were 15 farm owners who employed 19 servants and maids. There were still 23 part-time farmers and 29 workers. There were 38 properties in Motzen. The three largest were between 300 and 600 acres, and together made up 1,251 acres. Twelve other properties totaled 2,490 acres, 13 totaled 242 acres. Another ten properties were smaller than five acres, making 48 acres. In the meantime, numerous trades had settled in Motzen. There was a master shoemaker, a tailor, a carpenter, a journeyman mason, a master potter, a blacksmith, a shopkeeper, and a ship owner with a skipper and an electric vehicle. The pitcher still existed; however, there were also six arms. In 1860 the village consisted of four public, 37 residential and 60 farm buildings, including a water flour mill and a flour mill. At the end of the 19th century numerous brickworks were built in the village , which led to a sharp increase in the population: in 1895, 720 people were already living in the village. In order to be able to transport the coveted bricks, especially to the rapidly growing Berlin, the place was connected to a small railway line to Königs Wusterhausen in 1894 .

20th century

It has been handed down from around 1900 that around 30 wagons with bricks were brought to Berlin every day. On the way back they took rubbish with them from Berlin, which was buried in the brick holes. At that time there were already 93 houses, the number of which grew to 106 houses by 1931. In 1902 Motzen became an independent parish. In 1932 Motzen consisted of the community and the residential areas Märchenwiese, Motzenmühle, Tonsee, Motzen Mitte station and Motzen Seebad. In 1941 the Opwis settlement was added.

Motzen experienced another influx after the end of the Second World War , when the population reached its peak in 1948 due to refugees to 973 inhabitants. In 1945 four hectares were expropriated and distributed among 35 (!) New farmers. In 1955 a type I LPG was founded with initially only four members and 17 hectares of agricultural land. In 1957 there was an LPG type III and a VEB plastic pressing plant with 129 employees. During the GDR era, a children's holiday camp was built and operated in the village . In 1960 there was the LPG Type III with 53 members and 256 hectares of usable area. There was also an LPG Type I with 14 members and 87 hectares, which were later united and connected to the LPG Bestensee in 1972. This also existed in 1973 with the Motzen division.

The number of inhabitants fell in the next few years and was 670 in 1989. After the fall of the Wall , this trend was reversed and the number of inhabitants almost doubled. In 1996 the historic village center was redesigned and in 2000 a guest house was opened. Motzen became an attractive place to live, with a total of 1273 residents as of September 30, 2015.

21st century

Motzen was incorporated into Mittenwalde on October 26, 2003.

Population development

Population development in Motzen from 1734 to 1971
year 1734 1772 1801 1817 1840 1858 1895 1925 1939 1946 1964 1971
Residents 100 144 162 145 191 267 720 621 and 30 (Motzenmühle) 756 822 796 809

Economy and Transport

Sights and culture

  • The Motzen village church was built in 1755 and was restored from 1985 to 1992. The apse is divided as a sacristy . In the interior there is, among other things, an organ with a prospectus from the first half of the 19th century.
  • Two brickworks hiking trails lead from the Haus des Gastes to the historic sites of brick production.
  • In his song Golf in Motzen , Reinhard Lakomy complains, among other things, of the social development after German reunification.

Personalities

A stumbling block was laid in 2010 for the officer and later entrepreneur Walter Frick (1895–1945), who was executed in 1945 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003 .
  2. ↑ Flyer Ziegeleiwanderweg - A hike on historical tracks through Motzen , p. 6
  3. ^ The first stumbling block in Motzen, in: Neues Deutschland, March 2010 , accessed on June 8, 2019.

literature

  • [1] Jürgen Bonnes, Heimatverein Motzen (ed.): Das Dorf Motzen , 2016, PDF, p. 3.
  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg: Teltow (= Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg . Volume 4). Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.

Web links

Commons : Motzen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files