Potter

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Potter
City of Mittenwalde
Coordinates: 52 ° 10 ′ 15 ″  N , 13 ° 34 ′ 45 ″  E
Height : 43 m
Residents : 930  (April 11, 2019)
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 15749
Area code : 033769

Töpchin is a district of Mittenwalde in Brandenburg .

location

The district is located south of the city center. To the north lies the Zossen district of Kallinchen and the district of Motzen (Mittenwalde) ( belonging to Mittenwalde ). This is followed in a clockwise direction by the communities of Groß Köris and Schwerin , the city of Teupitz in the south and the Zossen district of Wünsdorf in the west. The federal highway 13 runs a few kilometers further east in a north-south direction. Töpchin borders the following nature reserves (NSG): in the south to the NSG Großer and Kleiner Möggelinsee , the NSG Kleine and Mittelleber and the NSG Jägersberg – Schirknitzberg . The Töpchiner Hauptgraben connects the chain of lakes Töpchiner Seen with Motzener See .

The municipality of Waldeck , which is located in the southeast of the district, belongs to Töpchin .

History and etymology

12th to 16th centuries

Töpchin village church

The region was settled by Slavs as early as the 12th century . They called the place "Dubschin", which means Eichendorf . The place was first mentioned in 1475 as "Tüpchin" and was owned by the Zossen rule from before that year, with the exception of a few legal persons . From an ecclesiastical point of view, he was parish in Zossen and was under the diocese of Meißen . As a result, the local residents did not build a church at first and preferred the local Zossen branch church due to its proximity to Motzen . The dead end village was surrounded by water on three sides. The inhabitants lived mainly from agriculture and fishing. They dammed the Töpchiner lakes and built a mill; there was already a mug . From (before?) 1492 to 1716, the aforementioned rights of use belonged to the knight's seat at Zossen. They received shares in the Schulzen as well as elevations from four farms (1555) or three farmer's services and taxes (1583). In 1583 the Schulze farmed two hooves; there were two Anderthalbhufner and the Kruger, a Einhufner, three Kossäten that "since Alteres her" 16 hooves managed.

17th century

Before the Thirty Years' War there were a total of 14 Hufner, three Kossäts and one shepherd in the village in 1624. After the war, 11 farmers with a brother and three sons lived in the village. Töpchin was therefore not as badly affected by the effects of the war as comparable villages in the region. In 1655 there was the Schulzen, again 13 Hufner and three Kossäts. They had the fishing rights and were allowed to fish in the Töpchiner See . In 1711 there were 14 farmers, the shepherd and a servant living in the village. There was still no own forge; if necessary, however, a blacksmith came by. The residents paid eight groschen for each of the 16 hooves. In 1745 there were 14 farmers, two cottagers and a jug. A family house was built outside the village. In 1755 the Lehnschulze farmed two Hufe and also the farm of a Kossaten. There was a Schenkkrüger with 1.5 hooves, a half-hoofed man, eleven single-hoofed men who performed kossaeteers, three kossaeans, two bidders, a blacksmith and a schoolmaster who was also the tailor at the same time. There was also a night watchman in the village. There was a shepherd and two individual residents. In 1771 Töpchin consisted of 16 gables (= residential houses). There was now a blacksmith and a shepherd.

18th century

In 1801 lived in the place of the Lehnschulze, 13 whole farmers, two whole kossats, a half kossat and four Büdner, four granny workers and the Kruger. They operated 23 fireplaces (= households). Next to the place was also the Bleiche residential area, which later became Springbleiche . He was also mentioned again in 1840; There were 24 residential buildings in the entire district.

In 1858 there were 14 farm owners in the there and in the Bleiche establishment, who employed nine servants and maids. There were also 39 workers and 12 part-time farmers. There were 26 properties in the village: one was more than 600 acres (682 acres), three more between 300 and 600 acres (together 1168 acres), ten more were between 10 and 30 acres (together 2808 acres), six between 5 and 30 acres (together 121 acres). Six yards were smaller than 5 acres (a total of 18 acres). In the meantime some trades had settled in the village . There was an apprentice tailor, a master potter with two apprentices, a master locksmith, two traders, a hoer, a jug and a poor man. In 1860 there was one public, 23 residential and 35 farm buildings in the village without the Springbleiche residential area. The district was 4847 acres: 2676 acres were forest, 1542 arable land, 390 acres of meadow, 128 acres of pasture and 50 acres of farms. Due to the regulation of the Notte in 1862, the water level of the Töpchiner See dropped by 1.30 to 1.40 m. This created three separate lakes, the Töpchiner Untersee, the Töpchiner Obersee and the Sputendorfer See . In the middle of the 19th century the place experienced an economic boom due to the mining of clay. In 1840 the first brickworks was opened in the Springbleiche residential area, and lignite mining began around 1850 in the Waldeck district . From December 1894, the bricks were transported to Berlin on the Königs Wusterhausen-Mittenwalde-Töpchiner Kleinbahn in particular . In 1893 and 1894, the established church own village church .

20th and 21st centuries

At the turn of the century there were 109 houses in the village. The stock grew to 144 houses in 1931. There were also around ten brick factories, seven restaurants, bakers, shoemakers and a blacksmith's shop. Töpchin was indirectly affected by the establishment of the Zehrensdorf military training area in 1909/1910 and had to give up large forest areas. In 1932 the community existed with the residential areas Springbleiche, brickworks and the settlements Landhauskolonie, Töpchin North and Töpchin South. In 1939 there were five farms in the village that were between 20 and 100 hectares in size, five other farms between 10 and 20 hectares, twelve farms between 5 and 10 hectares and 68 farms between 0.5 and 5 hectares. In 1941 the forester's house Kroschingluch also belonged to the community. In addition to the assignments of territory from the 1910s, the place was directly affected by the military use of the surrounding area when an ammunition train exploded in August 1944, which caused great damage to the roofs and windows in the place. The church was also affected and could only be secured in autumn / winter 1945/1946.

After the Second World War , 245 hectares were expropriated from the former military training area and divided up. 22 farmers received between one and five hectares (together 100 hectares) and 23 farmers between five and ten hectares (together 145 hectares). The former municipality of Sputenberge was incorporated on July 1, 1950. In 1955 a type III LPG was founded with 39 members and 175 hectares of agricultural land . In addition, a type I LPG was founded with eight members and an area of ​​41 hectares, which was incorporated into the Egsdorf branch in 1962. In 1973 there was the LPG, the state forestry company with the Waldeck district forestry and the VEB Betonkombinat Potsdam with the Töpchin branch.

After the fall of the Wall , the Töpchiner concrete plant was the last major manufacturing company to close. In 1994 the parish celebrated its 100th anniversary. Töpchin was incorporated into Mittenwalde on October 26, 2003.

Population development

Population development in Töpchin from 1734 to 1971
year 1734 1772 1801 1817 1840 1858 1895 1925 1939 1946 1964 1971
Residents 117 139 148 157 168 226 978 945 2268 1021 922 868

Culture and sights

school

Education and culture

  • Numerous clubs are active in the village, including the Förderverein Volksfest Töpchin, the Heimatverein Töpchin, the TTV BMR Töpchin and a fishing club. In addition, there is a support association of the volunteer fire brigade, the hunting association and hunting horn blower group Töpchin as well as the senior citizens' advisory board and the parish. There is a small art scene.
  • A youth and citizens' meeting point is available for the residents. Mittenwalde runs the small primary school Töpchin in the village.

Economy and infrastructure, politics

Numerous tradesmen are active in the village, including several craftsmen, an organic farm and a café. Numerous holiday apartments are aimed at tourists.

The Märkische Straße connects the place to the north with Kallinchen and Motzen. It leads as Waldecker Straße in a southerly direction to Teupitz and there on the federal motorway. To the east there is a connection to Zossen and its districts with the main avenue. The RVS connects the place with the bus line 728 with Mittenwalde and Königs Wusterhausen.

Mayor is Jan Priemer.

Personalities

  • Ursula Püschel (1930–2018), literary scholar, journalist and writer, born in Töpchin

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Church Töpchin , website of the parish of Motzen, accessed on April 1, 2019.
  2. ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
  3. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003

literature

  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg: Teltow (= Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg . Volume 4). Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.

Web links

Commons : Töpchin  - collection of images, videos and audio files