Muglinov

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Muglinov
Muglinov coat of arms
Muglinov (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Moravskoslezský kraj
District : Ostrava-město
Municipality : Ostrava
Area : 202 ha
Geographic location : 49 ° 51 '  N , 18 ° 18'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 51 '8 "  N , 18 ° 18' 17"  E
Residents : 4,206 (2011)
Postal code : 712 00
License plate : T
traffic
Next international airport : Ostrava Airport

Muglinov ( German Muglinau , Polish Muglinów ) is a district in the Slezská Ostrava district of the city of Ostrava in the Czech Republic , on the right, eastern bank of the Ostravice .

A street through Muglinov

history

The place in the Duchy of Teschen , founded in 1290, was first mentioned in a document around 1305 in the Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis ( Tithe Register of the Diocese of Wroclaw ) among around seventy new villages as "Item in Muglin" . The number of hooves was not yet specified in the tithing register. The original name Muglin (again in 1332) was of unclear origin, possibly derived from a personal name of German origin or was distorted by the substitution so that it can no longer be recognized (after Rudolf Šrámek: German Muglinau ≤ * moheln- = mogiln- ?, meaning grave ; compare the Moravian city Mohelnice , or Polish Mogilno , Mogiła ). The Slavic possessive suffix -ov (-ów, -au) was added in the 15th century, e.g. B. Muglinow (1476).

The first Duke of Teschen, Mieszko I, confirmed the border on the Ostravitza with the Olomouc Bishop Theoderich von Neuhaus on August 2, 1297 . Two documents were issued on both sides, in which the area on the right bank was called Poland in Latin ( super metis et terminie apud Ostraviam in minibus buno rum ducatus nostri et episcopatus Olomucensis pro eo, quod fluvius idem qui de beret metas Polonie et Moravie distingire) . The border lost its importance in 1327 when the Duchy of Teschen came under the sovereignty of the Crown of Bohemia , but the ecclesiastical border between the Diocese of Breslau and the Diocese of Olomouc existed on the Ostravice until 1978.

From the 13th and especially the 14th century, the spiralization in the place of the letter g became one of the linguistic properties best recognizable in old, especially Latin and German-language sources, which the Moravian-Lachish toponyms (h> g) from Polish- Silesian (g> h) difference. After the introduction of the Czech official language in the Kingdom of Bohemia and around 1430 in the Duchy of Teschen , the letter in Czech-language documents was often replaced with g in the area of ​​the Polish-Silesian dialect , e.g. B. Bohumín : Bogun (~ 1260) → Oderberg (1292) → Bohunin (1478), but never in the name of Muglinov, although the place was west of the linguistic border between the Moravian-Lachian and Polish-Silesian Teschen dialects, which was certified much later .

Initially the village was owned by the Teschen dukes, from 1440 it belonged to the rule of Polish Ostrau , then from 1630 to the estate of Kunzendorf and from 1714 to 1848 again to Polish Ostrava of the Counts of Wilczek.

In the description of Teschener Silesia by Reginald Kneifl in 1804, Muglinau was a village under the rule of Polish-Ostrava of Count Joseph Wlczek in the Teschner district . The village had 19 houses with 115 inhabitants in Silesian-Moravian dialect. After the abolition of patrimonial it was initially incorporated with Hruschau to the municipality of Heřmanice in the Friedek district , from 1890 an independent municipality in the Freistadt district founded in 1868 .

The industrialization in the area accelerated after the opening of the Kaiser Ferdinands-Nordbahn in 1847, which initiated the rise of the place. Among other things, a brick factory was founded there or basalt was mined. The number of inhabitants rose to 629 (in 49 houses) by 1869, then to 640 (587 with registration) by 1880 and 2647 (2551) in 1910. The increase in the number of inhabitants accelerated, especially after the establishment of the first workers' settlement at the Ida colliery and the large influx of people into the Ostrau-Karwiner coal and industrial area, mainly cheap workers from Galicia in the 1870s and 1880s. The Poles made up 4.4% (26 people) of the local population in 1880, but their number continued to increase from 14.2% in 1890 to 64.1% (929 people) in 1900, while the number of Czech speakers increased from 81 .3% in 1880 to 32% in 1900 and the German-speaking population from 14.3% to 3.9% in 1900. In the early 20th century, a national conflict flared up between Poles and Czechs. The Czech activists sought to stop the trend of decline in the Czech population. On January 1, 1904, 7 traditional Czech-speaking municipalities in the Oderberg judicial district in the Freistadt district were separated to create the new Polish Ostrava judicial district in the Friedek district. In 1910 the municipality had an area of ​​216 hectares, 171 buildings with 2647 inhabitants, 2551 of which had to be registered - only these were asked for their colloquial language: 1662 (65.2%) were Czech, 753 (29.5%) were Polish. and 136 (5.3%) German-speaking; 2551 (96.4% of the total parish population) were Roman Catholics, 45 (1.7%) Protestants, 40 (1.5%) Jews, 11 (0.4%) other faiths.

After the First World War and the collapse of the Habsburg monarchy , the area of ​​Cieszyn Silesia was controversial. On November 5, 1918, the Polish National Council of the Duchy of Teschen (Rada Narodowa Kięstwa Cieszyńskiego, RNKC) and the Czech Territorial Committee (Zemský národní výbor, ZNV) agreed that Muglinov, like the entire Friedek district , should belong to Czechoslovakia. On the Czech side, also behind the Ostrawitza in Moravia, there remained tens of thousands of Poles, mostly Galician immigrants, over 20% of the population of the Polish judicial district of Ostrava. Unlike the altansässigen Wasserpolaken from the area of Cieszyn Silesian dialect they were still illiterate for the most part and in comparison to the enlightened Poland in accordance with the Czechoslovak Polish border war arose region Olsagebiet they tschechisierten relatively quickly (in the census in 1921 already only 877 or 1.9% data of Polish nationality in the whole judicial district). A trace of them are the numerous surnames in the Polish spelling.

From 1939 the place was in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia . In 1919 the incorporation into Moravian Ostrava was considered in order to create "Greater Ostrava", as well as the incorporation of four communities east of Ostravice with Muglinov to Silesian Ostrava to make a rival city to Moravian Ostrava. Muglinau was not incorporated into Ostrau until July 1, 1941 during the German occupation. The Soviets liberated it on the night of April 30th to May 1st, 1945.

Web links

Commons : Muglinov  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Idzi Panic: Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) . Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie, Cieszyn 2010, ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5 , p. 297-299 (Polish).
  2. ^ Wilhelm Schulte: Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae T.14 Liber Fundationis Episcopatus Vratislaviensis . Breslau 1889, ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5 , p. 110-112 ( online ).
  3. ↑ Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis ( la ) Retrieved August 24, 2014.
  4. ↑ a b Robert Mrózek: nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego . Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach , 1984, ISSN  0208-6336 , p. 121 (Polish).
  5. ^ I. Panic, 2010, pp. 272, 400
  6. ^ Idzi Panic: Jak my ongiś godali. Język mieszkańców Górnego Śląska od średniowiecze do połowy XIX wieku [The language of the inhabitants of Upper Silesia in the Middle Ages and in modern times] . Avalon, Cieszyn-Kraków 2015, ISBN 978-83-7730-168-5 , p. 45 (Polish).
  7. ↑ G. Mrózek, 1984, p. 311
  8. ^ Reginald Kneifl: Topography of the Kaiser. royal Antheils von Schlesien , 2nd part, 1st volume: Condition and constitution, in particular of the Duchy of Teschen, Principality of Bielitz and the free minor class lords Friedeck, Freystadt, German people, Roy, Reichenwaldau and Oderberg . Joseph Georg Traßler, Brünn 1804, p. 264 ( e-copy )
  9. ↑ Kazimierz Piątkowski: Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem . Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego, Cieszyn 1918, p. 288 (Polish, online ).
  10. ↑ Ludwig Patryn (ed): The results of the census of December 31, 1910 in Silesia , Opava 1912.