Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy
The Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy (German: Museum of Fine Arts of Nancy ) is an art museum in the Lorraine city of Nancy . The main building of the museum dates from the 18th century and belongs to the urban ensemble of the Place Stanislas and is therefore part of the World Heritage Site Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance . The museum houses works of art from the 14th century to the present day. The focus of the collection is on French, Italian and Dutch paintings, as well as glass objects from the École de Nancy .
History and buildings
The museum is one of the oldest museums in France. It was founded in 1793 as a result of the French Revolution . The core of the collections consisted of works of art from confiscation of church and aristocratic property. This included, for example, the painting The Annunciation by Caravaggio . The church Chapelle de la Visitation (today Chapelle du Lycée Poincaré) initially served as a museum building . When the French museums were restructured in 1801, the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy received several important works of art from the collection of the Louvre in Paris due to the Chaptal decree . An example of this is the painting Aurora and Cephalus by François Boucher . In 1804 the museum moved to Nancy University . This building now houses the Bibliothèque municipale de Nancy . Another move followed in 1814 to the pavilion on Place Stanislas , where the museum is now located again. From 1828, however, the first floor of the town hall (Hôtel de ville) of the city of Nancy served as the home of the museum for more than 100 years. The collections occupied 10 halls of the town hall in 1889. Six of these were reserved for paintings, three for sculptures and one room for drawings. These rooms were soon no longer sufficient for the steadily growing number of works of art. Plans for a different spatial solution were mainly delayed by the First World War and it was not until 1936 that today's museum building could be moved into.
Since then, the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy has been located at Place Stanislas No. 3 in the immediate vicinity of the Apollo Fountain. The building was designed according to plans by the architect Emmanuel Héré in the classicism style and completed in 1755. The facade of the museum resembles that of the neighboring Pavillon Jacquet and the opposite buildings of the Opera and the Grand Hotel. These four pavilions, along with other buildings on Place Stanislas and the neighboring Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance, have been a World Heritage Site since 1983. The building at Place Stanislas No. 3 was initially used by the medical college Collège de médecine et de chirurgie . After the temporary use as a museum from 1814 to 1828, the Théâtre de la Comédie moved into the building, which was subsequently also known as the Pavillon de la Comédie . In 1906 the building burned to the ground in a fire. Another venue was found for the theater at an early stage and lengthy planning and construction projects began in order to use the building as a museum again from now on. Since the pavilion on Place Stanislas was insufficient for the museum's space requirements, an extension was built at the rear under the direction of the architects Jacques and Michel André. This building complex has housed the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy since 1936. In 1995 the museum was completely renovated under the direction of Laurent Beaudouin. During this work, the foundations of the fortification Bastion d'Haussonville from the 15th century were exposed. These foundations are now visible to visitors in the basement, where the Daum collection with glass objects from the École de Nancy is also located. As early as 1935, the city of Nancy received an extensive collection from Eugène Corbin with more than 600 objects of handicraft from the École de Nancy. These Art Nouveau works were first shown in the exhibition rooms of Galeries Poirel before they later moved to Corbin's former home. The Corbin house and collection have been an independent museum as the Musée de l'Ecole de Nancy since 1964 .
Basement with foundations of the Bastion d'Haussonville
18th century stairwell
peristyle
1930s stairwell
View into an exhibition room
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collection
painting
One focus of the museum is the collection of paintings. Numerous pictures from the 14th to 18th centuries were formerly owned by the church and show biblical motifs. The ancient Italian painters include a Madonna and Child by Perugino , The Lamentation of Christ by Jacopo Tintoretto , the Annunciation by Caravaggio , the Baptism of Christ by Jusepe de Ribera and The Risen Christ by Guido Reni . There is also the picture Sibylle von Tibur announces Augustus the birth of Christ by Pietro da Cortona and a conversion of Paul by Luca Giordano . Secular motifs can be found in a landscape painting by Alessandro Magnasco . The museum also has a male portrait Nonchalance by Giovanni Battista Piazzetta .
In the field of Dutch and Flemish painting, too, pictures with biblical motifs dominate. Here are the paintings The Transfiguration of the Lord and Jonas is Thrown into the Sea by Peter Paul Rubens , Jesus drives the traders out of the temple by Jan van Hemessen , Sermon John the Baptist by Abraham Bloemaert , Dying Christ by Jan Lievens and Noli me tangere by Jan Brueghel the Younger . A mythological theme shows The Wedding of Peleus and Thetis by Joachim Wtewael . There are also genre paintings such as The Fortune Teller by David Teniers the Younger or portrait paintings like Heads of Old Women by Jacob Jordaens and a male portrait by Nicolaes Maes . Other pictures from this area are Landscape with a Torrent by Joos de Momper or Still Life with Fishes by Jacob van Es .
Taddeo di Bartolo:
Virgin with child
Jacopo Tintoretto:
The Lamentation of Christ
Caravaggio:
Annunciation
Peter Paul Rubens:
The Transfiguration of the Lord
Jacob Jordaens:
Heads of Old Women
The collection of French paintings is particularly extensive. Simon Vouet is represented with several works , of which there are the pictures L''Amour qui se verge , Nymphe essayant and Les flèches de l'Amour in the museum. Added to this are The Birth of Christ by Noël Coypel , the Assumption of Mary by Charles de La Fosse and a Virgin and Child by Charles Le Brun . Other works include Bacchanale by Jacques Blanchard , La Charité by Philippe de Champaigne , Aurora and Cephalus by François Boucher , Les Repos de Diane by Jean François de Troy and L'Ivresse de Silène by Charles André van Loo . The museum also has a landscape with a flute player by Claude Lorrain , as well as the paintings L'Automne by François Desportes and La Continence de Scipion by François Lemoyne .
The works of French artists dominate the paintings from the 19th century. On display are the battle painting La bataille de Nancy by Eugène Delacroix , the port view Vue du pont de Dieppe by Eugène Isabey , a typical Italian landscape for the painter Vue de Tivoli by Jean-Achille Benouville and the works of La Clairière by Narcisso from the Barbizon school Virgilio Díaz de la Peña and Bords de Loire by Théodore Rousseau . There are also a number of portraits of women such as Ophélie by Jules Bastien-Lepage , Portrait de Zélie by Gustave Courbet and the pictures Jeune femme et son chien and Portrait de femme by Henri Gervex . In the area of impressionism , the museum owns the portrait of Méry Laurent entitled Autumn by Édouard Manet and the atmospheric Coucher de soleil à Étretat by Claude Monet .
In the field of modern art there are significant works, especially from the first half of the 20th century. You can see the Paris cityscape of Place Saint-Eleuthére by Maurice Utrillo , the workers motif Les batteurs de pieux entre by Maximilien Luce , the portrait de Germaine Survage by Amedeo Modigliani or the work Port de La Rochelle by Paul Signac in the style of pointillism . There are also works of Fauvism such as L'Etang by Maurice de Vlaminck , La Seine au Pont-Neuf, effet de brouillard by Albert Marquet or La mer à Saint-Adresse by Raoul Dufy . The museum owns the paintings Le déjeunier des enfants by Pierre Bonnard , Honfleur dans la brune by Félix Vallotton , Le graveur Vallotton dans son atelier by Édouard Vuillard , Paysage breton by Paul Sérusier and Soir florentin by Maurice Denis from the artist group Nabis . Other pictures in the collection are La femme aux bas blancs by Suzanne Valadon or Portrait de Marguerite Matisse by Henri Matisse .
Jules Bastien-Lepage:
Ophélie
Édouard Manet:
Autumn
Félix Vallotton:
Honfleur dans la brume
Maximilien Luce:
Les batteurs de pieux entre
Amedeo Modigliani:
Portrait de Germaine Survage
Sculptures and handicrafts
In addition to paintings and works on paper, the museum owns a number of sculptural works. These include, for example, the female figures Femme accroupie by Ossip Zadkine and Grande femme au miroir by Henri Laurens or the marble sculpture Amor and Psyche by Auguste Rodin . Other sculptures in the collection come from artists such as Aristide Maillol , Raymond Duchamp-Villon , Jacques Lipchitz and César Baldaccini .
Nancy was a center of Art Nouveau in Europe at the beginning of the 20th century . Numerous buildings in the city are built in the Art Nouveau style and several collections show exhibits of handicrafts from this period. The École de Nancy is particularly known for its outstanding glass work. With the collection of Michel Daum, heir to a glass manufacturer from Lorraine, the museum has an extensive collection of glass objects. This also includes works by Émile Gallé , for example . The museum also has some furniture from this period, including pieces by Gallé and Louis Majorelle , both of whom worked in Nancy.
Auguste Rodin:
Cupid and Psyche
Hall with the Daum collection
Vase with a landscape motif
Mug with iris flowers
Lamp with eucalyptus leaves
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Japanese art
Charles Cartier-Bresson, an uncle of the photographer Henri Cartier-Bresson , was an avid collector of arts and crafts from Japan. In 1936 his widow gave the museum this collection of more than 1,000 items. In addition to prints by well-known artists such as Utagawa Hiroshige , Katsushika Hokusai , Utagawa Kunisada and Kitagawa Utamaro, this also includes wall screens, sculptures and old swords. Cartier-Bresson also collected everyday objects such as ceramics and lacquer cans. There is also the armor of a samurai and various kimonos in this section.
Utagawa Kunisada: 53 stations of the Tōkaidō - Sakanoshita
literature
- Claude Pétry: Le Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy . Musées et monuments de France, Paris 1989, ISBN 2-907333-07-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The spelling of the museum Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy is taken from the book Claude Pétry: Le Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy , p. 5 (used consistently there). In addition, the spelling Musée des beaux-arts de Nancy or musée des beaux-arts de Nancy is used on various websites.
Coordinates: 48 ° 41 ′ 36.5 " N , 6 ° 10 ′ 56.4" E