Neuhaus (municipality of Weissenbach an der Triesting)

Neuhaus ( village ) locality cadastral community Neuhaus
Basic data
Pole. District , state	Baden  (BN), Lower Austria
Judicial district	to bathe
Pole. local community	Weissenbach an der Triesting
Coordinates	47 ° 59 '46 "  N , 16 ° 2' 54"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 59 '46 "  N , 16 ° 2' 54"  E
height	423  m above sea level A.
Residents of the village	658 (January 1, 2020)
Building status	210 (2001)
Area  d. KG	3.06 km²
Statistical identification
Locality code	03440
Cadastral parish number	22022
Counting district / district	Neuhaus / Schwarzensee (30645 001/002)
View of the main square
Source: STAT : index of places ; BEV : GEONAM ; NÖGIS

Neuhaus in the Vienna Woods with about 300 inhabitants is a cadastral municipality of Weissenbach an der Triesting and is located in a wooded side valley north of the Triesting Valley at 423  m above sea level. A. on the road from Weissenbach via Nöstach or Schwarzensee to Alland .

For centuries it was the settlement around Neuhaus Castle . Between 1895 and the First World War , it was expanded into a glamorous health resort with elegant hotels and villas. As a result, it could no longer connect to this period and (even after being destroyed in World War II ) it was forgotten as a summer resort.

The place is that "Neuhaus" which in the play "Heldenplatz" by Thomas Bernhard is mentioned.

history

Burgort

→ Main article : Neuhaus Castle (Weissenbach)

Died in 1246. Frederick II. , The pugnacious , as the last Babenberg in the fight against the Hungarians. 1246–1251, his cupbearer and district judge, Heinrich von Habespach, illegally built a castle with a surrounding wall and defense towers, a "permanent house" , on the rocky nose of the Hausberg, where a watchtower stood . Documents call this permanent house “novum castrum” . The name Neues Haus changed its spelling several times over the next 500 years: Niwenhaus, Nivenhaus, Newhaus, Newenhaus, Newnhaus, Newhäussl, Newnhewslein, Neuhäusl, Neuhaus and Neyhauss.

In 1328 Neuhaus was mentioned as a sovereign fiefdom . In 1349 the plague broke out in Neuhaus. In 1377 the last named lord of Neuhaus-Habespach, Friedrich von dem Newnhaus, sold his estate to a Count of Ortenburg. On May 13, 1392 Neuhaus came into the possession of the Imprucker family, who ruled here for almost 200 years. Under them the castle, the permanent house , was expanded. In 1481 the plague broke out again. In 1529 the castle was spared the First Turkish Siege of Vienna ; the nearby Arnstein Castle was destroyed. On June 20, 1572 the castle was sold to Bernhard Discounto. On November 6, 1595, Christoph Wolhaben bought Neuhaus Castle. The Wolzüge were the postmasters for what is now Lower Austria south of the Danube. In 1607 a large expansion of the castle began, including a western round tower.

In 1610 a Protestant church was built, the current church, which is essentially Gothic . Neuhaus and the neighboring village of Schwarzensee formed Reformed enclaves in the otherwise Catholic Vienna Woods. In 1620 the Wolzog sold the castle to the emperor and emigrated to Germany as a result of the emigration edict. In 1633 the Neuhaus and Laxenburg estates changed hands in exchange. In 1683 the castle and town were also destroyed in the course of the Second Turkish Siege of Vienna .

In 1694, a Venetian mirror production was built in the west wing of the castle, today's rectory . The first mirror left the trade in 1701 . In 1720 a cast house and a trade building were built. After 1720 the place consisted almost exclusively of buildings used to produce mirrors. In 1726, Emperor Charles VI. Renovating the castle for the mirror factory, a memorial plaque in the castle courtyard reminded us today. In 1769, at the instigation of Empress Maria Theresa, an elementary school was built in the castle. In 1830 the mirror factory was relocated to Schlöglmühl , where it was closed after a short time.
In the same year Neuhaus was sold to Georg Freiherrn von Sina  - the father of the founder of the Sinawarte on the Hoher Lindkogel - for 341,000 guilders . He bequeathed the estate to his granddaughter Anathasia Countess Wimpffen.

• 

  Neuhaus Castle

• 

  The inner courtyard of the castle: the east building on the right, the west building on the left

• 

  The Church of St. Nepomuk seen from the courtyard of the castle

spa

Roller skating hall with the Hotel d'Orange in the background (1913)

In 1889, Simon von Wimpffen, as a co-owner of the estate, began the generous expansion of Neuhaus; Hotels, villas, ponds, open air swimming pools, medicinal baths, toboggan run from Peilstein , music pavilion, post office, pharmacy, water pipe, electric light were built. In 1895 the Kurhotel Stefanie was built by Simon Graf Wimpffen in order to be able to offer its guests accommodation. In 1896 the first construction phase was opened. A total of three hotels and 37 villas were built in two construction phases in 1895 and 1911. Neuhaus as a fashionable health resort was also visited by the emperor and some archduke; the imperial court was often a guest and envoys from the imperial family stayed here as guests of Count Wimpffen. In 1911, the Curhotel d'Orange became the focus of fin de siècle social life in Neuhaus. A roller skating hall was built between 1913 and 1914. In 1914 the Kurort Neuhaus project ended with the beginning of the First World War . Simon Graf Wimpffen died in 1925; his successor nephew, Georg, was economically unsuccessful . In 1927 there was a direct bus connection between the Hotel d'Orange and Baden (Hauptplatz 17) . The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1927 . In April 1945 Neuhaus lay on the front line for days in the final phase of World War II . 31 people died; the castle burned down in the course of the fighting. In 1946 the badly damaged church was repaired.

In 1976 the Starlinger-Huemer family , the largest entrepreneur in the region, acquired the castle and began renovating it. The place grew by opening up new building sites. In 1994 the historic spa hotels were largely derelict, not least because they were rented out as refugee camps. In 1998 Starlinger began to renovate the other historic hotels acquired by the company, d'Orange and Stefanie . In 2002 the recreation park including the biotope pond was designed with high financial outlay; The renovation of the d'Orange also made progress. The restoration of the d'Orange was completed in 2004 as the first building in the old spa .

See also: History of the Vienna Woods

Buildings below the castle

Kurhotel Stefanie

Around 1911 a sanatorium was built behind the hotel. Guests in need of baths should regain their health through medicinal baths, the spa doctor was a Dr. Kosel. A covered corridor was built between the hotel and the baths so that the patients can get to their rooms undamaged by the weather. In 1913 the spa business started. In the same year, due to the large number of visitors to the Hotel Stefanie , the station hotel of Count Wimpffen was opened in Fahrafeld at the Neuhaus intersection . The boarding and bathing guests were driven to Neuhaus in a Fiaker. The inflation after the First World War resulted in the absence of guests from Neuhaus, so the spa operations were initially temporarily and from 1919 on completely, and the hotel was closed until 1945. In the spring of 1938 German motorcyclists , mountain troops and other units were billeted. In 1945 the ammunition boxes set up in the park in front of the hotel before the withdrawal of the German soldiers were blown up; several window panes broke in the center of Neuhaus. The house also suffered war damage in 1945, but it was still intact to such an extent that Neuhauser families who had lost their belongings during the war were temporarily housed here; ditto a police station with nine plainclothes policemen, the municipal office and the post office. In 1953 the master butcher Ratkofsky from Fahrafeld bought the building of the health resort and built a butcher's branch in it, which was closed in 1962 due to retirement.

As the count's heirs wanted to sell the Hotel Stefanie , all tenants were given notice in 1968. From the summer of 1972 the house stood empty for a long time. In 1977 the innkeeper Satran from Altenmarkt bought the building and had the exterior renovated without opening a business. From April 1982 the owner worked with refugees from the Polish camp in Neuhaus on the interior design. On June 1, 1982, 30 Polish refugee families moved in. The hotel became a transit camp for Polish refugees. At times up to 150 people from different nations were accommodated: Poles, Czechs, Romanians, Iraqis, Iranians, Afghans and Yugoslavs.

• 
• 

  Kurhotel Stefanie (left), Hotel Nauhaus (right), photo taken around 1900

Hotel Neuhaus (Hauptplatz No. 2)

In 1886, Simon Graf Wimpffen bought the manor in the center of Neuhaus and converted it into a mansion , combined with an extension , where the count, if he was not at Fahrafeld Castle , lived on the upper floor. From there he was able to easily see the implementation of his construction plans. A little later, a guest and lodging establishment was established in the lower rooms, the Hotel Neuhaus was officially opened on February 28, 1897. The guest establishment was supplied with Hungarian wines; Every fortnight pigs and cattle came to the own butcher's shop in Fahrafeld, from where the whole estate was supplied. Count Wimpffen wanted to compete with Semmering with the hotel and his other plans .

Hotel Neuhaus became the most famous hotel in the area. Seven to nine teams of horses brought the Sunday and weekend excursionists from the Weissenbach-Neuhaus train station to the hotel, whose kitchen and cellar were considered good and cheap . A gypsy ensemble playing music in front of the house provided entertainment for the guests. A large hall, the Glass Salon, was built for this hotel in 1913 . Hotel Neuhaus was closed from 1922 to 1924 , then reopened, but hardly flourished. From September 1938 until the end of 1939, the hotel building was closed. Around Christmas 1939 it was taken over by the leaseholder Josef Breitschopf, who ran the restaurant as a simple inn until May 31, 1959, with varying degrees of success. In 1945 the manor house suffered great damage, which was only sparsely repaired. In autumn 1945 a school class was set up in the largest room on the first floor ( front left ); it was followed by a second classroom ( back left ) in April 1948. Until September 5, 1954, the school remained in use. Also in autumn 1945 Otto Weiser from Neuhaus opened a general store in the lower right part of the hotel. In 1948 the Wienerwald consumer cooperative took over this establishment and ran it without a water connection or toilet until September 1, 1973.

In 1946 Theresia Sohn from Neuhaus opened a grocery store in a small room at the back left , which was taken over by Johann Binder from Neuhaus in 1963 and operated until 1967. After the unrest in Hungary in 1956, ten refugee families were quartered on the first floor of the house. In 1959 the tenant Josef Breitschopf retired. He was followed for a short time by a daughter of Georg Graf Wimpffen, Maria Franziska, who was soon represented by servants. After a short time, another daughter of Count Georg, Marianne, tried to become a landlady, but in 1966 she closed the business forever. In 1970 the Horvath company bought the Hotel Neuhaus and the Glass Salon for their operation ; In 1977 Komm.-Rat Ziesa was the new owner of the Hotel Neuhaus , in 1982 the Huemer family. After 2003 the building was demolished, with the exception of the elongated, barrel-vaulted ballroom wing, at this point there is now an extension to this ballroom known as the “Glass Salon”.

• 

  The ballroom

Kurhotel d'Orange and former café

The Hotel d'Orange (main square no. 4), with its four floors and five axes, is still one of the most striking buildings in town. It is late historical with neo-baroque elements and was built in 1913. A side building (Hauptplatz No. 3) was connected to the hotel and housed a café, which was connected to the hotel by an orangery-like corridor.

• 

  The renovated former Curhotel d'Orange

• 

  Curhotel d'Orange at the beginning of the renovation

• 

  The former café with the d'Orange in the background

Older villa colony

The villas of the older colony are in the west, in Weinbergstrasse, Wolzügestrasse and Wimpffenstrasse. These villas were built between 1895 and 1905.

• 

  Weinbergstrasse 8, neo-baroque

• 

  Weinbergstrasse 10

• 

  Wimpffenstrasse 3 ( Villa Victoria )

Younger villa colony

Several late historic villas built after 1910 are mainly located in Neue Straße on the eastern edge of the town. There are two groups (Nos. 3 and 7 as well as 9–13 and 19–23), the buildings of which differ only in details such as the appearance of the turrets. All these buildings were built in the second building boom in 1911/12.

• 

  Villa Castella , Neue Straße No. 3, now a kindergarten

• 

  Villa Adria , New Street No. 7

• 

  Villa Malta , New Street 11

• 

  Villa Bajadere , New Street 19

literature

• Otto Hecht: The kk mirror factory in Neuhaus in Lower Austria 1701 - 1844. A contribution to the history of mercantilism . In: Studies on social, economic and administrative history , Volume 4. Konegen, Vienna 1909.
• Bernhard Mader: Neuhaus - excerpt from the chronicle of the castle and place . In: Festschrift for the market survey of the community Weißenbach an der Triesting 1981 . Weissenbach an der Triesting 1981, pp. 26–31.
• Bernhard Mader: Neuhaus district in the Vienna Woods . In: Alfons Brammertz: Heimatbuch der Marktgemeinde Weissenbach an der Triesting - from then until today . Marktgemeinde Weissenbach, Weissenbach 1986, pp. 153-286.
• Manfred Hösch: Location typology of industrial companies in the district under the Vienna Woods until 1850. Technical University, Diss. Vienna 1984.
• Maximilian Bramberger: The worker at the Neuhaus mirror factory. Working conditions, pensions, income, working-class family and social benefits in the second half of the 18th century . University, thesis. Vienna 1988.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Mader: Festschrift , p. 26
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Mader: Festschrift , p. 28
3. ↑ Hösch: Lagetypologie , text volume p. 430
4. ↑ thomas.pressberger: Neuhaus - the sleeping pearl in the Vienna Woods. Retrieved October 7, 2019 . 
5. ↑ ^{a b c} Mader: Festschrift , p. 30
6. ↑ Mader: Heimatbuch , p. 206
7. ↑ Neuhaus. (Baubacillus.). In:  Badener Zeitung , November 5, 1898, p. 4, bottom right (online at ANNO ).
8. ↑ Car-omnibus driving opportunity […]. In:  Badener Zeitung , August 10, 1927, p. 6, center right (online at ANNO ).
9. ↑ (See also: History of Alland ).
10. ↑ APA message 2001: 750 years Neuhaus.
11. ↑ Mader: Heimatbuch , pp. 203-206
12. ↑ Mader: Heimatbuch , p. 206 f.
13. ↑ Note: the Dehio from this year still manages the building as an existing one
14. ↑ ^{a b} Dehio Lower Austria south of the Danube 2003 , Berger Verlag, Horn / Vienna 2003, p. 1520/1521
15. ↑ Permalink Austrian Library Association
16. ↑ Permalink Austrian Library Association
17. ↑ Permalink Austrian Library Association
18. ↑ Permalink Austrian Library Association

Web links

Commons : Neuhaus  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry via Neuhaus in Triestingtal to Burgen-Austria