Neukloster Forst

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Coordinates: 53 ° 28 ′ 19 ″  N , 9 ° 38 ′ 40 ″  E

Relief map: Lower Saxony
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Neukloster Forst​
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Lower Saxony

The Neukloster Forst (also: Neuklosterholz) is a forest area in Buxtehude in the district of Stade , Lower Saxony .

Location and history

The approximately 323  hectares large forest located west of Buxtehude on the edge of Zeven Geest , the here of up to 40 meters high, in the Saale-Ice Age resulting Geest hills into the glacial valley of the Elbe drops. It is characterized by the near-natural oak and beech forest, which grows on a historically old forest site. Around two thirds of this are forest areas that have existed for centuries. The name for the Neukloster Forst was derived from a Benedictine nunnery , which was founded in 1286 in the area of ​​the forest, which was then known as "Bredenbeck" and existed until the beginning of the 18th century.

In large parts of the historical forest areas, the forest was cleared or changed in the periods from 500 to 1300 and 1500 to 1700 . For example, parts of the beech forests were converted into oak forests in order to use them as a hut forest . As a result, overgrazing by pigs, sheep and goats partially led to the creation of heather areas . During the Thirty Years War , large quantities of oak trees were required for warship construction. Later parts of the former forest were settled, Hedendorf and from 1770 new monastery emerged. During the Electoral Hanover survey in 1769, 325 hectares were mapped as forest. In 1821 the forest had already shrunk to 220 hectares. Most of the cleared land had been converted into arable land . Parts of the former forest areas were later reforested , often with conifers .

Forest societies

The Neukloster Forst with its grove and woodruff beech forests and oak-beech forests is home to the largest beech forest in the Elbe-Weser triangle . Due to afforestation, mixed forests have partially emerged, coniferous forest stands on historically afforested heather in the east of the forest . made of Douglas fir and larch . The coniferous forest stands are to be converted into mixed forests in the medium term. In the stream valleys, alluvial and quarry forests are covered with alder and ash. In addition to the dominant beeches and oaks, some of which are more than 200 years old, and other species typical of the location, there are also interesting individual trees and groups of trees, including red oak , chestnut , silver fir , a sickle fir and a strobe . The species-rich forest area is home to over 60 breeding bird species, over 350 flowering and fern plants and around 380 species of mushrooms .

use

Most of the forest belongs to the state of Lower Saxony - only small areas are privately owned - and is managed by the Lower Saxony State Forests according to the LÖWE principles (long-term ecological forest development) in accordance with the PEFC certificate . Up to 3500 solid cubic meters of wood are harvested each year .

Two streams flow through the forest in their valley areas, the Ilsebach in the east and the Mühlenbach in the west. Both streams feed reservoirs lying in the forest . The mill pond is managed as a fish pond. Within the forest there is around four hectares of arable land.

The Neukloster Forst is also used for local recreation . It is criss-crossed by a 40-kilometer network of paths. Part of it is signposted as the "Neukloster forest hiking trail". Information boards are set up at the parking lots at the edge of the forest.

In the east of the forest there is an approximately 2.6 kilometer long, publicly accessible fitness trail of the TSV Buxtehude Altkloster.

An association has been running a forest kindergarten within the forest since 1999 .

archeology

In the Neukloster Forst there are traces of historical routes that ran along the Geestrand above the boggy and inaccessible Elbe valley. Furthermore, old ramparts can be found, the purpose of which has not been clearly clarified. 13 cross stones from the time before 1750 have been preserved in the forest, which marked the border between the Neukloster forest and the Buxtehude forest as boundary stones.

Gravesites and cemeteries

In the Neukloster Forst there are numerous large stone and tumulus graves that go back to the Neolithic and Bronze Ages . There was an Iron Age urn cemetery at the Paterborn . There are also several modern graves and cemeteries in and around the Neukloster Forst . From the German War Graves Commission was from 1955 to 1957 near the Mühlenbach ponds in the northwest of the forest, a military cemetery with the graves of 119 German soldiers of the Second World War , previously at over 50 locations in the districts of Stade, Cuxhaven , Osterholz and Rotenburg (Wümme) buried were created. The Jewish cemetery of the Horneburg synagogue community is located on Bundesstrasse 73 near the Großer Ilsteich in the east of the forest and was used for burials from 1839 to 1929 at the latest. In the north-west of the Neukloster forest lies the new cemetery of the St. Marien parish in Buxtehude-Neukloster on the edge of the forest. In the east of the forest is the 14 hectare Buxtehude forest cemetery, inaugurated in 1957 and expanded in 1980. The park-like forest cemetery was voted one of the top 10 most beautiful cemeteries in Germany in 2014. Nest boxes for birds and bats , insect hotels and beehives have been set up on the site to preserve biodiversity . There are several information boards on the flora and fauna. The Friedwald Buxtehude, which was opened on November 1, 2006, is located in an area of ​​around 77 hectares east of Neukloster Forststrasse . The area was expanded at the end of 2018.

Protection status

With the exception of the Buxtehude forest cemetery, the forest is protected by nature and landscape protection areas. The landscape protection area "Neukloster Forst" (registration number: LSG STD 25) was designated in 1976 (date of the ordinance: April 15, 1976). The area, which was initially around 630 hectares in size and was reduced to around 611 hectares in 1984, included not only the Neukloster Forst but also south adjoining, predominantly agricultural areas. An approximately 260 hectare part of the forest, until then part of the landscape protection area, was designated as a nature reserve " Neuklosterholz " (code: NSG LÜ 323) on March 16, 2018 (date of the ordinance: March 5, 2018). The nature reserve includes the approximately 240 hectare FFH area of ​​the same name .

Others

The Kurhotel Paterborn with a hotel park, which had been built in 1885, was located at a crossroads in the Mühlenbachtal. The building was demolished in 1968.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rachel Wahba: Rediscover the Neukloster Forst , Hamburger Abendblatt , May 5, 2012. Accessed June 5, 2018.
  2. ↑ W4 Neukloster-Waldwanderweg Hiking in Buxtehude, Hanseatic City of Buxtehude. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  3. ↑ Fitness trail in Neukloster Forst , TSV Buxtehude-Altkloster from 1899 e. V. Accessed June 5, 2018.
  4. ^ New monastery , stone crosses and cross stones in Lower Saxony, atonement crosses & murder stones. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  5. ^ Buxtehude-Neukloster, German military cemetery in Neukloster Forst , Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge e. V. Accessed June 5, 2018.
  6. ^ Jewish cemetery in the Neukloster Forst , Evang.-luth. Church district Buxtehude. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  7. ↑ Our cemetery , parish of St. Marien Neukloster. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  8. ^ Buxtehude forest cemetery , Hanseatic city of Buxtehude. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  9. ↑ The 10 most beautiful cemeteries of the Bestattungen.de Award 2014 , bestattungen.de, GBV Gesellschaft für Bestattungen und Vorsorge mbH. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  10. ↑ Waldfriedhof Buxtehude , leaflet of the Hanseatic City of Buxtehude (PDF, 1.2 MB). Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  11. ↑ Knut Sierk: Friedwald - Buxtehude site is being expanded , Lower Saxony State Forests, October 19, 2018. Accessed May 20, 2019.
  12. ↑ Landscape protection area "Neukloster Forst" , protection area ordinance, administrative district Stade (PDF, 20.6 kB). Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  13. ^ "Neukloster Forst" landscape protection area , area map, district of Stade (PDF, 1.6 MB). Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  14. ↑ Ordinance on the “Neuklosterholz” nature reserve , Stade district, March 5, 2018 (PDF, 187 kB). Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  15. ↑ "Neuklosterholz" nature reserve, reserve map , district of Stade (PDF, 2.1 MB). Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  16. ↑ Neuklosterholz , profiles of the Natura 2000 areas, Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  17. ↑ FFH area Neuklosterholz , protected area map (PDF, 2.6 MB). Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  18. ↑ Björn Vasel: No trace of the “Paterborn” spa hotel in Neukloster , Tageblatt , August 2, 2017. Accessed June 5, 2018.