Nyima

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tibetan name
Tibetan script :
ཉི་མ་ རྫོང
Wylie transliteration :
nyi ma rdzong
Official transcription of the PRCh :
Nyima
THDL transcription :
Nyima
Other spellings:
-
Chinese name
Traditional :
尼瑪 縣
Simplified :
尼玛 县
Pinyin :
Nímǎ Xiàn
Location of Nyima (pink) in Nagqu (yellow) within Tibet (light gray)

Nyima ( Tibetan : ཉི་མ་ རྫོང , transcription after Wylie : nyi ma rdzong , also Nyima Dzong ) is the largest district of the Nagqu administrative district in the northeast of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China . The area used to belong to the Xainza district , it was not until August 1, 1983 that Nyima was established as an independent district.

Administrative structure

At the community level, the district consists of one large community and thirteen communities . These are (official spelling / Chinese):

Geography and climate

Nyima has an area of ​​72,499.4 km².

In the north of Nyima, the Kunlun Mountains with the Ulugh Muztagh (6973 m) in the extreme northeast and the Hoh-Xil Mountains form the border with Xinjiang ; in the south of the district lies the Gangdisê Mountains ("Transhimalaya"). The highest peaks in the district are the Zangse Gangri (6460 m) and the Jangngaida Rinag (6098 m). The area slopes from north to south and averages over 5,000 m above sea level.

There are numerous lakes in Nyima , including the Tangra Yutsho with an area of ​​816 km² at an altitude of 4535 m, the Ngangzi Tsho with 406 km² at an altitude of 4683 m and the Yibug Caka with around 100 km² at an altitude of 4557 m.

On average there is only 150 mm of precipitation per year. There is a continental high mountain climate. In the north of the district the temperatures do not rise above freezing point even in summer, in Mani the average August temperature is −5.7 °, the January temperature is −47.3 °. These extreme temperatures are due to air currents that are trapped on the plains and the mountains prevent the wake of warm air masses. However, the permafrost thaws due to the sun shining in. In the south of Nyima you can expect short but hot summers, the mean July temperature is 9.7 °, the January temperature is −14.3 °.

Mani (Nyima County)
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
0
 
-43
-52
 
 
0
 
-42
-50
 
 
0
 
-32
-39
 
 
0
 
-24
-32
 
 
10
 
-17
-25
 
 
22nd
 
-13
-19
 
 
23
 
-10
-15
 
 
26th
 
-5
-12
 
 
9
 
-11
-19
 
 
0
 
-22
-30
 
 
0
 
-37
-44
 
 
0
 
-42
-51
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source: www.wetteraktuel.org
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Mani (Nyima County)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) -43.3 -41.7 -32.4 -23.5 -17.2 -13.4 -9.7 -5.3 -11.2 -21.5 -36.9 -41.6 O −24.7
Min. Temperature (° C) -52.3 -49.8 -39.2 -31.6 -24.5 -18.9 -15.4 -11.7 -19.2 -30.3 -43.7 -51.1 O −32.2
Precipitation ( mm ) 0 0 0 0 10 22nd 23 26th 9 0 0 0 Σ 90
Rainy days ( d ) 0 0 0 0 5 12 14th 21st 3 0 0 0 Σ 55
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
-43.3
-52.3
-41.7
-49.8
-32.4
-39.2
-23.5
-31.6
-17.2
-24.5
-13.4
-18.9
-9.7
-15.4
-5.3
-11.7
-11.2
-19.2
-21.5
-30.3
-36.9
-43.7
-41.6
-51.1
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		0
0
0
0
10
22nd
23
26th
9
0
0
0
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

population

In 2003 Nyima had 34,309 inhabitants. Of these, 99.7% are Tibetans, 0.2% Han Chinese and 0.1% Mongols.

fauna

In Nyima live u. a. wild yaks , donkeys , chirus , bears and black-necked cranes .

Infrastructure

Before 1951 there were no roads in Nyima. Today the road from Nagqu to Sênggê Zangbo runs through the district so that it is connected to both the Qinghai -Tibet road and the Xinjiang-Tibet road.

economy

Nyima has gold , borax , potash , salt , copper and iron deposits . Nevertheless, pasture farming (especially yaks and Kashmiri sheep) is the livelihood of the population. Agriculture is only possible in the south of Nyima. a. Highland barley and rapeseed are grown.

literature

  • Xú Píng 徐 平 , Nàqǔ 那曲 (Nagqu) , Beijing, Wǔzhōu chuánbō chūbǎnshè 五洲 传播 出版社 2000, ISBN 7-80113-400-1 .
  • Guojia cèhuìjú diming yánjiūsuǒ 国家测绘局地名研究所 , Xizang diming 西藏地名 / bod ljongs sa ming བོད་ ལྗོངས་ ས་ མིང (Tibetan place names) , Beijing, Zhōngguó Zàngxué chūbǎnshè 中国藏学出版社 1995, ISBN 7-80057-284 -6 .

Web links

Coordinates: 34 ° 7 '  N , 87 ° 51'  E