Yushu
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Tibetan script :
ཡུས་ ཧྲུའུ་ བོད་ རིགས་ རང་སྐྱོང་ ཁུལ་
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Wylie transliteration : yus hru'u bod rigs rang skyong krig
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Official transcription of the PRCh : Yushu
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THDL transcription : Yushu
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Other spellings: -
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| Chinese name |
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Traditional :
玉樹 藏族 自治州
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Simplified :
玉树 藏族 自治州
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Pinyin : Yùshù Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu
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The Yushu Autonomous District ( Tibetan ཡུས་ ཧྲུའ ུ Wylie yus hru'u ) of the Tibetans is located in the southwest of the Chinese province of Qinghai and belongs to the Tibetan cultural region of Kham . Its administrative center is Kyegu Do Town (Jyekundo) in Yushu County. Yushu covers an area of 210,300 km², of which a considerable part (approx. 25%) is hostile to settlement. But also the populated areas are predominantly only usable in nomadic pasture management, so that the majority of the population lives widely spread over the area.
The 9th Penchen Lama Thubten Chökyi Nyima , who had fled the central Tibetan city of Xigazê in 1924 first to Inner Mongolia and then to Qinghai / Amdo for domestic political reasons, stayed in Yushu from 1936 in the hope of returning to Shigatse soon. where he died on December 1, 1937 in Jyekundo (Gyêgu) .
Population and economy
In the 2000 census, Yushu County had 262,661 inhabitants (population density: 1.39 inh / km²), while Yushu County had about 80,000. Due to the Chinese reporting system, which only includes Hukou households, it is easy to conceal the fact that the main town, the large community of Gyêgu alone, now has 50–80,000 inhabitants.
The majority of the residents of Yushu come from a nomadic background (Drokpa), as most of the district is over 4,000 meters high and can only be based on wandering grazing. Agriculture can only be found in the lower elevations of the Yushu, Chidu and Nangqên districts , while Gyêgu was one of the most important trading centers in Eastern Tibet in ancient times and is again today.
People groups in Yushu
The ethnic composition of the population in 2005 was as follows:
| Name of the people | Residents | proportion of |
|---|---|---|
| Tibetans | 288,829 | 97.25% |
| Han | 7,594 | 2.56% |
| Hui | 295 | 0.01% |
| Do | 138 | <0.01% |
| Salar | 64 | <0.01% |
| Mongols | 50 | <0.01% |
| Manchu | 22nd | <0.01% |
| Others | 12 | <0.01% |
This statistic shows only the registered population, not the temporary residents ( liudong renkou ), which are estimated at around 50,000 to 60,000 for the entire autonomous region.
Administrative structure
The autonomous district consists of a city and five districts . These are:
| Surname | Tibetan | Wylie | Chinese | Pinyin | Area (km²) | Population (2000) | main place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yushu | ཡུས་ ཧྲུའ ུ | yus hru'u | 玉树 市 | Yùshù Shì | 15,693 | 77,854 | Gyêgu (skye rgu mdo / Jiégǔ Zhèn 结 古镇 ) |
| Zadoi | རྫ་ སྟོད་ རྫོང | rdza stod rdzong | 杂 多 县 | Záduō Xiàn | 39683 | 38,654 | Qapugtang (bya phug thang / Sàhūténg Zhèn 萨 呼 腾 镇 ) |
| Chidu | ཁྲི་ འདུ་ རྫོང | khri 'du rdzong | 称 多 县 | Chēngduō Xiàn | 14,744 | 40.391 | Chuqung (gru chung / Zhōujūn Zhèn 周 均 镇 ) |
| Zhidoi | འབྲི་ སྟོད་ རྫོང | 'bri stod rdzong | 治 多 县 | Zhìduō Xiàn | 80,739 | 24,194 | Gyaijêpozhanggê (rgyal rje pho brang sked / Jiājíbóluògé Zhèn 加吉博洛格 镇 ) |
| Nangqên | ནང་ ཆེན་ རྫོང | nang chen rdzong | 囊 谦 县 | Nángqiān Xiàn | 12,337 | 57,387 | Xangda (shor mda '/ Xiāngdá Zhèn 香 达 镇 ) |
| Qumarlêb | ཆུ་ དམར་ ལེབ་ རྫོང | chu dmar leb rdzong | 曲 麻 莱 县 | Qǔmálái Xiàn | 47.104 | 24,181 | Yuegai (Yuēgǎi Zhèn 约 改 镇) |
Sources: the statistical yearbook 1950–1999 for area data
earthquake
On April 14, 2010 at 7:49 pm local time, a violent rocked earthquake of magnitude 7.1 on Richter region Yushu, which most of the city Kyego Do ( Gyegu destroyed) even Jyekundo. The quake claimed numerous victims.
See also
literature
- A. Gruschke: The Cultural Monuments of Tibet's Outer Provinces: Kham vol. 2 - The Qinghai Part of Kham (Yushu Autonomous Prefecture) , Bangkok 2005.
- Jörg Gertel, Andreas Gruschke, Ingo Breuer: Regionalization and Urbanization in Eastern Tibet . In: International Asia Forum , 40, 2009, No. 1-2, pp. 119-141.
Web links
- official website of Yushu
- Nomads Without Pastures? Globalization, Regionalization, and Livelihood Security of Nomads and Former Nomads in Northern Khams (PDF; 820 kB) In: Ken Bauer, Geoff Childs, Andrew Fischer, Daniel Winkler (eds.): In the Shadow of the Leaping Dragon: Demography, Development , and the Environment in Tibetan Areas . In: JIATS , 4 (December 2008).
Individual evidence
- ↑ There are hardly any two identical figures for the total area of the district, not even in different Chinese statistical yearbooks. The given area information is based on the statistical yearbooks of the district itself. (See Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Statistical Bureau 2000 and 2006)
- ↑ Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Statistical Bureau: Yushu Tongjiju Nianjian 2005 [Yushu Statistical Yearbook 2005], Yushu 2006
- ↑ Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Statistical Bureau: Yushu Zangzu zizhizhou tongjiju nianjian 2000 [Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Statistical Yearbook 1950–1999], Yushu 2000; P. 45
- ↑ Hundreds of dead after the quake in Tibet . ( Memento of April 17, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Courier
Coordinates: 34 ° 2 ′ N , 94 ° 25 ′ E