Olga Wohlbrück

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Olga Wohlbrück.jpg
Olga Wohlbrück 1898

Olga Wohlbrück (also Olga Wendland , born July 5, 1867 , presumably in Gainfarn , Austria-Hungary , † July 20, 1933 in Berlin ) was an Austro-German actress , director and writer . She is considered the first female film director in Germany.

Life

Olga Wohlbrück was the daughter of the Viennese sugar manufacturer Max W. Wohlbrück and Olga Wohlbrück née. Ussow, the cousin of the actor Adolf Wohlbrück , and the step-granddaughter of the Austrian politician Franz Schuselka . She spent most of her childhood and early youth in Russia . As a young girl she began to write short stories in German, French and Russian. In Kiev she attended the Russian girls' grammar school , where she passed her high school diploma at the age of 15 .

Like other members of her family before her, Olga Wohlbrück became interested in acting at an early age. After graduation, she moved to Paris for three years to live with her grandmother Ida Schuselka-Brüning, who worked at various theaters in Saint Petersburg before her marriage . Olga received her first acting lessons from her. The first engagement at the Théâtre National de l'Odéon followed in Paris in 1886 . A year later she married the writer Maximilian Bern in Paris , with whom she moved to Berlin in 1888 . The marriage was divorced in 1897. In early March 1900 she married the writer Leo Feld in Berlin , from whom she was divorced in 1903. She finally married the composer Waldemar Wendland in 1904 and temporarily called herself Olga Wendland .

In Berlin, Olga Wohlbrück gained further experience as a writer and worked temporarily as a cashier at the Belle Alliance Theater. However, she continued to work as an actress, including at the Free Volksbühne and the Royal Theater . Engagements and a. in Vienna, Saint Petersburg, Frankfurt am Main , Leipzig , Dresden , Breslau , Gdansk and Amsterdam .

During this time, Olga Wohlbrück also began working as a director at various Berlin theaters. Around 1910 she founded the private Figaro Theater in Berlin's Motzstrasse , where she also engaged the young Claire Waldoff , who celebrated her first successes here. In 1913, Olga Wohlbrück wrote her first screenplay , which she filmed herself in the same year: A girl to give away is the first verifiable German film that was directed by a woman. It was to be her only directing experience though. Also in 1913 she wrote the screenplay for the film Das Goldene Bett , directed by Walter Schmidthässler .

From this time on, Olga Wohlbrück was only active as a writer, continued to write scripts for the production companies Messter -Film , Vera-Filmwerke , Eiko-Film and Phoebus-Film and published novellas, plays and novels, some of which were also made into films. Olga Wohlbrück died on July 20, 1933 in Berlin and was buried in the Wilmersdorfer Waldfriedhof Stahnsdorf . Your literary estate is now managed by the German Literature Archive in Marbach.

Works (selection)

  • From three countries, novellist moral images , novellas, GJ Göschen'sche Verlagbuchhandlung , Stuttgart 1891
  • Carriere , Roman. Berlin: Verlag des Verein der Bücherfreunde, Berlin 1892
  • You should be a man! , Roman, Martin Maschler, Berlin 1908
  • The novel of the XII , Roman, together with m. Hanns Heinz Ewers , Hermann Bahr , Otto Julius Bierbaum , Otto Ernst , Herbert Eulenberg , Gustav Falke , Georg Hirschfeld , Felix Hollaender , Gustav Meyrink , Gabriele Reuter and Ernst von Wolhaben, Konrad W. Mecklenburg formerly Richter'scher Verlag, Berlin 1909 (reprint 1992 in Insel Verlag )
  • The Boyersen. New novellas , Grethlein & Co., Leipzig / Berlin / Frankfurt a. M. 1909
  • Iduna , novel, a story of longing. Leipzig, Berlin, Frankfurt a. M., Grethlein & Co., 1910. Completely revised 3rd edition ud T. Das kleine Glück. Novel. Berlin: Paul Franke Verlag, 1930. Further editions and reprints.
  • The golden bed , Roman, Martin Maschler, Berlin 1910
  • Councilor Leinius' daughter , novella, Wiking-Bücher Post & Obermüller, Leipzig 1910
  • Das kleine Glück , Roman, Grethlein & Co., Leipzig / Berlin / Frankfurt a. M. 1910
  • From the memoirs of Princess Arnulf Concordia Deutsche Verlags-Anst., Berlin 1912
  • The new race , Roman, Cotta'sche Verlagbuchhandlung , Stuttgart / Berlin 1912
  • Sunmut , Roman, Concordia, Berlin 1913
  • Barbarians ... , Roman, Gustav Großkopf, Berlin 1914
  • This is Russia , Otto Janke, Berlin 1915
  • The great throat , novel, August Scherl , Berlin 1915
  • The golden crown , Roman, Scherl, Berlin 1917
  • Romanticism , Roman, Scherl, Berlin 1918
  • Borowitzky Castle , Roman, Wiking-Bücher Hugo Wille, Leipzig undated [1918]
  • The Prima donna , Roman, Scherl, Berlin 1919
  • The king of Troplowitz , novel, Ullstein Verlag , Berlin 1920
  • Peter Sukoff: Opera in 3 Acts , 1920 (together with her husband Waldemar Wendland)
  • Athletes Roman, Ullstein, Berlin 1921
  • Before the act , Roman, Langenscheidt , Berlin 1922
  • The red embers , novel, Eysler & Co., Berlin 1923
  • Mr. and Mrs. Wiedemann , Roman, Wiking-Bücher, Bremen approx. 1925
  • The wife of the school teacher Tarnow , Roman, Hackebeil, Berlin 1926
  • The Sukoffs. A Siberian novel , Mitteldeutsche Verlagsanst, Halle 1927
  • The woman without a man novel, Paul Franke Verlag, Berlin around 1930

Filmography

  • 1913: A girl to be given away , screenplay and direction
  • 1913: The Golden Bed , screenplay
  • 1920: artist whims (also: the painter, love and the miss ), idea - Vera films
  • 1920: The Golden Crown, based on a novel
  • 1920: Berlin W., based on a novel
  • 1925: athletes, based on a novel

literature

  • Richard Wrede (ed.): Das Geistige Berlin , Storm, Berlin 1897
  • Bern, Olga . In: Sophie Pataky (Hrsg.): Lexicon of German women of the pen . Volume 1. Verlag Carl Pataky, Berlin 1898, p. 58 f. ( Digitized version ). - biography
  • Wohlbrück-Bern, Olga . In: Sophie Pataky (Hrsg.): Lexicon of German women of the pen . Volume 2. Verlag Carl Pataky, Berlin 1898, p. 447 f. ( Digitized version ). - works
  • Article Bern, Olga , in: Salomon Wininger : Große Jewish National-Biographie , Czernowitz 1925 ff., Vol. I, p. 338
  • Kurt Mühsam / Egon Jacobsohn: Lexikon des Films (1st edition), Lichtbildbühne, Berlin 1926
  • Reichs Handbuch - Biographien loose sheet collection, Federal Archives, Berlin (undated)
  • Gerhard Lüdtke (ed.): Nekrolog zu Kürschner's Literature Lexicon 1901-1935 , De Gruyter , Berlin / Leipzig 1936
  • Lexicon of women , Encyclios Verlag, Zurich 1953
  • Kurt Loup: The Wohlbrücks. A German theater family , Claassen, Düsseldorf 1975
  • Walther Killy (Ed.): Literaturlexikon , Bertelsmann, Gütersloh / Munich 1993
  • Petra Budke / Jutta Schulze: women writers in Berlin, 1871 to 1945. An encyclopedia on life and work. Orlando, Berlin 1995
  • Paul S. Ulrich: Biographical Directory for Theater, Dance and Music Berlin-Verlag (= CD-Rom), Berlin 1997
  • Gabriele Hansch, Gerlinde Waz: film pioneers in Germany. A contribution to film historiography Berlin 1998 (unpublished)

Web links

Commons : Olga Wohlbrück  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ANNO, Neue Freie Presse, 1900-03-06, page 4. Retrieved on June 14, 2019 .
  2. ^ Kurt Loup, Die Wohlbrücks: Eine deutsche Theaterfamilie, page 253.
  3. ↑ Kurt Loup, The Wohlbrücks: Eine deutsche Theaterfamilie, page 256.
  4. ↑ New Theater Almanach, Theater History Year and Address Book, 1899, p. 260.
personal data
SURNAME Wohlbrück, Olga
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-German actress, director and author
DATE OF BIRTH uncertain: July 5, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Gain fern
DATE OF DEATH July 20, 1933
Place of death Berlin