Ostrow
city
Ostrow
Остров
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List of cities in Russia |
Ostrow ( Russian О́стров , German "island") is a city in Russia in the Pskov Oblast with a population of 21,668 (as of October 14, 2010) . It is located 55 km south of Pskov , on the Velikaya River , which flows into Lake Peipus .
history
The place was first mentioned in 1342. At that time it was a fortress on an island (hence the name) in the Velikaya River. The location on the western border of the Russian principalities made the place a preferred target for foreign conquerors for centuries. In 1502 the fortress could not withstand a campaign by the Livonian Order and was then almost completely burned down and plundered. In addition, Ostrow was attacked several times by Polish interventions in the 16th century . It was not until 1582 that Tsarist Russia finally came to power .
In the following centuries Ostrow increasingly lost its importance as a fortress, and after the successful campaigns of Peter the Great at the beginning of the 18th century it was no longer a border town. The place gained a certain importance in the late 18th century as a trading center for flax . Ostrow received city status with the regional reform in 1777.
During the German attack in World War II , Ostrow was temporarily occupied by the Wehrmacht and was liberated again with the help of partisans , among other things . Some of them were captured and executed by the Germans, which is now a memorial in the city.
Population development
year | Residents |
---|---|
1897 | 6,268 |
1926 | 8.094 |
1939 | 12,849 |
1959 | 17,646 |
1970 | 22,369 |
1979 | 26,533 |
1989 | 29,060 |
2002 | 25,078 |
2010 | 21,688 |
Note: census data
Economy and Transport
In Ostrow the industry is only represented to a small extent, among other things by an electric motor plant and several food factories. Flax is still grown in the urban area.
Attractions
Among the buildings in the city, the chain bridge over the Velikaya River from the 1850s is particularly striking. It was built in 1851–53. Several historical church buildings have also been preserved, such as the Trinity Cathedral (1790).
military
The 15th Army Aviation Brigade has been stationed at the nearby Ostrow military airfield since 2013, and is equipped with Mi-28N , Ka-52 and Mi-35M combat helicopters and Mi-26 heavy transport helicopters .
sons and daughters of the town
- Oleg Belavenzew (* 1949), politician and vice admiral ret . D .; Hero of the Russian Federation
- Alexander Ivanov (* 1962), entrepreneur and art collector; Founder of the Fabergé Museum in Baden-Baden
- Mikhail Ivanov (* 1977), cross-country skier
- Michail Sjamjonau (* 1986), Belarusian cross-country skier and biathlete
Web links
- Ostrow in the online lexicon mojgorod.ru (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ http://german.ruvr.ru/2014_04_15/Russische-Hubschrauber-Insel-macht-die-Nato-nervos-4399/
- ↑ Белавенцев Олег Евгеньевич , warheroes.ru (Russian)