Pesterzsébet
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Pesterzsébet Pester Elisabethdorf XX. Budapest district |
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| Basic data | |||
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| State : | Hungary | ||
| Region : | Central Hungary | ||
| County : | Budapest | ||
| Coordinates : | 47 ° 26 ' N , 19 ° 6' E | ||
| Area : | 12.18 km² | ||
| Residents : | 63,707 (Jan. 1, 2011) | ||
| Population density : | 5,230 inhabitants per km² | ||
| Postal code : | 1201-1205 | ||
| KSH kódja: | 06026 | ||
| Structure and administration (status: 2014) | |||
| Community type : | district | ||
| Structure : | Districts
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| Mayor : | Ákos Szabados ( MSZP ) | ||
| Postal address : | Kossuth tér 1 1201 Budapest |
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| Website : | |||
| (Source: A Magyar Köztársaság helységnévkönyve 2011. január 1st at Központi statisztikai hivatal ) | |||
Pesterzsébet ( German : Pester Elisabethdorf , also Pestelisabeth ) is the name of the twentieth district (20th district) in Budapest . It is located in the southern part of Pest on the Danube. Pesterzsébet mainly consists of residential buildings. Economically, the district is of minor importance. An important facility is the Ferénc-Jahn Hospital, also popularly known as the dél-pesti ("South Pest") hospital.
Location and dates
In the north-west, Pesterzsébet is delimited from the neighboring district of Ferencváros by the Határ út . In the northeast, the M5 motorway forms the dividing line from Kispest . The 23rd district ( Soroksár ) is the southern neighbor. In the west, on the opposite bank of the Danube, whose branch there is called Ráckever or Soroksár Danube, is the 21st district ( Csepel ) on the island of the same name, Csepel . The two parts of the city are connected with the Gubacsi Bridge .
The 20th district is divided into the districts of Gubacsipuszta , Kossuthfalva , Pacsirtatelep , Pesterzsébet and Pesterzsébet-Szabótelep .
With a share of 2.3% of the total area of the city, Pesterzsébet is 17th of the 23 districts. In terms of population, the district is in 14th place. In 2003, 33,500 people were employed. The number of retirees was 8,800.
traffic
As a residential area, Pesterzsébet is characterized by a quiet traffic situation. The main roads Soroksári út in the north-west, the M5 in the north-east and Határ út direct traffic past the smaller streets of the district. From the south, the 20th district can be reached with the Ráckever HÉV or the Kiskunhalas - Kelebia railway line . Both lines end in the center of the district.
history
The history of Pesterzsébet begins with its foundation in 1870. The settlement was named after Empress Elisabeth of Austria (or Queen Elisabeth of Hungary). In 1897 it received the rank of a large municipality ( nagyközség ). At the time of the Hungarian Soviet Republic (March 21, 1918 to August 6, 1919) it was renamed Leninstadt. It only got its old name back in 1924 when it was given the rank of town. Another name change to Pestszenterzsébet took place in 1932 on the 700th anniversary of the death of St. Elisabeth of Thuringia . The communist government of Rákosis revised this change on January 1, 1950. With the incorporation of Soroksár, Pesterzsébet became part of the capital on this date. In the course of the collapse of the regime and the reorganization of the administration, the district was renamed Pestszenterzsébet again in 1990 . Two years later, in a referendum, the secession of Soroksár was initiated as a separate district. In 1994 this was realized when the 23rd district was founded. The 21st district has been called Pesterzsébet for the third time since 1999 .
Monuments
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The old houses in the center were largely destroyed in the 1970s and 1980s. Modern residential areas were built in their place. One of the preserved monuments is the Segítő Mária (“Helping Mary”) chapel from the end of the 18th century, built in plait style . On Szent Erzsébet tér there is a pleban church from 1906. The frescoes are by Sándor Nagy , a well-known representative of the Gödöllő school . The Anyák szobra ("Statue of the Mothers") from 1933 is still located on the same square . The town hall, built between 1905 and 1906, is a protected architectural monument. After the Second World War it was only partially rebuilt. The two towers, the roof decorations and the clock are missing. In front of the building is the first statue of Lajos Kossuth by the artists János Horvay and Richárd Füredi to be erected in Budapest . The old market hall from 1925 is also important. The building of the former Pflum cinema, which is now used as a commercial building, is also protected . There is also a memorial stone for the namesake Queen Elisabeth, as well as a statue in memory of the patron saint Elisabeth of Thuringia.
The appearance of the district has changed since 2000. A park has been created next to the town hall, where a statue of Sándor Petőfi found its place. At Helsinki út , a Székelykapu (" Szekler Gate"), an ornate wooden gate in a traditional style, was set up together with a partner town . Next to it is a historic flag that reminds of the Treaty of Trianon . In the Kossuth Lajos utca (popularly sétáló utca , dt. " Promenade ") roof coverings and park benches were exchanged. A fountain was built near the pawn shop . In the same street there is also a statue of Queen Elizabeth, shown with a dog. The facade of the town hall was also renewed and a carillon was attached to it. The church in Kossuth Lajos utca has also been restored. Since November 2006 there is another Kossuth statue in the center of the district. In October 2006, an ice rink was opened in the residential area of Gubacsi .
Attractions
Next to the bridge to Csepel, which is also known simply as átjáró ("transition"), there is the only thermal bath with iodine-containing salt water in Hungary. There are two wells, one of which has 43 ° C water from a depth of 644 m. The well with salty, 15 ° C warm water is fed from a depth of 112 m. In addition to the thermal bath, an outdoor swimming pool was built, which has been closed for several years for economic reasons. Boathouses are lined up south of the bath. There is a center for water sports with several sports clubs.
The Bocsák Villa, built in the neo-Gothic and eclectic style, now houses the Pesterzsébet Museum . The city's art collection can be viewed in the Imre Gaál Gallery, where temporary exhibitions are also held.
Culture
- László Lajtha Art School ( Lajtha László Művészeti Iskola )
- Csili cultural center
- The free newspaper Pesterzsébet has been published monthly since 1979. It is published by the local self-government and provides information on social, cultural and local political events.
Twin cities
See also
literature
- Pestszenterzsébet , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , p. 581
Web links
- The Lutheran "Peace Church" in Pesterzsébet. Budapest City Protection Association - Working Group for Church History, accessed on October 30, 2008 (German).