Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern

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Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern
Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern.jpg
Exterior view of the Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern (2013)
Data
place Kaiserslautern
Art
Art museum
architect Karl Sparrow
opening 1874
Website
ISIL DE-MUS-071418

The Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern is an art museum in Kaiserslautern . It was founded in 1874 on the initiative of the Palatinate District President Paul von Braun by Karl Spatz as a trade museum or seat of the Royal District Building Trade School and built from 1875 to 1880.

His current job is to maintain and present paintings and sculptures from the 19th to the 21st century. The museum also has an extensive graphic collection. It is sponsored by the Palatinate District Association . The house is located in the center of Kaiserslautern, not far from the town hall.

History of the house

The old entrance hall, around 1900
Max Slevogt: The Slevogt family in the garden of Godramstein

In order to ensure the training of high-quality skilled workers for building and handicrafts in the part of the Kingdom of Bavaria on the left bank of the Rhine and far from the state center , the government founded a building trade school there in 1874, based in Kaiserslautern , which was centrally located in the Palatinate region. The institute was based on the Munich building trade school, which was founded in 1823 . At the same time, the "Palatinate Trade Museum" was founded for the exhibition of historical and new products of the Palatinate handicrafts. District President Paul von Braun promoted the projects sustainably; The director of both institutions was the architect Karl Spatz (1845–1907), who also designed the building in which both were to be located, today's Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern . It was built between 1875 and 1880 in the neo-renaissance style. The building trade school occupied the ground floor, the museum was upstairs. Inside there were representative rooms with splendid furnishings. The entrance hall with its porphyry columns was particularly famous, as was the large ballroom, known as the “King's Hall” , on the upper floor. The interior was largely decorated with frescoes and decorative paintings. Janez Šubic (1850–1889), one of the most famous painters in Slovenia and from 1884 to 1889 teacher of decorative arts at the Royal District Building Trade School in Kaiserslautern, was one of the executives, as was Jakob Rumetsch from Speyer , also a teacher at the building trade school in Kaiserslautern also painted the Munzinger villa .

Due to a lack of space, the district building trade school moved into a newly built school building behind the Pfalzgalerie in 1897 and left it entirely to the “Palatinate Trade Museum” . Both buildings were destroyed by the war in 1944 and only the Pfalzgalerie was rebuilt. The interior of the building was lost.

Today the Palatinate Gallery is an art museum, but also shows handicrafts in the sense of the old Palatinate Trade Museum from which it emerged. Britta E. Buhlmann has been director of the Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern since 1994 . 225,600 visitors came to the museum in 2017.

collection

The Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern shows in the permanent exhibition rooms on the second floor art-historically significant exhibits ( painting and sculpture as well as handicrafts with furniture , glass, porcelain and goldsmith's work ) from the 15th century to the present. The 19th to the 21st century has a special focus (including a foundation from 1903 by the Munich court counselor Josef Benzino from Landstuhl with works of romantic-realistic painting from the 19th century Munich school). The rooms are divided partly according to thematic and partly according to chronological aspects.

The holdings of the painting and sculpture collection include masterpieces of German impressionism by Max Liebermann , Lovis Corinth and Max Slevogt , expressionism by Max Beckmann , Ernst Ludwig Kirchner , Erich Heckel , Max Pechstein and Hermann Scherer as well as works by Arnold Böcklin and Anselm Feuerbach , Carl Spitzweg , Wilhelm Lehmbruck , Hans Purrmann , Albert Weisgerber , Johann Wilhelm Schirmer and Albert Carrier-Belleuse . A separate room is dedicated to Max Slevogt, in which major works from various creative phases are shown, including his representative family portrait .

The New Objectivity is u. a. represented with portraits by Otto Dix and Alexander Kanoldt . Art after 1945 is represented by works by Ernst Wilhelm Nay , Willi Baumeister , Antoni Tàpies and Fritz Winter as well as Hans Arp and Lucio Fontana . Contemporary works include those by Georg Baselitz , Franz Bernhard , Eberhard Bosslet , Leiko Ikemura , Kiki Smith , Andrea Zaumseil , Camill Leberer , Andreas Bee , Martin Noel , Michael Burges , Jerry Zeniuk , Erik Levine or Richard Serra as well as Remy Zaugg . Hans Purrmann , Ludwig Fellner and Otto Dill will be presented at important Palatinate artists .

The sculpture Berlin by the Dutch artist Lon Pennock has stood in front of the museum building since 2018 . The work specially created for this location was acquired with the support of the Dutch foundation DutchArtWorks . It is the artist's second sculpture that is permanently installed in Kaiserslautern.

Exhibited works

Exhibitions (selection)

Work information

Käthe Kollwitz, Pietà, 1937, bronze, 38 × 27 × 40 cm
Hermann Scherer, The Little Girl, 1924/25, painted pine, 76 × 38 × 40.5 cm

Käthe Kollwitz, Pietà, 1937

Käthe Kollwitz (1867–1945) is considered one of the most important sculptors of German art of the 20th century. In “Pietà” from 1937 the artist deals with the death of her son Peter, who died in Flanders in the First World War.

Unknown master, Pietà, 16th century

The "Pietà" carved from root wood and linden is a classic representation of the motif that has been widespread since the early 14th century. The 16th century sculpture shows a seated Mary with her head tilted slightly to the right. She holds the slumped body of Christ on her lap.

The designation of this figure constellation as "Pietà" comes from the Italian and is also known as "Vesperbild" in German usage. The best-known representative of the Pietà is the group of figures by Michelangelo, to be seen in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.

Hermann Scherer, The Little Girl, 1924/25

With his wooden sculptures, Hermann Scherer , who died in 1927 at the age of 34, is one of the most important representatives of expressive sculpture and is on a par with Ernst Barlach, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and Wilhelm Lehmbruck. “The little girl” made of Swiss stone pine from 1924/25 in the Museum Pfalzgalerie is carved directly from the trunk in taille directe . The two-figure group has a distinctive, compact shape and balanced composition that is very emotional and expressive. Since the early 1920s, Scherer depicted the naked body as the epitome of the defenselessness of human existence in order to express fear and distress.

Ossip Zadkine, Tenderesse Maternelle, 1967

“Anyone can copy nature, I want to put it on its own!” This quote by the artist Ossip Zadkine clearly shows where the sculptor gets his suggestions from and also what is important for him in the design of his works. The exemplary nature of “nature”, in the case of the sculpture of the month it is human figures, is changed and further developed; Art movements such as Cubism and Surrealism are recognizable, but Zadkine has found his own artistic expression, which is clearly reflected in this late work.

Otto Kallenbach, mother with child, 1969

Otto Kallenbach (1911–1992) trained as a stonemason from 1925 to 1929 right behind what is now the Museum Pfalzgalerie. At the Kaiserslautern master school for craftsmen, he learned the basics on which he built his later sculptures. He went to an apprenticeship at the Academy for Applied Arts in Munich. After his military service in World War II, he became a teacher and head of stone carving himself there in 1946. Until he returned to his hometown Trippstadt as a freelance artist in 1975, his artistic work developed in a variety of ways. His sculptures are not only made of bronze, but were also made of brass, sandstone or marble. From the latter he also suggested the focus on “mother with child”.

Otto Dix, preliminary drawing for the portrait of the banker Kurt Arnhold, 1927

The portrait of the banker and art patron Kurt Arnhold is one of the most important commissioned works by bourgeois art collectors that Otto Dix created in the 1920s. The artist captures Arnhold's personality with a psychological feel and perfection of the old masters. The profound character drawing is paired with a relentless realism, which is why Otto Dix in Berlin was not only a coveted, but also a feared portrait painter of his time. In addition to the painting, the MPK also has a preliminary drawing based on the model, which illustrates the artistic work method.

Otto Dix was born in Thuringia in 1891 and, after completing an apprenticeship as a decorative painter, attended the arts and crafts school in Dresden until 1922, interrupted by his war deployment from 1914 to 1918. He recorded his experiences as a soldier at the front in numerous realistic, critical drawings that were decisive for his artistic development. After a few years of study at the Düsseldorf Academy and trips to Italy, Otto Dix settled as a freelance artist in Berlin. From 1927 on he taught at the Dresden Academy. As a leading exponent of New Objectivity, he was part of the artistic avant-garde. However, his technique, his painterly perfection and his precise manner of depiction also corresponded to the conservative values ​​that were important to the Arnhold family as clients.

Support association

The Friends of the Museum Pfalzgalerie eV , founded in 1981, supports the Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern in an ideal and material way. Its tasks include safeguarding the museum's existence, supporting the expansion of the collection and its scientific processing, as well as corresponding public relations work. With his help, Robert Schad bought the sculpture Pnog in 2005 and handed it over to the museum. In addition, information on the museum's activities is regularly compiled and invited to studio visits and special events (lecture series, etc.).

Events

The Museum Pfalzgalerie offers programs with events accompanying the exhibition (e.g. the KUNST (early) STÜCK series) such as concerts, readings, open afternoons for artists, performances, guided tours, film screenings, lectures, discussions, children's painting school, children's gallery and youth art Meet up. At regular intervals there is also a public consultation with the appraisal of paintings, graphics and sculptures.

literature

  • Heinz Höfchen: ALL THE BEST - 100 years of the graphic collection in the Museum Pfalzgalerie inventory catalogs of the graphic collection VOLUME XIV, 2019, ISBN 978-3-89422-226-0
  • Heinz Höfchen: French graphics 19th and 20th centuries - Ecole de Paris. Inventory catalog of the graphic collection, volume III. 1989, ISBN 3-89422-002-3 .
  • Heinz Höfchen: Graphics of German Expressionism. Inventory catalog of the graphic collection, Volume II. 1986, ISBN 978-3-89422-009-9 .
  • Heinz Höfchen: Informal and expressive-abstract graphics from the 50s and 60s. Inventory catalog of the graphic collection, Volume IV, 1993, ISBN 3-89422-056-2 .
  • Heinz Höfchen: Graphics of the New Objectivity. Inventory catalogs of the graphic collection. 2005, ISBN 3-89422-132-1 .
  • Heinz Höfchen: Constructive and concrete graphics - geometrizing tendencies of the 20s. Inventory catalog of the graphic collection, volume VI. 1995, ISBN 3-89422-083-X .
  • Hans Purrmann: watercolors, drawings, prints. Inventory catalog of the graphic collection, Volume VII. 1996, ISBN 3-89422-091-0 .
  • Britta E. Buhlmann (Ed.): Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern: Handbook of the arts and crafts collection. 2005, ISBN 3-89422-134-8 .
  • Heinz Höfchen: New acquisitions of the Pfalzgalerie 1994–1998 - painting, graphics, sculpture. 1998, ISBN 3-89422-100-3 .
  • Christiane Höller: tin. Inventory catalog of the arts and crafts collection, Volume I. 1991, ISBN 3-89422-043-0 .
  • Claudia Luxbacher: Hofrat Joseph Benzino - collection of paintings. Inventory catalog, Volume I. 2002, ISBN 3-89422-120-8 .
  • Gisela Fiedler-Bender, Heinz Höfchen, Wolfgang Stolte: Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern (museum). Westermann, Braunschweig 1992.
  • Werner Bauer: The art of arranging the light. Small writings of the Pfalzgalerie, Volume XV. 1991, ISBN 3-89422-042-2 .
  • Britta E. Buhlmann, Annette Reich: EVA JOSPIN - WALD (T) RÄUME , 2019, ISBN 978-3-89422-224-6 .
  • Britta E. Buhlmann, Otto Hübner, Annette Reich: Pollock the Elder - Master of Color , 2017, ISBN 978-3-89422-211-6 .

Web links

Commons : Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Website on the history of the Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern
  2. ↑ Anica Cevc, Emiljan Cevc: Slovenian Impressionists and their precursors from the National Gallery in Ljubljana , p 97, exhibition catalog, Austrian Gallery Belvedere, Vienna, 1979; (Detail scan)
  3. ^ Joachim Glatz: Medieval wall painting in the Palatinate and in Rheinhessen , self-published by the Society for Middle Rhine Church History, 1981, p. 68; (Detail scan)
  4. ↑ Dr. Britta E. Buhlmann will be 60 , online article on the website of the District Association of the Palatinate
  5. ↑ Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern presents stable visitor numbers for 2018, DIE RHEINFALZ, January 22, 2019, [1]
  6. ↑ Lon Pennock. www.mpk.de, accessed on April 6, 2019 .
  7. ↑ Jens Vollmer: Inauguration of the outdoor sculpture "Berlin" by Lon Pennock in front of the MPK. Black steel in front of a sandstone facade. In: www.wochenblatt-reporter.de. April 5, 2019, accessed April 6, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Thomas Brummet - Christiane Conrad. In: kunstaspekte.art. Retrieved January 20, 2018 .
  9. ↑ Thomas Brummett - Exhibitions. In: www.galerie-karsten-greve.de. Retrieved January 20, 2018 .
  10. ↑ Mysterious intermediate worlds . Museum Pfalzgalerie Kaiserslautern, accessed on October 21, 2018 .
  11. ↑ https://www.rheinpfalz.de/lokal/kaiserslautern/artikel/kaiserslautern-150-kunstfruehstueck-wird-zum-spaetfruehstueck/?tx_rhpnews_shownews [reduced] = true

Coordinates: 49 ° 26 ′ 57.1 ″  N , 7 ° 46 ′ 9 ″  E