Phoebe (genus)
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Phoebe is a genus of plants withinthe laurel family (Lauraceae). The approximately 100 species are distributed in tropical and subtropical Asia.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Phoebe species are evergreen shrubs or trees . The leaves are alternate. The simple leaf blades are pinnate . There are no stipules .
Generative characteristics
The flowers are grouped in branched inflorescences . The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. There are two circles, each with three bracts , all of which are the same or the outer ones are slightly shorter than the inner ones. After fading, the bracts become leathery or woody. There are three circles with three fertile stamens each; the outer two circles without, the inner with two glands. There are also staminodes present. The ovary is egg-shaped to spherical. The scar is head-shaped or bowl-shaped.
The fruits, which are covered by the enlarged bracts, are usually egg-shaped to spherical.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Phoebe was established in 1836 by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck in Systema Laurinarum , p. 98. Phoebe lanceolata (Nees) Nees was established as the lectotype species in 1952 . The botanical genus name Phoebe is derived from the Greek word φοιβος phoibos , which means "bright, pure" or "the bright, the shining".
The genus Phoebe distributed in tropical and subtropical Asia. 35 species occur in China , 27 of them only there. The Chinese species have the common name楠 属 "nan shu" in the local language .
There are around 100 species in the genus Phoebe (selection):
- Phoebe angustifolia Meisner : The range extends from India via Myanmar to Vietnam and southeastern Yunnan.
- Phoebe attenuata (Nees) Nees
- Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) YCYang : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Fujian , Guangdong , Guangxi , Guizhou , Hainan , Hubei and Jiangxi .
- Phoebe brachythyrsa H.W.Li : It thrives in the thicket of lowland hills in northeastern Yunnan.
- Phoebe calcarea S.K. Lee & FNWei : It thrives in mixed laurel forests on limestone hills in Guangxi provinces and southern Guizhou.
- Phoebe cathia (Buch.-Ham. Ex D.Don) Kosterm.
- Phoebe chekiangensis C.B.Shang : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Fujian, Jiangxi and Zhejiang .
- Phoebe chinensis Chun : It iswidespreadin the Chinese provinces of Gansu , Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi , Sichuan , Yunnan and Tibet .
- Phoebe crassipedicella S.K. Lee & FNWei : It thrives in mixed laurel forests on limestone hills in Guangxi provinces and southern Guizhou.
- Phoebe faberi (Hemsl.) Chun : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Yunnan.
- Phoebe formosana (Hayata) Hayata : It is common in China and Taiwan.
- Phoebe forrestii W.W.Smith : It occurs in Tibet and Yunnan.
- Phoebe glaucifolia S.K. Lee & FNWei : It occurs in Tibet and Yunnan.
- Phoebe glaucophylla H.W.Li : It thrives in mixed forests on limestone hills at altitudes between 900 and 1200 meters in southeastern Yunnan .
- Phoebe hainanensis Merrill : This rare species grows in mixed forests only in Hainan .
- Phoebe hui W.C.Cheng ex YenC.Yang : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Shaanxi, Sichuan and Yunnan.
- Phoebe hunanensis Hand.-Mazz. : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Shaanxi.
- Phoebe hungmoensis S.Lee : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi and Hainan and in Vietnam.
- Phoebe kwangsiensis H.Liu : It thrives in mixed forests along rivers on limestone hills at altitudes between 700 and 1000 meters in northwestern Guangxi and southwestern Guizhou.
- Phoebe lanceolata (Nees) Nees : It is common in India, Nepal, Bhutan, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Yunnan.
- Phoebe legendrei Lecomte : The home is Sichuan and Yunnan.
- Phoebe lichuanensis S.K. Lee : It only thrives in mixed forests in mountain valleys at altitudes of around 700 meters in southwestern Hubei .
- Phoebe macrocarpa C.Y.Wu : Home is Yunnan and North Vietnam .
- Phoebe megacalyx H.W.Li : The homeland is Yunnan and North Vietnam.
- Phoebe microphylla H.W.Li : It only thrives in open forests in mountain valleys at altitudes between 400 and 1800 meters in southeastern Yunnan.
- Phoebe minutiflora H.W.Li : The homeland is Yunnan.
- Phoebe motuonan S.K. Lee & FNWei : It occurs in Tibet.
- Phoebe neurantha (Hemsl.) Gamble : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Yunnan.
- Phoebe neuranthoides S.K. Lee & FNWei : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi and Sichuan.
- Phoebe nigrifolia S.K. Lee & FNWei : The home is southwest Guangxi.
- Phoebe puwenensis Cheng : The home is only southern Yunnan.
- Phoebe rufescens H.W.Li : The only homeland is southwestern Yunnan.
- Phoebe sheareri (Hemsl.) Gamble : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Zhejiang and in Vietnam .
- Phoebe tavoyana (Meissn.) Hook. f. : It is common in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and in the Chinese provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Yunnan.
- Phoebe yaiensis S.K.Lee : It is common in Vietnam and the Chinese provinces of Guangxi and Hainan.
- Phoebe yunnanensis H.W.Li : The homeland is only western Yunnan.
- Phoebe zhennan S. Lee & FNWei : It is common in the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, Hubei and Sichuan.
Today only Asian species belong to this genus. For example, no longer belongs to the genus:
- Phoebe elongata Nees → Cinnamomum elongatum (Nees) Kosterm.
- Phoebe mexicana Meisn. → Cinnamodendron cinnamomifolium (Kunth) Kosterm. (Canellaceae)
- Phoebe nanmu (Oliv.) Gamble → Machilus nanmu (Oliv.) Hemsl. or Persea nanmu Oliv.
- Phoebe pallida (Nees) Nees → Persea pallida (Nees) Oliv.
- Phoebe porosa (Nees & Mart.) Mez → Ocotea porosa (Nees & Mart.) Barroso
- Phoebe porphyria (Griseb.) Mez → Cinnamomum porphyrium (Griseb.) Kosterm.
swell
literature
- Fa-Nan Wei, Henk van der Werff: Phoebe , p. 189 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 7 - Menispermaceae through Capparaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2008, ISBN 978-1-930723-81-8 . (Sections Description, Systematics and Distribution)
Individual evidence
- ^ Phoebe at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed October 23, 2015.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Fa-Nan Wei & Henk van der Werff: Phoebe Nees - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 7: Lauraceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2010.
- ↑ a b c d e Phoebe in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 23, 2015.
Web links
- Phoebe at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- Search for "Phoebe" on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species .
Map with all linked sites: