Polanowice (Byczyna)

Polanowice Polanowitz
Help on coat of arms	Polanowice Polanowitz
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Opole
Powiat :	Kluczbork
Gmina :	Byczyna
Geographic location :	51 ° 6 '  N , 18 ° 11'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 6 '20 "  N , 18 ° 10' 51"  E
Residents :	489 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	46-220
Telephone code :	(+48) 77
License plate :	OKL
Economy and Transport
Next international airport :	Wroclaw

Polanowice ( German Polanowitz , 1936-1945 Kornfelde ) is a place of Gmina Byczyna in the Opole Voivodeship in Poland .

geography

Geographical location

Polanowice is located in the northwestern part of Upper Silesia in the Kreuzburger Land. The village of Polanowice is located about two kilometers southwest of the Byczyna municipality , about 19 kilometers northwest of the district town of Kluczbork and about 64 kilometers northeast of the voivodeship capital Opole .

Districts

The colony Brzózki ( Colony Birkenfeld ) to the southwest belongs to Polanowice .

Neighboring places

Neighboring towns of Polanowice are in the north Ciecierzyn ( Neudorf ), in the east the municipality seat Byczyna ( Pitschen ), in the south Biskupice ( Bischdorf ) and Kochłowice ( Kochelsdorf ) and in the west Proślice ( Proschlitz ).

history

Lithograph by Polanowitz from 1901

Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary

The village is first mentioned in 1405 as Polenwicz . The Slavic name Polanowice means hunting district .

The village was devastated during the Battle of Pitschen in 1588. After the destruction, a wooden village church was built in the same year.

In 1841 a school building was built in the village. In 1845 there was a Protestant church, a Protestant school, a distillery and a further 74 houses in the village. In the same year, 533 people lived in Polanowitz, two of them Catholic and ten of them Jewish. In 1861, 646 people lived in Polanowitz. In 1872 a castle was built in the village. In 1874 the Polanowitz district was founded. The road to Proschlitz was laid between 1890 and 1891 .

In 1911 the Polanowitz Castle was demolished and replaced by a new one. From then on it served as the residence of the Rudolphi family . A stone church was built between 1912 and 1913. In 1927 a new school building is built. In 1933, 655 people lived in Polanowitz. On May 27, 1936, the village was renamed Kornfelde . In 1939 the village had 650 inhabitants. Until 1945 the village belonged to the Kreuzburg OS district

As a result of the Second World War, Polanowitz fell under Polish administration in 1945, like most of Silesia . Subsequently, the place was renamed Polanowice and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. In 1950 it was incorporated into the Opole Voivodeship. In 1999 the place came to the newly founded Powiat Kluczborski ( Kreuzburg district ).

Attractions

• The Roman Catholic Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary (Polish: Kościół Nawiedzenia Najświętszej Maryi Panny ) was built between 1912 and 1913 in place of a previous wooden building. The church was built in the neo-Gothic style on a rectangular floor plan. On the west side there is a bell tower with a square floor plan and a pyramid roof. The building served as a Protestant church until 1945. A bell originally from the 15th century was melted down during World War II. In addition, a stone fence around the site that came from the previous building has been preserved. The church and the stone wall have been a listed building since 2009.
• The Polanowitz Castle was built in the 1911th The previous building from 1872 was demolished beforehand. The Rudolphi family lived in the castle between 1911 and 1945. After 1945 a school was established in the castle. In 1981 the building partially burned down and was not rebuilt until 1989. The castle was rebuilt in simple forms. It still serves as a school today.
• There are still numerous graves from German times in the cemetery .

Web links

Commons : Polanowice (Byczyna)  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on January 27, 2019
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 501.
3. ^ Heinrich Adamy : The Silesian place names, their origin and meaning - A picture from prehistory , Breslau, Priebatsch, 1889, p. 72
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Heimatkreisverband - Kreis Kreuzburg OS ( Memento from June 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
5. ↑ ^{a b} Polanowitz Castle
6. ^ Territorial district of Polanowitz
7. ^ Administrative history - Kreis Kreuzburg OS ( Memento from September 3, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
8. ↑ History of the Polanowice Church (Polish)
9. ↑ List of Monuments of the Opole Voivodeship p. 40 (Polish)