Zusendorf

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Zusendorf
Large district town of Pirna
Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 59 ″  N , 13 ° 54 ′ 52 ″  E
Residents : 162  (December 31, 2011)
Incorporation : September 1, 1923
Postal code : 01796
Area code : 03501
Zusendorf on the Oberreitschen map from 1821
View from the south of the place
Country castle and church
West wing of the castle
Detail in the palace garden
View of the court mill

Zusendorf has been a district of Pirna since 1923 and is located in the Seidewitz valley ( district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains ).

history

The origin of the village, first mentioned in 1378 as Zcutschendorf (according to other sources Zeutschendorf ), probably goes back to a castle that existed here since the 11th century. In 1403, Zusendorf is mentioned as a Vorwerk ( manor ). The village itself developed as a manor village with a few settlements of houses, but remained modest in its growth. In 1548 only 9 residents were counted in " Czuschendorff ".

In 1813, during the Wars of Liberation , Zusendorf was badly damaged. Marauding troops marching through dragged away all the cattle and the inhabitants fled their homes. The rebuilding of the manor and the restoration of a functioning management did not take place until after 1832 under the new manor owner Karl Heinrich Schulz. In 1834, Beimendorf only had 22 houses, 1 school and a total of 163 residents.

The population only started to grow when the expansion of the traffic routes made it possible for the inhabitants, who until then had mainly lived from agriculture, to use the industrial jobs in nearby Pirna at the end of the 19th century. The route to Niederseidewitz was expanded as early as 1821, the Seidewitztalstrasse to Liebstadt was built in 1871/72, and in 1894, the Zehista stop was connected to the Pirna – Großcotta railway line (from 1957 passenger and 1963 freight traffic, finally closed in 1999).

The construction of the new roads and the railway line in 1911 favored the new construction of the “Zum Lindental” inn. The first pub had existed in Beimendorf since 1727.

The growth of Pirnas like Zusendorf finally led to the incorporation of the former Gutsdorf into Pirna on September 1st, 1923 . At that time, Zusendorf had about 370 inhabitants. It is interesting to note that Zehista, located between Pirna and Beimendorf, only became part of Pirna seven years later. Today the majority of the population find work and income in Pirna or other places in the Dresden metropolitan area .

Development of the population

  • 1548: 9 residents
  • 1764: 10 gardeners and 12 cottagers
  • 1816: 128 consumers in 22 houses
  • 1834: 163 inhabitants in 22 houses
  • 1871: 194 inhabitants
  • 1890: 280 inhabitants
  • 1910: 346 inhabitants
  • 1925: 397 inhabitants
  • 2004: 177 inhabitants
  • 2010: 155 inhabitants

Castle Verschendorf

The most remarkable building in Beimendorf is the country palace, which goes back to a castle built in the 11th century or a manor that developed from it. In 1403, Margrave Wilhelm I gave this manor to Kunigunde von Carlowitz as a fief . Then, until 1695, Zusendorf was the oldest ancestral home of the von Carlowitz family . Hans von Carlowitz built both the two-winged Renaissance castle in 1553 and the immediately adjacent hall church in 1560. However, this was rebuilt in 1680/82. The lordship gallery was given direct access to the castle that has been preserved to this day. Inside the church there are baroque paintings , a winged altar by Heinrich Göding , a pupil of Lucas Cranach the Elder. J. and a sermon clock .

In addition to the church, the castle was also repeatedly redesigned, as the property changed hands frequently after the von Carlowitz 'sold it in 1695. Until it was acquired by Heinrich von Bünau (1739), there were six changes of ownership within a few years. Since the castle was badly damaged in the Seven Years' War , the von Bünaus were also forced to resell in 1760. Already in the following decades, the castle and economy began to slowly decline, which was supported by further damage during the wars of liberation and continued changes of ownership.

After the Second World War , some outbuildings were demolished. During the GDR era, the building complex had variable uses, including as a kindergarten and a warehouse complex. In the 1970s, the Commercial Coordination planned to set up a sales center for the notorious antique trade. The pertinent plans were not implemented. The threatened demolition of the dilapidated ensemble was averted in 1988 by the acquisition by VEG Saatzucht.

Hydrangeas in the Palace Park, Schendorf

In the grounds and gardens, which were renovated after the fall of the Wall, there is now an important botanical collection with hydrangeas , bonsai , ivy , camellias and an orchard. The Zuschendorfer azalea collection today is in addition to the collection in the Rhododendron Park Bremen the largest collection in Europe. It is listed as a historical monument together with the Camellia collection from around 100 varieties. The plant collections go back to the cultivations of the gardener family Seidel , who made Saxon horticulture world famous since the 18th century. The numerous cultivations took place in the Seidel gardening shop, which was first located in Kleine Plauenschen Gasse in Dresden Seevorstadt, from 1819 in the Pirnaische Vorstadt, from 1865 in Striesen and from 1893 in Laubegast ; the local horticultural school was the predecessor of the “Höhere Staatslehranstalt” founded in 1922 in Pillnitz, which has existed as a technical school for agricultural engineering and horticulture to the present day. The botanical collections have had over 40,000 visitors a year since 2006 (2011: 44,544 visitors).

The country palace itself is currently only open to the public as part of events and exhibitions.

Personalities

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Zusendorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  2. ↑ Karl Heinrich Schulz: Description of the operation of the agriculture in Zuidendorf, together with the bookkeeping introduced there . Dresden and Leipzig, Arnoldische Buchhandlung, 1841.
  3. ↑ Thomas Albrecht: The right measure - the zuzendorfer sermon clock . In: Evangelical Lutheran Kirchgemeinde Pirna: Kirchennachrichten , April / May 2011. pp. 16–17.
  4. ↑ Ark for the azalea collection , Dresdner Latest News from 21./22. April 2012

literature

  • Pirna and its surroundings (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 9). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1966.
  • Iniciativa pro decinsky zamek (ed.): The Lords of Bünau in Saxony and Bohemia. Decin 2006. ISBN 80-239-6852-1 .
  • Alfred Meiche: Historical-topographical description of the Pirna administration. Dresden 1927. ( digitized version )
  • GA Poenicke: Album of the manors and castles in the Kingdom of Saxony. Section II: Meissner Kreis. Leipzig (around 1860).
  • Karl Heinrich Schulz: Description of the operation of the agriculture in Beimendorf, together with the bookkeeping introduced there. Dresden / Leipzig 1841 ( digitized version )
  • Richard Steche : Zusendorf. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 1. Booklet: Official Authority Pirna . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1882, p. 97.

Web links

Commons : Verschendorf  - album with pictures, videos and audio files