Felt rose
| Felt rose | ||||||||||||
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Felt rose ( rosa tomentosa ) |
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| Rosa tomentosa | ||||||||||||
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The Felt Rose ( Rosa tomentosa ), even Incorrect Filzrose called, is a plant of the genus roses ( Rosa ) within the family of the rose family (Rosaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The felt rose is a deciduous, upright, long-branched shrub that reaches heights of 1 to 3 meters. Their spines are rather slender and slightly curved with a broad base.
The alternate leaves are unpaired pinnate with five to seven pinnate leaves. The dark green, shiny, more or less greyish leaflets are mostly ovate, ovate-lanceolate or elliptical in shape. Both leaf surfaces are hairy downy to tomentose. The upper side of the leaf is glandless and the underside is partly covered with more or less numerous gray or brown, odorless or slightly resinous-scented glands.
Generative characteristics
The fragrant, hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The relatively small sepals are pinnate, after blooming they are horizontally or almost knocked back, at the latest when the fruit is ripe they are obsolete. The five free petals are white to light pink in color. The stylus is hairy or bald and the stylus channel is narrower than 1 millimeter. The scar head is roughly bucket-like. The flowering period in Austria only lasts from June to July.
The fruit stalk, which is usually densely covered with stalked glands, is about 1.5 to 3 times as long as the rose hip .
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 35.
ecology
The felt rose is a mesomorphic nanophanerophyte .
There is insect pollination and self-pollination with seed formation without pollination.
The spread of the diaspores , it is the rose hips, occurs through digestive spread.
Occurrence and endangerment
The felt rose is a sub-Mediterranean-temperate-continental floral element . Its area extends from Europe excluding northern Scandinavia and the southern Mediterranean countries to the Black Sea . In Central Europe it occurs scattered, in Western Europe it is rarer, in Southern Europe it occurs frequently.
The felt rose occurs in Germany scattered in the middle (central and eastern North Rhine-Westphalia , southeastern Lower Saxony , Thuringia , Saxony , Hesse , Franconia , Baden-Württemberg , Palatinate , Saarland ), in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Schleswig-Holstein ; south of the Danube there are only single finds, in Brandenburg it is very rare. Only old finds are documented for northern Saxony-Anhalt , East Frisia and central Lower Saxony.
In the Red List of Endangered Plant Species in Germany, the felt rose is considered not endangered in 1996. The degree of risk is different for the German federal states: it is not endangered in Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria , Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate , Thuringia and Saarland; it is endangered in Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Lower Saxony, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Schleswig-Holstein; in Hamburg it is considered to be threatened with extinction.
The main occurrences of Rosa tomentosa in Germany are in forests and bushes in dry and warm locations, as well as in deciduous and fir forests in medium-sized locations. In Austria, Rosa tomentosa is scattered or rare in all federal states and thrives there in light shrubbery and on the edges of forests in collin to upper montane altitudes .
The felt rose thrives best on clay or loess soil that is calcareous or not very low in base , medium to deep and therefore often not very stony . It inhabits forests, bushes and roadsides in warm summer locations; it therefore seldom rises above 1200 meters in the Alps . In the Allgäu Alps, it rises on the Schwandalpe am Grünten to an altitude of 1400 meters. It is a character species of the order Prunetalia, but also occurs in plant communities of the order Quercetalia pubescentis and the associations Erico-Pinion or Carpinion.
supporting documents
- Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 3: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Rosidae): Droseraceae to Fabaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3314-8 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Rosa tomentosa Sm., Filz-Rose. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b c data sheet with photo at Botanik im Bild , 2003.
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , p. 567.
- ↑ a b Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. Volume 2, 2nd revised edition. Franckh Kosmos Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
- ↑ a b Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: Which tree is that? - Kosmos Naturführer , 24th edition, Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-440-06570-7 .
- ↑ a b Thomas Meyer: data sheet felt roses with Rosa tomentosa with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ).
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW-Verlag, Eching near Munich, 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 57.
Web links
- Felt rose . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Rosa tomentosa Sm. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved November 9, 2015.
- Distribution area in the northern hemisphere.
- Rosa tomentosa at Plants For A Future
