Salt forest

Salt forest Słona Boršć City of Bautzen Coordinates: 51 ° 11 ′ 51 ″  N , 14 ° 22 ′ 17 ″  E
Height :	239–266 m above sea level NN
Area :	3.72 km²
Residents :	272  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	73 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	1st July 1969
Incorporated into:	Salzenforst-Bolbritz
Postal code :	02625
Area code :	03591
Location of Salzenforst in Bautzen

Aerial view

Salt forest , Upper Sorbian Słona Boršć ^{? / i} , is a place in the East Saxon district of Bautzen and has been part of the large district town of Bautzen since 1999 . Since 2007 it has officially counted as a district. It is located in Upper Lusatia and is in the Sorbian settlement area .

The Sorbian and German place names are synonymous. It is unclear where the name comes from, but it is possible that the addition Salz- / Salzen- was chosen to distinguish the place on the Salt Road from others called Forst or Förstchen. There are four places within a ten kilometer radius that bear this name.

geography

Salt forest at the end of the 18th century. The village green is clearly recognizable (north is on the right).

The place is located about four kilometers northwest of Bautzen city center on the northwest slope of the Chorberg (266 m), which is the highest elevation of Bautzen and the surrounding area. A surveying column for the Royal Saxon Triangulation was erected here in 1865 . The place itself lies between 239 and 266 m and is therefore the highest district of Bautzen.

Salzenforst is essentially a street perch village, with the meadow with the village pond on Handrij-Zejler-Straße. There are settlement expansions in all directions, the most recent in the south-eastern part.

The neighboring towns are Kleinseidau and Kleinwelka in the northeast, Temritz in the east, Dreistern in the south and Oberuhna and Bolbritz in the west.

history

To the east of the Chorberg urns, implements, weapons and remains of settlements were found, which suggest that there was a systematic settlement around 4,000 years ago.

The place itself was first mentioned in 1359 as Salczforst . For a long time, the manor was not held by a manor, which Salzenforst itself does not own, but rather by the Bautzen Cathedral Monastery. Since the Middle Ages, the supraregional important Hohe Straße , coming from the Bautzener Seidau , continued through salt forest in the direction of Dreikretscham and Kamenz and was also referred to here as the salt road. With the expansion of the country roads in the 18th century, it was placed over Rattwitz and Bloaschütz.

On May 19, 1813, one day before the Battle of Bautzen , Napoleon used the wide view of the salt forest Chorberg to draw up his battle plan.

Until 1969 Salzenforst was an independent rural community with the districts Schmochtitz with Oberuhna and Löschau (since 1948) and Temritz (since 1950). In 1969, Salzenforst and Bolbritz merged to form the municipality of Salzenforst-Bolbritz , which was reclassified to Kleinwelka in 1994 and then to Bautzen in 1999.

population

In 1834 Salzenforst had 161 inhabitants, including a relatively large number of 71 Catholics (44%). In the following decades the population rose slowly from 198 (1871) and 210 (1890) to 234 (1939), with the proportion of Catholics falling below 10%. Arnošt Muka had 213 residents in the 1880s, 180 of them Sorbs (85%) and 33 Germans. However, the proportion of Sorbian speakers in town has since declined. In 1956 Ernst Tschernik counted a Sorbian-speaking population of 43.6% in the municipality of Salzenforst (with Schmochtitz, Oberuhna, Löschau and Temritz).

After the Second World War , the population of the Salzenforst community rose sharply to over 1,300 due to the massive influx of resettlers from the eastern regions, only to drop to 653 by 1964. Due to the construction of homes on the Chorberg and the favorable infrastructural conditions, the population of Salzenforst is stable today.

The Salzenforster are Evangelical Lutheran in the Bautzen parish of St. Michael , Catholic in the parish of St. Petri .

Economy and Infrastructure

Salzenforst is connected to neighboring towns and Bautzen by district roads. The S 106, which has been expanded to create the Bautzen bypass, enables a quick connection to the B 96 in the direction of Hoyerswerda and the state road 111 in the direction of Bischofswerda . The Salzenforst junction of the A 4 is only one kilometer from the village. Salzenforst has a gas station.

The industrial and commercial area of Bautzen-Salzenforst with numerous businesses is located on the other side of the motorway near the town of Bloaschütz . To the east of Salzenforst, two gravel pits are operated on the sand and gravel moraine here.

With the Salzenforst volunteer fire brigade, there is a department of the Bautzen fire brigade in the village .

Personalities

Monument to Zejler in the center of the village

• Jakub Delenka (1695–1763), sculptor, born in Salzenforst
• Handrij Zejler (1804–1872), Sorbian poet and founder of modern Sorbian poetry, born in Salzenforst

Monuments

On the eastern slope of the Chorberg there has been a memorial since 1949 for 43 Jewish women from Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Czechoslovakia, who were murdered here in February 1945 on a death march .

A memorial in the center of the village commemorates Salzenforst's most famous son, Handrij Zejler.

Web links

Commons : Salzenforst / Słona Boršć  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Salt forest in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony

Individual evidence

1. ↑ J. Aug. Ernst Köhler: Pictures from Upper Lusatia, as a contribution to Fatherland Studies , Reichel 1855, p. 78
2. ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954.
3. ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 246 .