Sassafras (genus)

Sassafras
	Sassafras tree ( Sassafras albidum )
Systematics
Subdivision :	Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Magnoliids
Order :	Laurels (Laurales)
Family :	Laurel family (Lauraceae)
Genre :	Sassafras
Scientific name
	Sassafras
	J. Presl

Sassafras is a genus of plant family of the laurel family (Lauraceae). It includes three species , one in eastern North America and two in China .

description

Illustration from Koehler's medicinal plants of the Sassafras tree ( Sassafras albidum )

Male and female flowers of the sassafras tree ( Sassafras albidum )

Vegetative characteristics

Sassafras species grow as deciduous trees . The alternate leaves arranged on the branches are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade . The leaf blades can be pinnate and entire or provided with three main nerves and lobed.

Generative characteristics

The inflorescences are in the leaf axils of transition leaves , they are botryoids , which are sometimes almost umbel-like .

The flowers are threefold and can be unisexual or at least apparently bisexual. The bracts are of the same shape and not permanent on the fruit. Of the three circles, each made up of three stamens , a pair of glands is formed in the innermost circle at the base of each stamen. The stamens are longer than the anthers. These can be two- or four-chambered and are directed outwards in all stamen circles. In four- chamber anthers, the pollen sacs are arranged in two pairs standing on top of each other. A fourth circle of sterile stamens ( staminodes ) is weak or absent. The flower base is small and flat, the pistil is absent in all male flowers .

The stone fruit stands on a weakly pronounced fruit cup that merges into the thickened stem.

Systematics and distribution

Flowers of Sassafras randaiense

Sassafras tzumu

The genus Sassafras was established in 1825 by Jan Svatopluk Presl . Synonyms for Sassafras J.Presl are: Pseudosassafras Lecomte , Yushunia Kamikoti .

There are only three types of sassafras :

Sassafras tree ( Sassafras albidum (Nuttall) Nees ): It thrives at altitudes of 0 to 1500 meters in the Canadian province of Ontario and in large areas of the eastern to central United States.
Sassafras randaiense (Hayata) Rehder : This endemic thrives in evergreen laurel forests at altitudes of 900 to 2400 meters only in Alishan in central and southern Taiwan .
Sassafras tzumu (Hemsley) Hemsley (Syn .: Sassafras tsumu (Hemsley) Hemsley orth. Var.): It thrives in open to dense forests at altitudes of 100 to 1900 meters in the Chinese provinces of Anhui , Fujian , Guangdong , Guangxi , Guizhou , Hubei , Hunan , Jiangsu , Sichuan , Yunnan and Zhejiang . The chromosome number is 2n = 24.

supporting documents

literature

Jens G. Rohwer: Lauraceae. In: Klaus Kubitzki et al. (Ed.): The Families and genera of vascular plants , Volume 2: Flowering Plants - Dicotyledons - Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families , Springer Verlag, 1990, ISBN 978-3-540-55509-4 .
Xi-wen Li, Jie Li, Henk van der Werff: Sassafras , p. 159 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 7 - Menispermaceae through Capparaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2008. ISBN 978-1-930723-81-8 (Description and Distribution Section)
Henk van der Werff: Lauraceae. : Sassafras - the same text online as the printed work , Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico , Volume 3 - Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1997. ISBN 0-19 -511246-6 (section description)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Henk van der Werff: Lauraceae. : Sassafras - the same text online as the printed work , Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico , Volume 3 - Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1997. ISBN 0-19 -511246-6
^ ^A ^b ^c Sassafras in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Xi-wen Li, Jie Li, Henk van der Werff: Sassafras , p. 159 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 7 - Menispermaceae through Capparaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2008. ISBN 978-1-930723-81-8
↑ Sassafras tsumu at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

Web links

Commons : Sassafras - collection of images, videos and audio files

[FoNA-1] Henk van der Werff: Lauraceae. : Sassafras - the same text online as the printed work , Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico , Volume 3 - Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1997. ISBN 0-19 -511246-6

[GRIN-2] A ^b ^c Sassafras in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 14, 2014.

[FoC-3] Xi-wen Li, Jie Li, Henk van der Werff: Sassafras , p. 159 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 7 - Menispermaceae through Capparaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2008. ISBN 978-1-930723-81-8

[IPCN-4] Sassafras tsumu at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis