Schachten (Grebenstein)

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Shafts
City of Grebenstein
Coordinates: 51 ° 26 ′ 3 "  N , 9 ° 22 ′ 51"  E
Height : 219 m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.52 km²
Residents : 349  (Dec. 31, 2015)
Population density : 46 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st October 1970
Postal code : 34393
Area code : 05674

The village of Schachten is a district of the small town of Grebenstein in North Hesse in the Kassel district . The village is traversed by the Maibach and is located about 2 km west-southwest of the city center on county road 50. Kassel-Calden Airport is about 3 km south.

history

Origins

The place is mentioned for the first time as "Scaftun" in a document from the Corvey monastery from the period between 856 and 866. The settlement is likely to be considerably older, however, because the linguistic roots of the place name cannot be assigned to the Saxon-Franconian settlement foundations of the 8th and 9th centuries, but point to the time of the Chatten , as with five other settlements in the Esse valley . In later documents, which can be found in the archives of the Hasungen and Helmarshausen monasteries , the place name u. a. indicated as "Schatun" and "Scahten". Only a document from 1303 in the archives of the Helmarshausen monastery finally shows a spelling, Obernschachten, that comes very close to today's.

Local nobility

The village and the local noble family of the Lords of Schachten appear together for the first time in a document from 1239. The lords of Schachten were originally servants of the noble lords of Schöneberg and owned bailiwick rights and parts of the field around Schachten as fiefs or after fiefs from the lords of Schöneberg. Their allodial possessions were modest, and large parts of their possessions came from enfeoffments from the Heerse ladies' monastery , of which they became treasurer in 1246. In 1303 they received the bailiwick over Schachten from the Schönebergers , also as an army fiefdom. From 1339 they were in the service of the Landgrave of Hesse as castle men and officials .

Desertification and resettlement

In the first quarter of the 15th century, when fighting, arson and looting also broke out in the Hofgeismar- Grebenstein area in the final phase of the power political disputes between the Archdiocese of Mainz and the Landgraviate of Hesse over domination in Lower and Upper Hesse , the residents of Schachten left their village and took refuge in the fortified landgrave town of Grebenstein. In 1455 at the latest, Schachten was declared a desert . It is noteworthy, however, that the Schachten farmers, as can be seen from entries in the Salbuch von Grebenstein, always attached great importance to continuing to be seen as an independent peasantry who only lived temporarily and because of the uncertain times in Grebenstein and their fields from there ordered.

In fact, the repopulation of the old location began as early as 1570, after the desert and peasantry Schachten had passed into the possession of the Landgraviate of Hesse. In 1584 it was announced that a pastor was again serving in the church and the parish , and a year later the county register recorded six households in shafts.

The Thirty Years War brought a great deal of hardship to the area around Grebenstein and Hofgeismar, and in 1747 only a total of 20 campfire sites were counted in the village. Only in the 19th century did the population increase again, and in 1895 there were 176 villagers. In 1939 there were 296 inhabitants. When the village became part of Grebenstein in 1970, it had 430 inhabitants.

Administration and jurisdiction

Schachten was a so-called aristocratic village belonging to a manor, in the 18th century the only one in the Grebenstein office (the other six were lordly villages). Owners were still the lords of Schachten who owned the " Landtag eligible" manor Schachten , making them members of the Hessian knighthood, with active and passive voting rights to the knightly curia of the Landtag and with access to privileged pension institutions for unmarried daughters. The lord of the manor was local authority, while it was the grebe in lordly villages . Otherwise the “village constitution” roughly corresponded to that of the sovereign villages. The villagers were subordinate to the patrimonial court , which was held by the landlord or a civil, legally trained legal counsel. In administrative matters they had the right to turn to the Amtschultheissen in Grebenstein, who also exercised a general supervisory function over the aristocratic estate.

Recent history

The key data of the more recent village history are similar to those of many villages. In 1912 a one-class schoolhouse was built. In 1920 the first electrical line came into the village, in 1926 the first telephone line. A post office was set up in 1931, and a volunteer fire department was established in 1934. In 1949 a central drinking water supply was created. In 1962 the village school was closed; the students now attended the school in Grebenstein. In 1964 the old school became a village community center . In 1965 water and sewage pipes were built and a garbage disposal facility was set up. In 1968 the county road leading through the village was paved and sidewalks were laid in the village itself.

On 1 October 1970 shafts were in the course of administrative reform in Hesse on a voluntary basis in the small town of Grebenstein incorporated .

In 1999 a gas pipeline was laid into the village.

Cultural monuments

For the cultural monuments of the place under monument protection see the list of cultural monuments in Schachten .

Manor Schachten

The Lords of Schachten rebuilt their estate in Schachten after the end of the Thirty Years' War ; the manor and the barn building at the entrance to the courtyard date from the late 17th century. Today the manor complex on the western edge of the village, which is still managed as a large-scale agricultural operation, with all the main buildings is under monument protection . The manor , built in the 19th century, is a Hessian cultural monument .

Natural monuments

  • " Judicial linden tree near Schachten" Summer linden tree between Schachten and Grebenstein on a meadow south of the K 50.
  • Oak on the outskirts of Caldener Strasse; according to the signs, "1000-year-old" oak
  • Oak at the edge of the forest with a chest height circumference of 6.62 m (2016).
  • Grove of trees (1 walnut, 2 sweet chestnuts), approx. 300 m southwest of the outskirts on a field wood island in a field.

See: List of natural monuments in Grebenstein

Environmental aspects

There are increasing concerns on the part of the population against a new limestone quarry planned between Schachten and Westuffeln . In the Westuffeln district, but also about 100 meters into the Schachten district, an area of ​​57 ha is planned for a mining period of 40 years. The dismantling should be allowed on weekdays until 10 p.m. The transport connection is to lead via a new access road that will initially run parallel to federal road 7 about 150 meters before the federal road to district road 50. The extraordinarily large planned mining area would mean the end of a natural panorama and local recreation area .

Sons and daughters of the place

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b "Schachten, Landkreis Kassel". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of July 29, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Numbers / facts / statistics on the website of the city of Grebenstein ( memento of the original from March 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed January 2016 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stadt-grebenstein.de
  3. ↑ For example, B. in November 1424 a bunch of Mainz feudal men and armed men from the Mainz city of Hofgeismar, led by Johann Spiegel , the Mainz bailiff at Schöneberg Castle , plundering for several days through the area of ​​Grebenstein and the Diemeltal .
  4. ↑ Explanations of the structure of the communal and sovereign administration and justice in the Hessian office Grebenstein and in the superordinate instances
  5. ↑ Incorporation of the communities Burguffeln, Schachten and Udenhausen into the city of Grebenstein, district Hofgeismar from September 29, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 41 , p. 1950 , point 1803 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 7.5 MB ]).
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 398 .
  7. ↑ Rittergut Schachten, at www.Burgen-und-Schlösser.net
  8. ↑ Photo of the Schachten manor house ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stadt-grebenstein.de
  9. ^ Entry in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 10, 2017

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