Unterdürnbach Castle
Unterdürnbach Castle is a two-storey baroque castle from the late Renaissance on the southeastern outskirts of the cadastral municipality of Unterdürnbach in the municipality of Maissau in the Hollabrunn district in Lower Austria .
The castle and the buildings of the former farmyard adjacent to the west are under monument protection ( list entries ).
history
Until 1644
Nothing is known about the beginnings of the castle. In the middle of the 12th century there is the first documentary mention of a permanent house belonging to the Lords of Durrinbach and the sale of a castle from 1531, which may have emerged from this permanent house . The buyer was Melchior Hohberg, who redesigned the moated castle. The ornate rectangular portal to a basement exit, which bears the year 1556 , dates from this time .
The next owner appears to be Georg Bayr, who leased the imperial key office in Krems on the Danube and applied for admission to the knighthood in 1575 . He was married to Anna von Concin, the widow of Johann Friedrich Fernberger von Eggenburg , whose daughter Magdalena from her first marriage died in 1585 and was buried in Unterdürnbach. Your marble tombstone is preserved in the Unterdürnbach parish church. An unspecified addition to the castle took place under Georg Bayr in 1578.
After the death of Georg Bayr in 1597 his son Georg Ehrenreich Bayr followed and from 1613 Georg Leo Bayr, who died in 1615.
The following inheritance disputes brought Rudolf von Innpruck into possession of the castle. His wife was née Hohberg, which enabled him to successfully assert inheritance claims.
From 1644
In the first half of the 17th century, the indebted goods were publicly offered for sale by the Lower Austrian estates and Lilienfeld Abbey bought the entire Unterdürnbach estate in 1644 for 21,361 guilders . The sale was not perfect until 1721, after the monastery had satisfied inheritance claims with compensation payments.
From 1747 to 1757, under Abbot Dominik Peckenstorfer , the moated castle was converted into the current structure with the baroque facade, the columned inner courtyard and the large halls on the upper floor. The abbot's coat of arms is attached outside at the entrance to the castle courtyard. The offices of the manorial administration and the living quarters of the priestly administrator were housed in the castle . From here the possessions of the monastery in Stratzing , Radlbrunn (municipality Ziersdorf ), Roseldorf (municipality Sitzendorf) and Grafenberg (municipality Straning-Grafenberg ) were administered. From here, those administrative tasks were performed that were taken over by the district authorities and district courts after the peasants were liberated from inheritance from September 1848 .
In 1809 there was a major fire. A tower that can still be seen on an engraving by Georg Matthäus Vischer was not rebuilt.
Until 1970 the estate in Unterdürnbach was owned by the Lilienfeld Abbey. Then the approximately 100 hectares of arable land were sold to farmers from Unterdürnbach and Frauendorf ( Sitzendorf an der Schmida municipality ). The extensive farm buildings in front of the castle also came into the possession of a local farmer.
Today the castle is used as a vicarage. In summer concerts take place in the arcade courtyard and in the monkey hall.
Building description
Farm yard
To the west of the castle is a spacious three-winged farmyard with one to two-storey tracts. The core of the buildings is predominantly from the second half of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th century.
The north wing with late Baroque fascia structure has a representative late Baroque column portal with a curved pointed gable from the third quarter of the 18th century with a coat of arms "Stift Lilienfeld / Dominik Peckenstorfer" and a Biedermeier wooden gate from the second quarter of the 19th century. The facade on the courtyard side has portal and window walls from the 17th century as well as a central projecting with plasterwork. The windows on the ground floor are vaulted inside with stitch caps .
The facade of the west wing is structured by giant pilaster strips, the round arch passage has a barrel vault with plastered cross ridges. There are also needle cap barrels inside.
A chamfered round arched cellar portal from the 16th century is in the south wing. Inside this wing there are partly square vaults from the 18th century.
lock
Outside
The two-storey four-wing building is surrounded by a moat and to the south and east by an originally defensive outer wall with round, bastion-like corner turrets from the late 16th century. The south-eastern turret is designed as a baroque pavilion .
The facade has a late Baroque frame structure with giant pilaster strips and a grid-like structure in the window axes with saddle cloth motifs from the mid-18th century. The windows on the ground floor have leaded glass and are fitted with baroque window baskets. Those on the upper floor have cornice roofing and window sills from the second half of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th centuries. A circumferential grooved eaves cornice forms the upper end of the facade.
The profiled arched portal on the west facade probably dates from the early 18th century, the entrance is closed off by a wide groin vault.
The two-story arcade courtyard has groin vaults from the 16th century. One column is provided with an acanthus capital. On the east side of the courtyard is a set basement exit with a rectangular portal. This portal has a floral relief garment, which is marked with "1556" .
Inside
The rooms on the ground floor are vaulted with wide barrel vaults and stitch caps from the 16th century as well as baroque stitch cap vaults from the middle of the 18th century. The rectangular stone door frames are delicately grooved.
In the north wing there is a barrel-vaulted chapel with stab caps, which was intended as a church service room for the clerical estate manager and in which the weekday services of the Unterdürnbach parish take place today.
The staircase to the upper floor has a baluster railing , the rooms on the upper floor have simple stucco ceilings and partly polychrome plastered mirrors. One room has a wide vaulted cap from the 18th century.
Furnishing
In the former knight's hall (today called “ Affensaal ” after five monkeys in the wall painting) there are wall paintings depicting exotic animals and landscapes from the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. In one corner is a baroque tiled stove with bandwork decor from the mid-18th century, which could be heated from the corridor. In one of the hand-blown window panes the words “ judges, jury, rascals ” are carved, which suggests that the room was used as a medieval courtroom .
One room that served as a bedroom is decorated with wall paintings that are labeled “ Johann Oswald fecit ”.
In the cartouche of a curved stucco mirror in the former prelate's hall (today " picture room ") is the coat of arms of abbot Dominik Peckenstorfer. Wall paintings in geometric fields of this room show representations of the possessions of Stift Lilienfeld, which are surrounded by genre paintings .
In the piano room opposite is another baroque tiled stove with bandwork decor from the mid-18th century. In another room there is another tiled stove with empire decor from the first half of the 19th century.
The ceiling of the dining room has a realistic painting, which gives the impression of a real wooden ceiling.
On the shelves of the archive are remains of the holdings of files and documents from the former manor . In 1848, parts of the entire collection had to be handed over, some of which are now in the Lower Austrian State Archives in St. Pölten and some in the branch in Bad Pirawarth . Some of the holdings have not yet been sighted and researched.
In the chapel there is a baroque sarcophagus altar with a reredos and rocaille decoration . The altar panel from the middle of the 18th century, which is flanked by gilded statues of Saints Joseph and Joachim , shows the third of Anna with a miraculous image . To the side there are figures of the Madonna from 1607 and St. Joseph with child from the 17th century. A picture of Jesus hangs on the left wall
See also
literature
- Dehio manual . The art monuments of Austria. Lower Austria north of the Danube. Edited by Evelyn Benesch, Bernd Euler-Rolle u. a. Verlag Anton Schroll & Co, Vienna 1990, ISBN 3-7031-0652-2 , p. 1195 f.
- "The Unterdürnbach Castle " compiled by Father Dr. Edmund Tanzer (Parish Unterdürnbach)
- Schlösser und Burgen , issue 3 of the series Das Weinviertel , self-published by Kulturbund Weinviertel, Mistelbach 1979
Web links
- Unterdürnbach Castle accessed on the website of the municipality of Maissau on March 21, 2013
- Entry about Unterdürnbach Castle on Lower Austria Castles online - Institute for Reality Studies of the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times, University of Salzburg
- Entry about Schloss Unterdürnbach on Burgen-Austria accessed on April 10, 2013
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Dehio p. 1195
- ↑ a b c d e f g Tanzer: "Schloss Unterdürnbach"
- ↑ See also Deutsche_Revolution_1848 / 1849 # Austria
Coordinates: 48 ° 34 ′ 35 ″ N , 15 ° 52 ′ 31 ″ E