Schwarzenbachtalsperre
| Schwarzenbachtalsperre | |||||||
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| Coordinates | 48 ° 39 '17 " N , 8 ° 19' 46" E | ||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||
| Lock type: | Gravity dam | ||||||
| Construction time: | 1922-1926 | ||||||
| Height above foundation level : | 65.3 m | ||||||
| Height of the structure crown: | 670.49 m above sea level | ||||||
| Crown length: | 400 m | ||||||
| Operator: | EnBW power plants | ||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||
| Altitude (at congestion destination ) | 668.50 m above sea level | ||||||
| Water surface | 0.66 km² | ||||||
| Reservoir length | 2 km | ||||||
| Total storage space : | 14th 420 000 m³ | ||||||
| Design flood : | 151 m³ / s | ||||||
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The Schwarzenbachtalsperre near Forbach in the northern Black Forest is the most important structure of the Rudolf-Fettweis-Werk pumped storage power plant . Operator of 1926 completed, in a tributary of the Murg nearby dam is the EnBW Kraftwerke AG.
The reservoir collects the water on the eastern slope of the high rainfall main ridge of the northern Black Forest , below Hornisgrinde , Mehliskopf and Badener Höhe . The Schwarzenbach and the Seebach are dammed directly, the water of the Biberach and Hundsbach (source brooks of the Raumünzach ) is fed via tunnels from neighboring valleys. In addition, water from the Murg is pumped from the Murg reservoir Kirschbaumwasen into the reservoir. The system is used to balance the load in the energy supply . The maximum output is 44 MW.
function
If there is an excess of electricity generation (mainly at night), water is pumped from the lower Murgtalsperre in Kirschbaumwasen, via the power house in Forbach, into the Schwarzenbachtalsperre. In the event of a lack of energy, the water from the reservoir is fed to the Forbach compensation basin via the water turbines to generate electricity to cover peak loads .
The water is led from the dam wall via a pressure tunnel 1.7 km in length to a moated castle on the mountain slope above the Forbach turbine house, from where it reaches the turbines of the power plant in the valley above ground in an approx. 900 meter long pressure pipe with a steep gradient.
Technical specifications
The gravity dam is 400 meters long and 65 meters high. The lake is over 2 km long. The design congestion level is 668.5 meters above sea level. NN, while the lake stores 14.4 million cubic meters of water.
At the bottom of the dam there is a bottom outlet for emptying the reservoir, which takes 2 months and 14 days. 24 openings below the dam crest ensure that the wall is not overloaded during floods . On the lake side, a water extraction tower is used to extract water for the pressure tunnel.
history
After the Murgtalsperre and the Murg power plant were built from 1914 to 1918 (see the history of the Rudolf-Fettweis-Werk ), the Schwarzenbachtal, which is approx. 350 meters higher than the Murg Valley, was ideal for building a reservoir to further expand the power supply in Baden .
In 1922, the Badische Landes-Elektrizitäts -versorgung AG began building the Schwarzenbachtalsperre. The forest was cleared, 3 houses were demolished and all of the soil was removed except for the granite rock . A granite quarry was set up and a rail link was established between the quarry and the construction site to extract the concrete deposits and the facing of the dam. All other building materials had to be transported from the then terminus of the Murgtalbahn up to the construction site using a newly built inclined elevator .
Since there was initially a lack of dynamite , liquid air was used to blow up the building. During the main times of the construction site, more than 2,000 men from many countries worked on the construction site for Germany's first cast concrete dam . The dam was completed in 1926 after four years of construction. The Murg power plant in Forbach was greatly expanded during the construction of the Schwarzenbachtalsperre.
In 1935 the reservoir was emptied for the first time in order to maintain the dam wall. After the outbreak of World War II , the Schwarzenbachtalsperre became the target of Allied attacks; On July 19, 1944, the dam was only slightly damaged in a bombing, despite direct hits, as it only served as an alternative target for the attacking American B-24 bombers and these were not loaded with sufficiently large bombs. In 1952, after the lake was emptied again, extensive renovations were carried out. From 1988 to 1992 the inspection corridor inside the dam was extended in order to be able to better control the bottom water pressure .
The last emptying of the reservoir was in 1997, it served to renovate the lake-side wall front and the bottom outlet. The empty reservoir turned out to be a crowd puller at times during the rehabilitation process, after coins, weapons and other war-time items were found immediately after it was emptied. One could also convince oneself of the inaccuracy of a city legend , which said that there are still old buildings on the bottom of the reservoir. a. a church tower, the top of which can supposedly be seen depending on the water level.
Another renovation began in May 2009. The concrete sealing of the dam wall on the lake side was renewed. During this time the dam was not accessible. The construction work lasted until late autumn 2010.
leisure
The Schwarzenbachtalsperre is a popular local recreation destination within the Black Forest Central / North Nature Park . It is the starting point for hiking tours and offers the opportunity to swim, fish and windsurf. There is a hotel by the dam (closed since 2011), and a boat rental shop nearby. The Black Forest National Park borders the reservoir on the south side .
traffic
State road 83 runs above the south bank and connects the Black Forest Valley Road B 462 near Raumünzach with the Black Forest High Road B 500 near Sand. On this route, the public bus service which stops 263 Forbach- Buhl of the CDV .
The dam, looking south with the hotel in the background
Lake side of the dam with the extraction tower
The pressure pipes lead from the surge tank to the power plant in Forbach
Information board about the Rudolf Fettweis plant on the dam
See also
literature
- Government building officer Feldmann, board member of the state building authority for the Murgwerk: The civil engineering of the Schwarzenbachwerk. (Murgwerk II. Expansion) . In: Zeitschrift für Bauwesen (engineering component), 77th year 1927, Issue 7–9, pp. 59–66. ( PDF , Plate 1 ) and Issue 10–12, pp. 96–107. ( PDF ) and the supplementary investments to Schwarzenbach work . In: Zeitschrift für Bauwesen , 78th year 1928, issue 4, pp. 88–95. ( PDF )
- Manfred Fieting: The Schwarzenbach dam and the Murg high pressure plant. Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2003, ISBN 978-3-89702-633-9 .
- Gerhard Urban, Volker Fütterer, Hubert Fritz, Hubert Reif, Wolfgang Wunsch, Erwin Ried, Vincenzo Catuogno, Margit Haller-Reif: 80 years of Schwarzenbachwerk. Interesting facts about and about the EnBW Rudolf Fettweis plant. o. O. 2006.
- German Dam Committee (Ed.): Dams in Germany. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-8348-1447-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ German Dam Committee, Dams in Germany , Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-8348-1447-0
