Black Forest line
The Black Forest Line was a high-voltage line built in the 1940s in the German state of Baden-Württemberg . It led from the Hoheneck substation in Ludwigsburg to the Tiengen substation near Tiengen and, with a total length of around 120 kilometers, was one of the longest continuous overhead lines in Germany . Due to restructuring in several substations along the line, the line was dispensable and completely dismantled in 2009.
Line run
 
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Substation of the Black Forest Line in Baden-Württemberg |
From the Hoheneck substation, the line led east, crossed the Neckar for the first time , then switched to the south, where there was a branch to the Kornwestheim substation , and turned to the southeast near Fellbach . The Neckar was crossed a second time at the Altbach / Deizisau thermal power station and a third time at Köngen . The line then led to the Wendlingen substation and continued to the south-west.
At Oberensingen the Neckar was crossed for the fourth time and at Neckartailfingen for the fifth time. A 220 kV line to Metzingen branched off northeast of Mittelstadt . At Oferdingen , the north-south line was crossed on two low masts (one for each circuit). The line led via Reutlingen , Mössingen , Hechingen and Balingen to the Baar , where the Trossingen substation was connected. After bypassing Donaueschingen , the Wutach Gorge was crossed and the southern Black Forest reached. The southern end of the line was the Tiengen substation .
history
In 1934, RWE began building a high-voltage connection that was to run from the Koepchenwerk near Herdecke to the south, in order to supplement the north-south line completed in 1929 with the electrical energy generated in the Black Forest (preferably hydroelectric power stations from the Schluchsee factory ) to the industrial centers in the north ( Stuttgart region , Rhine-Main area , Ruhr area ). The lines for this connection should be operated with 220 kV, the highest voltage in the German distribution network at the time. Steel lattice structures with three cross members (so-called fir tree masts ) were chosen as overhead line masts . Single ropes were used for energy transmission. The first line ran from Herdecke via the Dauersberg substation to Kelsterbach , where the north-south line was connected to the substation. This developed into the most important node for transmission lines in the Rhine-Main area at the time.
The continuation towards the south was built from 1936. The line does not run through the Rhine plain like the north-south line, but across the heights of the Odenwald and branches south of the Neckar to the west towards Mannheim-Rheinau and south-east towards Hoheneck. Both substations were also built as part of the north-south line. In this way, the line could also be used to transport the energy from the power plants in the Neckar barrages.
In 1944, the connection was finally supplemented by another line, which led from Hoheneck to the RWE substation in Tiengen in southern Baden . With the completion of this actual Black Forest pipeline (RWE-internal designation Bl. 0305 ), a second connection between the southern Black Forest and the Rhenish industrial areas was created.
While all of these lines up to Hoheneck were operated by RWE (today Amprion ), the Hoheneck – Tiengen line became the property of EnBW . The reason was that this line connected some of EnBW's own substations. The substations in question were Kornwestheim , Wendlingen , Metzingen and Trossingen . In the 1970s near Mittelstadt, a guy mast was prepared by increasing the spacing of the trusses to a junction mast , from which a branch line should lead to a planned but never realized nuclear power plant .
In 1973 EnBW built a new 380 kV line from Pulverdingen to Oberjettingen and in 1978 the continuation from Oberjettingen to Laufenburg . A large 380 kV substation was built in the Engstlatt district of Balingen almost directly on the route of the Black Forest line, which resulted in the two 220 kV circuits on an additional traverse of the 380 kV lines Oberjettingen – Engstlatt and Engstlatt – Laufenburg were relocated. The original masts were dismantled. This also happened on a longer section between Villingen-Schwenningen and Unadingen .
Until about 2007 the Black Forest line was operated with both circuits and 220 kV voltage. After that, the two lower conductors were first removed, eliminating one circuit. The fourth remaining rope remained attached to the mast as a currentless anchor phase .
Disassembly and replacement
The high and extra high voltage network in the area of TransnetBW is to be restructured, as is the case with all German transmission system operators, including the extensive elimination of the 220 kV voltage level. Many 220 kV substations are being converted to 380 kV operation, new extra-high voltage lines of this voltage level are being built, and old 220 kV lines are being dismantled or also converted.
The Hoheneck-Wendlingen section was dismantled first. After a section between Altbach and Wendlingen had been dismantled for a long time (presumably during the construction of the new Unit 2 of the power plant in 1997), the southern section of the line (south of the branch to Kornwestheim) ended blind. The conductor cables were removed between 2007 and 2008, but most of the masts were not dismantled, but used as a replacement route for the Zazenhausen - Plochingen traction power line , which was dismantled in the same period . The three original traverses were removed and replaced by a traverse to accommodate four conductor cables. The line could be dismantled here without replacement because a 380 kV circuit and a 220 kV line already exist from Hoheneck to Wendlingen. The latter was converted into a 380 kV line from 2015 ( east bypass ).
In the area north of the junction to Kornwestheim, a new 380 kV overhead line with fir tree poles was built on the existing route. Today it is a branch of the second 220 kV connection between Hoheneck and Dellmensingen, which was converted to 380 kV, to the Kornwestheim substation, which has also been converted to 380 kV. On the section from Kornwestheim to the junction pylon near Neckarrems , it runs together with the traction current line to Plochingen, which is laid south in the 220 kV route, as a hybrid line .
In 1996, a new 380 kV line between Wendlingen and Metzingen was built on the route of a 110 kV line built in 1977. The Metzingen substation also received a 380 kV system as part of the line construction. Although the line was already set up with two circuits, it initially only went into operation in a single circuit.
In 2007, a second circuit was installed on the 380 kV Oberjettingen – Engstlatt line in order to increase the line capacity.
The 220 kV switchgear in the Trossingen substation was converted into a 380 kV system in 2008, the masts of the branch line were converted and connected to the 380 kV line Engstlatt – Laufenburg.
At Rommelsbach , in the same year, a new spanning mast for the north-south line was built, on which a single-circuit 380 kV line branches off to Metzingen, allowing the second 380 kV connection to go into operation in Metzingen. The 220 kV system was thus unnecessary and later dismantled. On maps of the electricity network of the Deutsche Verbundgesellschaft from the 1980s, the construction of a new 380 kV line between Metzingen and Engstlatt with a possible continuation to Laufenburg was planned as a replacement instead of this line connection. The construction of the Engstlatt – Laufenburg line still bears witness to this today: when installing an additional traverse, four electrical circuits for 380 kV could be laid on the line masts. Planning in the late 1980s and 1990s envisaged the 380 kV connection from Engstlatt to Herbertingen . The construction of this line, which was controversial because of the possible damage to the landscape, was waived at the end of 1999, as EnBW was able to negotiate an unlimited right of use for the Tiengen – Herbertingen – Hoheneck section of RWE's own north-south line. This enabled a shorter new line to be built in the form of the branch line near Rommelsbach.
Since all substations connected by the Black Forest line were converted to 380 kV and there is a high voltage connection from Wendlingen to Tiengen via Metzingen and the north-south line, the Black Forest line became unnecessary and could be completely dismantled. At the beginning of 2009 it was initially taken out of service for this purpose, in April 2009 the dismantling of the section between Wendlingen and Metzingen began, and from July onwards the remaining sections. The material from the around 500 dismantled power poles was recycled . At the end of the year, the dismantling measures were completely completed.
The last remnants of the Black Forest line are the conductor cables laid on the lowest traverse of the 380 kV lines Engstlatt – Oberjettingen and Engstlatt – Laufenburg, which are currently unused.
The line section between Neckarrems and Altbach is used today by Deutsche Bahn
Junction mast of the north-south line for a 380 kV branch to Metzingen. This connection made the Black Forest line redundant
Mast of the 380 kV Engstlatt-Laufenburg line south of the Engstlatt substation with the blind-ended 220 kV circuit of the former Black Forest line south of the Engstlatt substation
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Chronicle of electrical engineering: year 1934. Retrieved on May 23, 2015 .
- ↑ Overhead lines in the extended Dreieich area , accessed on May 26, 2016
- ↑ Reutlinger General-Anzeiger of February 4, 2009: Five hundred masts fall. Retrieved May 23, 2015 .
- ^ Adolf J. Schwab: Elektroenergiesysteme: Generation, Transmission and Distribution of Electrical Energy, Karlsruhe 2006, p. 31, accessed on May 26, 2016
- ↑ Skyscraper page: Pylons of a powerline branch at Sindelfingen. Retrieved May 29, 2016 .
- ↑ VDE District Association Thuringia Information 3/08, page 5
- ↑ Waiblinger Kreiszeitung from February 20, 2015: Working at a height of 75 meters. Retrieved May 26, 2016 .
- ↑ Federal Network Agency: Report on the evaluation of the network status and network expansion reports of the German electricity transmission network operators. Retrieved May 29, 2016 .
- ↑ Reutlinger General-Anzeiger of January 27, 2005: Mastenwald is cleared. Retrieved May 26, 2016 .
- ^ Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek: Spatial planning procedure: Construction of a 380 kV line between Engstlatt and Herbertingen. Retrieved May 29, 2016 .
- ↑ strom magazine dated December 2, 1999: EnBW does without a new line in Oberschwaben. Retrieved May 26, 2016 .
- ↑ EnBW of April 20, 2009: EnBW Transportnetze AG dismantles Black Forest pipeline. Retrieved May 23, 2015 .
- ↑ Esslinger Zeitung: Steel giants must fall. Retrieved May 23, 2015 .
- ↑ Reutlinger General-Anzeiger of August 14, 2009: Goodbye Black Forest Management. Retrieved May 23, 2015 .