Sebastian Brunner

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Sebastian Brunner, lithograph by August Prinzhofer , 1849
Sebastian Brunner, edited photo, from "Catholic Germany represented by its spokesmen", Würzburg 1878
Memorial plaque for Sebastian Brunner

Sebastian Brunner (born December 10, 1814 in Vienna ; † November 26, 1893 there ) was an anti-Semitic Catholic clergyman and writer .

Life

Sebastian Brunner was the son of a wealthy factory owner, attended the Schottengymnasium from 1826 to 1832 , studied philosophy at the Lyceum in Krems from 1832 and theology at the University of Vienna from 1834 . He was ordained a priest on July 25, 1838 , then was chaplain in Neudorf bei Staatz and from 1839 in Perchtoldsdorf . In 1842 he became provisional parish priest of Wienerherberg and in 1843 chaplain of Altlerchenfeld ( Vienna VII. ). Here he was able to come into contact with famous scholars, joined the preacher Johann Emanuel Veith and met Johann Joseph Görres on his travels in Munich, among others .

From 1843 to 1848 Brunner compiled and assessed legation reports on the religious and political movement for Metternich . In 1846 he was sent by Metternich to Germany and France and made a report on his observations in which he predicted the outbreak of the revolution in two years at the most.

In 1845 he became a doctor of theology doctorate and founded in 1848 the " Viennese church newspaper for faith, knowledge, freedom and law in the Catholic Church," which he edited until 1865, and has held from 1853 to 1856, the site of a holiday preacher at the University Church in Vienna. In 1856 he gave up his offices and only worked as a writer, became apostolic protonotary and papal house prelate and in 1875 prince-archbishop consistorial councilor and canon of Albano and Conte romano.

Sebastian Brunner was a member of the Knightly Order of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem and was Grand Master-Procurator from 1880 until his death in 1893. He was the Grand Cross Bearer of the Papal Order of the Holy Sepulcher.

Action and Anti-Semitism

As a writer, Brunner is reminiscent of Abraham a Santa Clara through his coarse humor and wit ; not only in his popular theologizing style, but also through a sharp ecclesiastical-Catholic anti-Judaism . In the second half of the 19th century this was already accompanied by pan-German secular anti-Semitism in Vienna . However, on his travels in France, Brunner was happy to be introduced as the “father of German anti-Semitism”. From his Catholic-conservative standpoint, Brunner fiercely fought the Enlightenment, liberalism and democratic tendencies, especially representatives of Young Germany such as Heinrich Heine , Ludwig Börne and Karl Gutzkow in literature . The historian Erika Weinzierl described Brunner as a "key figure in Catholic anti-Semitism". He accused the Jews of alleged ritual murders , denied Jews citizenship and stated in 1859: "Anyone can become a Christian [...] [,] but Germans are born".

In 1888 the Sebastian-Brunner-Gasse in the then still independent Viennese suburb of Lainz (now part of the 13th district, Hietzing ) was named after him. In 2010, the Green parliamentary group demanded that an additional plaque be put up in the district council with a reference to Brunner's anti-Semitism.

His grave is in the cemetery in Maria Enzersdorf ( Mödling district ) south of Vienna.

Works (selection)

From his numerous, almost all phenomena of (then) modern life from the ultramontane point of view, fighting writings are to be mentioned:

  • The world an epic. A didactic poem. A fanatical, spiritless hereticization of philosophy . Vienna 1844; 4th edition, Regensburg 1857
  • The Nebeljungen Lied (Regensburg 1845, 3rd edition 1852; poetry directed against liberal tendencies in politics, literature and theology)
  • The German Job . (Regensburg 1846; satirical poem against Heinrich Heine )
  • Johannes Ronge, the Luther of the 19th century . (Regensburg 1848, partial reprint of the above work)
  • Stupid knights. Poetic Gallery of German State Whistles . Regensburg 1848

Novels

  • The mishap and luck of genius . Leipzig 1843, 2 vol.
  • Foreign and home . Vienna 1845
  • The prince school at Möpselglück . Regensburg 1847
  • Diogenes of Azzelbrunn . Vienna 1853

Fonts

  • The German Reichsvieh . 2nd edition, Vienna 1849
  • Cuneiform scripts . Regensburg 1856
  • Where from? Where? A kind of autobiography. Regensburg 1855, 2 vols.
  • Two Bushmen. (Börne and Heine). Described in files. Paderborn, 1891 digitized

Travelogues

  • Do you know the country Cheerful rides through Italy . Vienna 1857
  • From the Venediger- and Longobardland . Vienna 1860
  • Among the living and the dead . Vienna 1862

Historical works

  • Klemens Maria Hofbauer and his time . Vienna 1858
  • The theological servants at the court of Joseph II . Vienna 1868
  • The mysteries of the Enlightenment in Austria 1770-1800 . Mainz 1869
  • The humor in diplomacy and government studies of the 18th century . Mainz 1872, 2 vol.
  • Joseph II. Characteristics of his life, his government and his church reform . Herder, Freiburg, 1874
  • A Benedictine book. History etc. of the Benedictine founders . Wuerzburg 1880
  • A Cistercian book . Wuerzburg 1881
  • A canon book . Wuerzburg 1883
  • Building blocks and building blocks for a literary history of the Germans . Vienna 1884 ff.

Art stories

  • The art comrades of the monastery cell . Vienna 1863
  • Cheerful studies and reviews in and about Italy . Vienna 1866, 2 vol.

various

  • Correspondances intimes de l'empereur Joseph II avec son ami le comte de Cobenzl et son premier ministre le prince de Kaunitz, edited by Brunner. Mainz 1871
  • Collected stories and poetic writings . 18 vols. Regensburg 1863–77

literature

Web links

Commons : Sebastian Brunner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Chronicle of the Order of the Knights of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem ( Memento of the original from July 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed June 7, 2010 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.graeupl.net
  2. ↑ Friedrich Heer : God's first love. 2000 years of Judaism and Christianity. Genesis of the Austrian Catholic Adolf Hitler . Bechtle, Munich and Esslingen 1967, pp. 354–357.
  3. ^ Street names in Vienna since 1860 as “Political Places of Remembrance” (PDF; 4.4 MB), p. 45ff, final research project report, Vienna, July 2013
  4. ↑ Trond Berg Eriksen, Håkon Harket, Einhart Lorenz: Judenhass. The history of anti-Semitism from antiquity to the present. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2019, p. 331
  5. ↑ Additional board for Gasse in Lainz. In: Wiener Bezirkszeitung , Mader Zeitschriftenverlag, Hietzing edition, No. 32, August 11, 2010, p. 6
personal data
SURNAME Brunner, Sebastian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Catholic clergyman and writer
DATE OF BIRTH December 10, 1814
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH November 26, 1893
Place of death Vienna