Selchow (Schoenefeld)

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Selchow
Community of Schönefeld
Selchow coat of arms
Coordinates: 52 ° 21 ′ 29 ″  N , 13 ° 28 ′ 20 ″  E
Height : 42 m above sea level NN
Area : 10.34 km²
Residents : 173  (2015)
Population density : 17 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 12529
Area code : 03379
Districts of the community of Schönefeld, including Selchow
Selchower See, between Selchow and Mahlow

The small village of Selchow is one of the six districts of the municipality of Schönefeld in the Dahme-Spreewald district south of Berlin . It borders directly on Berlin Brandenburg Airport in its east and south and is located between its southern and the end of the northern runway.

Geographical classification

Selchow borders in a clockwise direction on the following localities (starting in the north): Waßmannsdorf , Schönefeld, Groß-Kienitz , Glasow , Mahlow and Großziethen .

History and etymology

14th and 15th centuries

Field stone church , 13th century

The village was first mentioned in a document as Selichow in 1373 in a transfer of the tenure rights and pensions of Henning von Schönefeld . Gerhard Schlimpert derives the name from the Slavic place name Zel-chow = place of Zelch . However, the place must have been settled earlier, because there was already a village church in the 13th century . The street or dead end village belonged (before 1242?) To around 1440 of the von Selchow family, who held the upper and lower courts and 30 Hufen around 1375 together with Schönefeld and Diricke . The car service and the uplift received the castle Wusterhusen, the Margrave the Bede three hooves and the family Dahlwitz the uplift of four hooves. In 1375 the place was a total of 57 Hufen Groß, of which the pastor received two duty-free parish Hufen. Nine hooves were vacant and desolate ; there were still eight Kötterhöfe and one pitcher .

The further history of ownership is extremely complex. The share of those from Selchow then went to the widows of Selchow, Krewitz and Hoppenrade and their relatives. In 1440 they received the lifting of two four-legged hoofs and in 1449 two hooves of the jug and another yard. In 1451 one sixth of the higher and lower courts, the church patronage and, from 1472 onwards, one six-hoofed, two four-hoofed, two hooves of the jug, one single-hoofed, two hoofed and one kötter were added. These shares came from before 1536 to 1580 to the citizen Mittelstraß from Bernau near Berlin . He received the interest and the pension from a six-hoofed, two four-hoofed, the Kruger with two hooves, a single-hoofed and the Küsterhof. In 1551 the property of the Bardeleben family was added and, after a comparison with the Barfuß family since 1564, half of street justice, half of field justice, half of a church patronage, half of the windmill and a vacant seat with five hooves. The citizen Mittelstraß continued to receive the shepherd's justice, from 1571 duties and services proportionately from four five-hoofed, two four-hoofed, the Kruger with six hooves, one three-hoofed, one single-hoofed, five kötter, the sexton and the blacksmith and tailor. Subsequently, from 1580 to 1589, the Guden (Göde) family joined the Mittelstraß family's estates. She sold these shares to the von Bardeleben family, who received the following goods: half a higher and lower court, half a church patronage, a vacant seat with seven free hooves, lifts and services of two five-hoofed, four four-hoofed, hoisting of one six-hoofed, one Vierhufner, a Dreihufner, two köttern, a tailor, a blacksmith and the shepherd's justice. From the von Barfuß family they received the other half of the higher and lower jurisdiction as well as the church patronage, the miller with four hooves, the Kruger with six hooves, a five-hoofed, two three-hoofed, the services of a four-hoofed from Mittelstraß, three kötter, a linen weaver and a decker. From 1710 the income from Liepe zu Blankenfelde was added. These shares went to the rule of Königs Wusterhausen in 1740 and were administered by the Selchow office and the Königs Wusterhausen office via the village and Vorwerk .

A second share came to the Kettlitz family (Kittlitz) before 1518. She passed it (before?) From 1518 to 1589 on to the Barfuß family, half of the higher and lower jurisdiction, half of the church patronage, half of street justice as well as the entire service and the lifting of a five-hoofed, a four-hoofed, a three-hoofed , a Zweihufner and five Köttern received. After the already mentioned comparison of 1546 with the Mittelstraß family, they received the Schulzen, the Müller and the Krüger with six hooves, a four-hoofed and two other farmers as well as the lifting of four köttern. This share came to the von Bardeleben family in 1589.

The third share came (before?) From 1430 to after 1472 to the citizen Bergholz from Cölln . He owned two sixths of the upper and lower courts and two further sixths of the church patronage. He also received lifts from a five-hoofed hoof, two grass ovens and, in 1430, four hooves from the Kruger. In 1463 it was income from the jug with six hooves, one six-hoofed, one three-hoofed and one kötter, as well as two sixths of the higher and lower courts and the patronage. This share went to the Prünner family in 1518 and already from 1519 to 1554 to the Rademann family, who in turn sold it to the von Bardeleben family in 1589 at the latest.

A fourth share was owned by the von der Liepe family from 1450 to 1710, who received a share in the authorities in 1450 and from 1474 half of the upper and lower courts, half of the church patronage, half of the village and services from two Hufner and three Kötterhöfe . After 1480 they sold their share of the jurisdiction, the patronage and the services and then received lifts from two hoofers and three köttern, which were confirmed in 1565 and 1688. This share went to the von Bardeleben family in 1710.

Between 1450 and 1544, the citizen Strobant from Berlin was entitled to a fifth share. He received elevations and attacks on the income of the women Krewitz and Selchow and from 1450 a share in the authorities, which was confirmed in 1480. This share went for one year to the bailiff of the Mühlenhof Termo, who passed it on to the Bardeleben family in 1545 with the raising of 13 people including the Kruger. This family appeared with a sixth share before 1416. At that time they held a sixth of the upper and lower courts, a yard with eight hooves and a free sheep farm, a yard with two hooves, the miller's yard as well as elevations from the Schulzenhof and from 1545 the termo lifts five hoofs including the kruger and eight kötter.

In 1480 the area was 60 hooves, two of which were parish hooves. Interest was paid for the remaining 58 hooves: the Schulze with six hooves, the Krüger with eight hooves, two six hoofs, three five hoofs, three four hoofs, one three hoofed, one two hoofed and five kötter. There was also a mill.

16th Century

Village green

In 1536, the von Bardeleben farm was mentioned as having eight hooves and a free sheep farm. 1571 the vacant seat of the Mittelstraß family with five vacant hooves and the shepherd's justice was mentioned. In the comparison from 1564, he was apparently supposed to settle two kötter on previously desolate farms. In 1589 the possession of von Bardeleben had grown to seven free hooves, the shepherd's justice, two six-hoofed (including the Krüger), three five-hoofed, five four-hoofed (including the miller), two three-hoofed, four kötter, a blacksmith, a tailor and a linen weaver.

17th and 18th centuries

Before the Thirty Years' War in 1624 there were twelve Hufner, a miller, six Kötter with the blacksmith, a shepherd, two pairs of householders and the shepherd servant in Selchow. There were 53 hooves and 5 rulership hooves, of which two yards and 17 hooves depended, which were given to the wife of Bardeleben in 1613 and 1616. After the war, in 1652 Schulze lived with a farmhand, two farmers with three sons and step-sons as well as six Kötter with a boy in the village.

In 1711 there were four hoofers, four kotters, a blacksmith, a shepherd, a shepherd, a large and a small servant and the miller. They managed 36 hooves and paid eight groschen levies each. In 1745 a Vorwerk appeared for the first time. There were seven farmers, six kötter and a pitcher and a windmill. In 1771 there were 12 gables (= residential houses) in Selchow. There was the miller, a blacksmith, a shepherd, three pairs of householders, a shepherd, a foreman and a small farmhand. The levy was constant at eight groschen for each of the 36 hooves.

19th century

Alte Selchower Strasse

In 1801 there were ten whole farmers, six Ganzkötter, two Büdner, four residents as well as a blacksmith, a jug and a windmill in Selchow. The district was 36 Hufen, the Vorwerk 25 Hufen. There were 26 fireplaces (= households). In 1840 there were 27 houses in the village and Vorwerk. In 1858 there were 13 farm owners in the village who employed 25 servants and maids. There were six part-time farmers, one worker and 19 estates. In the meantime, numerous trades had also settled in Selchow. There was a master tailor, a journeyman carpenter, a journeyman mason, a master blacksmith with three journeymen, a jug, a pensioner ("reindeer") and two arms. In addition to the landowner, the estate was also home to the tenants, 18 servants and maidservants and 90 day laborers. The estate was large in 2205 and was inhabited by a carpenter, a gardener, a manufacturer of ignition goods and a pensioner. In 1860 there were three public, 21 residential and 42 farm buildings in the village. There were also eight residential and 30 farm buildings on the estate, including a flour mill.

20th century

At the turn of the century there were 31 houses in the village and 11 houses in the estate. The stock grew to a total of 53 residential buildings in 1931. Before that, the manor district had been merged with the manor in 1928. In 1932 the community existed with the residential area Kleinbahnhof Selchow.

After the Second World War , the manor was expropriated in 1945 and converted into a VEG . 36 hectares of the area were divided up. 16 farmers received a total of four hectares, eight farms together 27 hectares. Old farmers accounted for another five hectares. In 1960 a type I LPG was founded with 16 members and an area of ​​232 hectares. At that time, 99 employees worked in VEG. In 1967 the LPG merged with the LPG Type I Waßmannsdorf to form an LPG Type III. It was continued in 1973 as LPG Waßmannsdorf with the Selchow division. There was also the VEG Kombinat Waßmannsdorf with the Selchow division.

21st century

Selchow's location between the two runways of Berlin Brandenburg Airport

Due to the construction of the new Berlin Brandenburg Airport (BER), some of which is also located on Selchower properties, 35 people from 13 households had to be relocated. The residents affected decided in favor of the Großziethen district ; those who did not want to leave Selchow could move into a newly built apartment building. The completion of the resettlement was celebrated on July 5, 2005. In August 2011, construction of the Berlin ExpoCenter Airport began in the south of the town. a. the ILA hosts.

Population development

Population development in Selchow from 1734 to 1971
year 1734 1772 1801 1817 1840 1858 1895 1925 1939 1946 1964 1971
Residents 181 152 171 167 249 Village: 167 and Estate: 113 473 514 484 560 522 479

traffic

Federal road 96a and Landstrasse 75 run through Selchow. Federal road 96 is connected to the west via the Landstrasse . The next motorway junction is the Schönefeld-Süd junction of federal highway 113 .

The place is connected to Berlin-Schönefeld Airport via a bus line.

Attractions

coat of arms

Blazon : “On a blue background above a green shield base, a silver church in side view. In the heraldic left upper corner two opposing, nested horseshoes in S-shape. "

The coat of arms reflects distinctive points of the place, on the one hand the church and on the other hand the horses, which outnumber the inhabitants. The horseshoe arrangement as S comes from the first letter of the place name.

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Gerhard Schlimpert : Brandenburg name book, part 3, The place names of Teltow , Hermann Böhlaus Nachf., Weimar 1972, page 168f.
  • Lieselott Enders and Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg part IV Teltow. 396 p., Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.

Web links

Commons : Selchow  - collection of images, videos and audio files