Siberian ridge
| Siberian ridge | ||
|---|---|---|
| Highest peak | ? ( 285 m ) | |
| location | West Siberia (Russia) | |
|
||
| Coordinates | 63 ° N , 75 ° E | |
The Siberian Ridge ( Russian Сиби́рские Ува́лы / Sibirskije Uwaly ) is a mountain range up to 285 m high in the central part of the West Siberian lowlands in the Asian part of Russia .
Location and relief
The ridge extends over more than 900 km approximately along the 63 ° latitude from Whether to headwaters of the left Yenisei -Nebenflusses Jelogui . It forms the watershed between the right tributaries of the Ob-Middle reaches in the south and the right tributaries of the Ob-Unterlauf as well as the catchment areas of Nadym , Pur and Tas in the north.
The greatest heights of more than 200 m are reached in the extreme western part of the ridge between the Ob and the source rivers of the Ljamin and in the eastern part in the source areas of Pur, Tas and Jelogui. The highest elevation at 285 m (according to other information 278 m ), called Saryn , is located in the eastern part north of the axis of the ridge between the left Tas tributaries Karalka (Korylky) and Watylka (Wettylky) ( Lage ).
In some cases, the Ljulimwor ridge , which stretches to the right of the Northern Soswa, west of the Ob towards the Urals , is viewed as a continuation and part of the Siberian ridge. It reaches a height of 301 m (according to other sources 307 m ) south of the mouth of the Lyapin in the Northern Soswa .
The relief of the higher western and eastern parts is hilly and characterized by moraines . The central part of the Siberian ridge, which is sometimes only 110 to 120 m high and was shaped by fluvioglacial influences during the Ice Age , has a flat surface.
The western part of the ridge is on the territory of the Khanty and Mansi / Ugra Autonomous Okrug . From the source area of the Kasym in an easterly direction runs roughly along the watershed of the ridge, the border of the autonomous district to the north adjoining Yamal-Nenets autonomous district . In the far east the Krasnoyarsk region is reached.
Hydrography
The right tributaries of the Ob middle reaches have their origin on the southern flank of the Siberian ridge. In the Ob flow direction from east to west, these are the Wach with its right tributaries Sabun and Kolikjogan , the Tromjogan with its left tributaries Agan , Pim , Ljamin and Nasym .
The Kasym (which is the only of the larger rivers that flows parallel to the ridge) and Polui, as well as the major rivers of northern Western Siberia, Nadym, Pur (with its source rivers Pjakupur , Aiwassedapur , Jetypur and Jerkalnadeipur ) and Tas arise on the northern flank with its left tributaries such as Tolka and Tschasselka . The left Yenisei tributary Jelogui and its tributaries such as the Kellog have their source in the far east .
The flat central part of the Siberian ridge is extremely swampy; there are tens of thousands of small lakes here.
vegetation
In the higher western and eastern parts of the Siberian Ridge, damp taiga predominates with spruce , larch and pine trees . In the flat central part, the swamp areas are interrupted by light larch taiga.
At the northern edge of the ridge, the taiga gradually changes into forest tundra and tundra .
Settlement, infrastructure and economy
Until the middle of the 20th century, the area of the Siberian Ridge was very thin and predominantly populated by members of indigenous ethnic groups , mainly Chanten , to the north increasingly also Nenets , in the east Selkupen .
With the discovery of the huge oil and natural gas reserves of Western Siberia from the 1960s, also in the area of the Siberian Ridge, the development of many parts of the area began. In the central part, the ridge is crossed today by the Tyumen - Surgut - Novy Urengoy railway and the parallel road. This is where the city of Nojabrsk came into being . A number of pipelines also cross the ridge.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Soviet topographic map 1: 200,000. Sheet P-44-11,12 (edition 1986)
- ↑ Siberian ridge ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the dictionary of modern geographical terms . Yekaterinburg 2006 (Russian)
- ↑ Soviet topographic map 1: 200,000. Sheet P-41-1,2 (1993 edition)
Web links
- Article Sibirskije Uwaly in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)