St. Mary's Church (Pasewalk)
The St. Marien Church in Pasewalk is a hall church from the 14th century in the style of the north German brick Gothic . It is one of the most important brick churches in northern Germany.
history
An older previous building consisted of field stones, which was first mentioned in 1178 as the market church . The three-aisled hall church from the second half of the 14th century was built between 1325 and 1350 in the style of the north German brick Gothic. The oldest parts were the foundation walls of the tower and parts of the west wall from the period after 1250. From 1325 to 1350 the nave with its seven rectangular bays in the central nave was built; in the east a 5/8 choir closure . During this time, the tower was added to the third floor and decorated with a rich panel structure . At the beginning of the 15th century, a polygonal chapel was added to the north of the building . During the Thirty Years War , the imperial troops burned down the tower on August 7, 1630. He fell into the nave and destroyed the vaults in the nave and the roof. Until this war, the parishes of the Marienkirche and the Nikolaikirche were independent and each had their own pastor. However, the latter also had to preach in St. Spiritus . Friedrich Wilhelm I made the reconstruction possible in 1734, during which the vaults were renewed by 1736. The altar , an organ and a confessional came from the Marienkirche in Stettin, which was destroyed by lightning in 1795 . Between 1841 and 1863 the church and the chapel were restored with a richer facade design based on plans by Friedrich August Stüler . At the same time, according to plans by the master builder Brockmann , the tower was increased by a further floor with a gallery. In addition, architectural errors that had occurred during construction in 1734 were eliminated. The tower received an octagonal spire , which until the 20th century shaped the cityscape. In addition, a Kaltschmidt organ was built , which was one of the largest organs in Pomerania at the time.
In contrast to Pasewalk, the church survived the Second World War almost undamaged. Only a few windows and the roof were damaged. The roof was covered with a temporary solution in 1947, so that the first service after the Second World War took place at Pentecost 1948 . 1958 carried out safety work on the tower helmet; four years later the temporary roof of the nave was replaced. The tower helmet and the clock were repaired in 1983. However, the tower was already damaged in December 1983 when the narrow masonry posts on the second floor on the back of the tower collapsed between the window niches. There were bulges on the north and west walls of the tower. On December 3, 1984, the northwest corner of the tower collapsed; a day later another part. For security reasons it was decided to blow up the entire tower on December 8th. The west wall and the Kaltschmidt organ were destroyed. While the plans were still being made to rebuild the church tower from 1985 onwards, a hurricane in 1986 caused further damage to the roof of the unsecured church. In 1987 and 1988 the reconstruction of the tower began using a 0.7 meter thick concrete sliding core and the west wall of the ship. The foundation stone for the tower was laid on August 2nd, 1988. After the concrete core was erected, work was suspended. After the fall of the Wall , a citizens' initiative was founded in April 1990, from which a development association for the reconstruction of the church emerged. Through his initiative, the reinforced concrete ceilings and stairs were drawn into the tower in 1990 and 1991. A year later, the walling was made of neatly joined bricks, and a new steeple could be put on, but it no longer corresponded to the previous shape. The step portal was also rebuilt during this time. In 1993 the parish received a new bell, which is considered the largest in Western Pomerania. On May 20, 1993, the consecration of the five new bells from the Rinker company from Sinn in Hesse was celebrated . The coronation took place on September 12, 1994. Six days later, the new 26.5 meter high and 120 tonne tower was installed .
The church forecourt was opened to the public in 1999 after a redesign.
architecture
The side aisles have a length of six square bays and a seventh yoke for two closed chapels as well as an irregular yoke as a transition to the polygonal end of the central nave. The octagonal pillars have presented circular services with foliage capitals that support the vault. The original vault has been destroyed and was replaced by a ribbed vault in 1734 . On the inner nave walls in every second yoke there are two ogival panels with round bar frames and a narrow walkway above that breaks through the pillars. High, slender, three-part windows structure the side facades and the simple buttresses between them . Next to the east chapel is a small octagonal, slender stair tower with eyelashes and a brick helmet. A tracery frieze forms the transition to the gable roof. There are three portals on the west, north and south sides. On the north side, after the fourth yoke, there is an octagonal chapel with a beautiful star vault . A wide tracery frieze can be seen below the eaves .
The transverse rectangular west tower has four floors. Since the middle of the 19th century, the fourth floor has consisted of an octagonal neo-Gothic turret with a simple pointed spire . In the two lower floors there was a multi-stepped pointed arch portal with simple dazzling decorations.
The spire bears a sphere with a diameter of one meter and a cross with a height of 2.7 meters. The coronation, d. H. The ball and cross thus reach a total height of 5.2 meters. The tower is thus 78.5 meters high.
Interior
The high altar and the pulpit made of artificial stone with rich tracery on the basket and sound cover were created in the neo-Gothic style. In the altar wall there is a copy of Christ Carrying the Cross (Raphael) by Georg Friedrich Bolte . The new stained glass in the windows can also be traced back to students. The pulpit is made of artificial stone, in whose basket the reformers Martin Luther , Johannes Bugenhagen , Philipp Melanchthon and Bishop Otto von Bamberg are depicted. The apex of the choir is decorated with a glass painting by Heinrich Oidtmann and shows, among other things, the Lord's Supper .
organ
The first organ of the Marienkirche was acquired in 1795 together with other items of equipment from the destroyed church of the same name from Stettin and installed in Pasewalk. In the course of the redesign of the interior in 1863, this instrument was replaced by a 64- register Kaltschmidt organ, which has not been preserved. The instrument was destroyed in December 1984 when, after a partial collapse of the church tower when the tower ruins were blown up, the western gable wall of the church with the organ loft was also smashed.
The newly built for Marie church organ, the Opus no. 2256 from the workshop W. Sauer organ building Frankfurt (Oder) , was first in the Pasewalker Nikolai Church built and on August 29, 1992 consecrated . After it was moved to the Marienkirche, another organ consecration took place there on August 3, 2003.
The Sauer organ has 20 sounding registers, which are distributed over two manuals and a pedal .
The disposition of the instrument is as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
- Playing aids : blind swings
Peal
The bell of the church consists of six bells with a total weight of 8560 kg. The largest bell is the holiday bell with a weight of 3140 kg and the h0 sound. It is followed by the communion bell, the only one of the six bells from 1814. With a weight of 1885 kg it has the striking note c sharp '. It had to be given up in World War II. In 1948 she was found again in the Hamburg bell camp . The Christ bell weighs 1377 kg and has the strike tone e ', while the prayer bell with 952 is significantly smaller and sounds with f sharp'. The baptismal bell weighs 793 kg (strike tone g sharp '), followed by the smallest bell, the peace bell with the strike tone h' and a weight of 467 kg. All the bells up on bell 2 in 1994 from the Rincker bell foundry in mind cast.
use
The church is used today by the Protestant parish of St. Marien and belongs to the Pasewalk provost in the Pomeranian Evangelical Church District of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany .
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments - Mecklenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich and Berlin 1980.
- Marianne Mehling (ed.): Knaurs Kulturführer Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , Droemer KnaurMünchen, 1991, ISBN 3-426-26490-0 .
- Association for the reconstruction of St. Mary's Church Pasewalk eV: St. Mary's Church Pasewalk , flyer, no date
Web links
- Literature on St. Marien Church (Pasewalk) in the state bibliography MV
- City history of Pasewalk ( Memento from August 16, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- Churches in Pasewalk
- Evangelical parish of Pasewalk
- Pasewalk Choir
Individual evidence
- ^ Website Kirchenkreis Pasewalk , kirchenkreis-pasewalk.de, accessed on December 5, 2017.
- ↑ a b History of St. Mary - Evangelical Church Congregations. In: evangelisch-pasewalk.de. Retrieved December 5, 2017 .
- ↑ Anka Seyfert: The W. Sauer company from Frankfurt (Oder) has been building church organs for almost 150 years: The Lord's Pipes. In: berliner-kurier.de. August 3, 2003, accessed December 5, 2017 .
Coordinates: 53 ° 30 ′ 9 ″ N , 13 ° 59 ′ 25 ″ E