St. Mary's Assumption (Jülich)

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St. Mary's Assumption in Jülich
The tower of the church

St. Mariä Himmelfahrt in Jülich is the most important and oldest Roman Catholic church in the city and has been the parish church of the Großpfarre Heilig Geist Jülich since 2013 . In it is the grave of the blessed Christina von Stommeln .

history

General

The building probably goes back to Roman roots, today's church building partly stands on the foundations of the Roman city wall from the 4th century and is also based on it; the first church building was probably built on the inside of the fort wall. The church was first mentioned in a document in 945. In this document Archbishop Wichfried gives patronage to the Ursulastift in Cologne. It was the center of the Deanery Jülich, which in the 13th century comprised seventy-one churches in the county of Jülich and the neighboring regions. In 1147 Bernhard von Clairvaux preached in front of the church for participation in the crusade, and not a few Jülich knights followed the call to the Holy Land. Count Wilhelm III. von Jülich died on the Fifth Crusade in Egypt in 1219 . Until the 15th century the church of St. Martin of Tours , only then was she placed under the protection of the Assumption of Mary into heaven .

On January 1, 2013, the previously independent provost parish of St. Mariä Himmelfahrt was merged with 13 other former parishes to form the new large parish of Heilig Geist Jülich. Since then, St. Mary's Assumption has been the parish church of this new parish.

Church building

The church mentioned in 945 was a simple hall church . Parts of this church were included in a new building from the 12th century, of which the three lower floors of the bell tower have been preserved today. A choir with a semicircular apse was added to the three-aisled, Romanesque nave from the 12th century in the first half of the 13th century . At that time the church did not have a vault , but a simple wooden ceiling. Only in the 13th or 14th century was the central nave vaulted. The vaulting of the aisles did not take place until the 15th century. At the same time, the arched arcades between the central nave and the side aisles were raised and given a pointed arch and a sacristy was added to the north side of the choir . In 1785 the aisles received new arched windows and the central nave a new vault, as it had collapsed beforehand. The roof was also renewed. The two-story ossuary with a mansard roof was added to the north side of the bell tower . The church existed in this state until 1878. In that year the three-aisled and six-bay nave was demolished.

According to the plans of the Cologne architect Heinrich Wiethase , a new, also three-aisled nave was built in the neo-Romanesque style in 1878 and the bell tower was restored. In 1899 the choir was finally laid down and rebuilt according to plans by the Cologne architect Heinrich Renard . However, some stones were reused. The neo-Romanesque building was characterized above all by the change of columns in the arcades between the central and side aisles and above the structure by two-lane blind arcades. The entire church was spanned by a ribbed vault .

On November 16, 1944, the provost church was almost completely destroyed in the attack on Jülich. Only the lower three floors of the tower and the outer walls of the neo-Romanesque apse have been preserved.

In 1952, the current church was finally rebuilt according to plans by Aachen architect Peter Salm , including the bell tower, which received two new upper floors, and the choir walls. On December 14, 1952, the consecration of the new church took place.

Since 1998, the church stands on the square north of the on the on Castle Engelsdorf in Aldenhoven antique-decorated living artist Maria Jesús Ortíz de Fernández (born 1954, Santiago de Chile) Mariensaeule whose spiral-scale images trim on ancient models like the Column of Trajan reminds .

Grave of Blessed Christina

The Duke of Jülich , Wilhelm II. , In 1386 brought the bones of the mystic Christina of Stommeln which he previously had buried at its headquarters Nideggen, his town of residence Jülich. The tomb remained largely undamaged when the church was destroyed.

organ

Vleugels organ from 1998

The organ was built in 1998 by the organ manufacturer Vleugels (Hardheim) with 40 playable registers on slider chests. The instrument has mechanical playing and stop actions and, despite its German-late romantic disposition, has no playing aids such as combinations or a composer . The organ was completed at the time of the State Garden Show in Jülich and therefore has several effect registers that are reminiscent of the sounds of (local) nature. Some stops are still missing, the organ is prepared for later installation

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
01. Bourdon 16 ′
02. Praestant 08th'
03. Viola di gamba 0 08th'
04th Tibia 08th'
05. Amabile slack 08th'
06th Octave 04 ′
07th Pointed flute 04 ′
08th. Fifth 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
09. Super octave 02 ′
10. Mixture IV 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
11. Cornet V 08th' (v)
12. Trumpet 08th'
13. Clairon 04 ′ (v)
II Positive C-g 3
14th Unda maris 8th' (v)
15th Flute 0 8th'
16. Principal 4 ′
17th Flute 4 ′ (v)
18th Fifth flute 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
19th Duplicate 2 ′
20th Third flute 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
21st Sifflet 1'
22nd tuba 8th'
23. Clarinet 8th'
Tremulant
III Swell C – g 3
24. Grand viol 16 ′
25th Violin principal 08th'
26th Bourdon 08th'
27. Salicional 08th'
28. Vox coelestis 08th'
29 viola 04 ′
30th Transverse flute 04 ′
31. Nasard 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
32. Flageolet 02 ′
33. violin 02 ′
34. third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
35. Mixtura aetherea IV 02 ′
36. Basson 16 ′ (v)
37. Trompette harmonique 0 08th'
38. Hautbois 08th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
39. Double bass 16 ′
40. Sub-bass 16 ′
41. Violin bass 08th'
42. Thought bass 08th'
43. Tenor octave 04 ′
44. Trombone bass 16 ′
45. Trumpet bass 0 08th'
  • Coupling : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
  • Subsidiary register:
    • Tympanum (roll of thunder)
    • Imber Iuliaci (rain machine)
    • Mutkrat (Local Jülich Morass Toad)
  • Playing aids : swell kicks , coupling kicks, tongue and mixture kicks
  • annotation
(v) = vacant, instrument prepared for later installation

Bells

No.
 		 Surname
 		 Diameter
(mm)		 Mass
(kg, approx.)		 Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 )		 Caster
 		 Casting year
 
1 Mary Queen 1,607 2,800 h 0 +6 Wolfgang Hausen-Mabilon, Mabilon & Co. , Saarburg 1963
2 Joseph 1,483 1,900 c sharp ' +6 Wolfgang Hausen-Mabilon, Mabilon & Co., Saarburg 1508
3 Anna 1,340 1,500 dis' +5 Gregor van Trier, Aachen 1963
4th Christina 1,073 780 f sharp '' +7 Wolfgang Hausen-Mabilon, Mabilon & Co., Saarburg 1963
5 Catherine 913 420 g sharp '' +9 Gregor van Trier, Aachen 1508

Motif: " Veni creator spiritus "

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Church newspaper for the Diocese of Aachen, 03/2013 edition, article: A century event. Merger of the parish Heilig Geist Jülich celebrated as a festival marathon, December 5, 2015
  2. ^ Karl Franck Oberaspach and Edmund Renard: Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kreis Jülich, in: Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz Volume 8, ed. by Paul Clemen, Düsseldorf 1902, p. 104 ff.
  3. ↑ Website www.obib.de, December 5, 2015
  4. ↑ Propsteikirche on the Jülich Pilgerweg website, December 5, 2015
  5. ↑ Church music in the Düren region, December 5, 2015
  6. ^ Jülich history association is dedicated to the Marian column. In: Das Jülicht , December 7, 2005 , accessed April 21, 2017.
  7. ↑ Festschrift 2007 p. 5f ( Memento of the original dated December 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Accessed December 28, 2015; PDF; 1.1 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.st-mariae-himmelfahrt-juelich.de
  8. ↑ To the Vleugels organ
  9. ^ Norbert Jachtmann: Bells in the Düren region, p. 153.

Web links

Commons : St. Mariä Himmelfahrt (Jülich)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 18 ″  N , 6 ° 21 ′ 31 ″  E