Heilsbronn Monastery

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Heilsbronn Monastery
Minster Heilsbronn
Minster Heilsbronn
location GermanyGermany Germany
Bavaria
Lies in the diocese Eichstatt
Coordinates: 49 ° 20 '16 "  N , 10 ° 47' 31"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 20 '16 "  N , 10 ° 47' 31"  E
Serial number
according to Janauschek 		67
founding year 1132
Year of dissolution /
annulment 		1578
Mother monastery Ebrach Monastery
Primary Abbey Morimond Monastery

The monastery Heilsbronn (lat .: Abbatia Fons Salutis ) is a former abbey of the Cistercians in Heilsbronn in francs . Today the building houses the religious education center of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria .

history

Bishop Otto I von Bamberg founded the monastery in 1132. From 1297 to 1625 the cathedral was the burial place of the Hohenzollern family . At the time of the Peasants' War , the monks had to replace their habit with a black priestly robe , forced by the margrave Casimir . The Heilsbronn prior Johann Schopper was a member of the visitation committee in Ansbach that implemented the Reformation before he became abbot of the monastery. After the Reformation, the increasingly dilapidated monastery was dissolved after its last abbot died in 1578. The monastery school, founded in 1530, was converted into a princely school (a Protestant grammar school) in 1582, which was merged with the Ansbach grammar school in 1737. One of the first to graduate from the newly founded school was the later scholar Friedrich Taubmann .

In 1741, the management of the property in the Brandenburg-Ansbach Oberamt Heilsbronn was added. This consisted of the Heilsbronn monastery administration office, Merkendorf administration office, Waizendorf administration office and Nördlingen am Ries administration office. In 1750 the Oberamt Heilsbronn was integrated into the Oberamt Windsbach .

After the lay church of St. Katharina was demolished in 1773, the Katharinenturm (also known as the “thick tower”) was built on its foundation. Today the city library and the local history museum are located in it. The former cloister and some other parts of the church were redesigned from 2009 to 2010. This redesign included, among other things, a new three-shell glass fountain and the redesign of the paths.

Buildings and equipment

The monastery church was built as a Romanesque basilica from 1132 to 1139 , but was soon redesigned and expanded in a Gothic style. The central nave, the north aisle, parts of the transept and the choir are still preserved from the Romanesque building.

Changes that mainly took place in the Baroque period were reversed after the Second World War. The original condition was largely restored.

On the stone pulpit of the former monastery church, the cathedral, a stone imperial eagle is depicted, which stands on a (world) sphere above the images of the evangelists. Today it is covered by an antependium . The design for this pulpit dates from 1942 and was implemented in 1946.

The late Gothic main altar is attributed to Michael Wolgemut's circle of artists . To the side of the choir is a late Gothic tabernacle . In the central nave, which still shows the forms of the Romanesque , there are the burials of several Electors of Brandenburg and Margraves of Ansbach.

Burial place in the central nave

As an important testimony to early Gothic monastery architecture from the first quarter of the 13th century, the former refectory of the monks has been preserved; it has a cross vault as well as Romanesque and early Gothic decorations and today serves as a meeting room for the Protestant parish.

Bells

Three bells hang in the roof turret of the minster. They were cast in 1952 by the Heidelberg company Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling :

  • The smallest bell with a diameter of 69 cm has the strike tone d 2 . The inscription reads: “YOU WILL DRAW WATER WITH JOY FROM THE HEALING FOUNTAIN”.
  • The middle bell with a diameter of 82.5 cm has the strike note h 1 . The inscription reads: “GOD IS LOVE AND WHO REMAINS IN LOVE, REMAINS IN GOD”.
  • The largest bell with a diameter of 102 cm has the strike note f sharp 1 . The inscription reads: "I SPEAK OF YOUR TESTIMONIES TO KINGS AND I AM NOT ASHAMED".

    • Bells consecrated in Heilsbronn Minster, 1952

    organ

    View of the organ

    The organ was built in 2006 by the Lutz company, Feuchtwangen. The slider chests -instrument has 35 registers on three manuals and pedal . The third manual has only one register and is designed as a continuo work, it has a transposing device between 415 Hz, 440 Hz and 465 Hz. The organ is tuned according to Neidhardt . The game action is mechanical, stop actions are mechanical and electrical.

    I Hauptwerk C – g 3
    1. Principal 16 ′
    2. Principal 8th'
    3. Gamba 8th'
    4th Wooden flute 8th'
    5. Bourdon 8th'
    6th Octave 4 ′
    7th Pointed flute 4 ′
    8th. Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
    9. Octave 2 ′
    10. Mixture V 2 ′
    11. Trumpet 8th'
    12. Clairon 4 ′
    13. Cornet III 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
    II swell hindwork C – g 3
    14th Bourdon 16 ′
    15th Principal 8th'
    16. Salicional 8th'
    17th Dumped 8th'
    18th Quintad 8th'
    19th Octave 4 ′
    20th Pointed flute 4 ′
    21st Transverse flute 4 ′
    22nd Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
    23. Sesquialter II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
    24. flute 2 ′
    25th Mixture IV 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
    26th oboe 8th'
    Tremulant
    III Continuo C – g 3
    27. Dumped 8th'

    Pedals C – f 1
    28. Principal 16 ′
    29 Sub bass 16 ′
    30th Octave 8th'
    31. Violon 8th'
    32. Gemshorn 8th'
    33. Octave 4 ′
    34. trombone 16 ′
    35. Trumpet 8th'

    Abbots

    No. Surname Term of office
    1. Rapotho 1132-1157
    2. Nicholas 1157-1168
    3. Konrad 1169-1181
    4th Arnold 1182-1210
    5. Albert 1211 - circa 1227
    6th Werner circa 1227 - circa 1233
    7th Walter circa 1233 - circa 1240
    8th. Ulrich 1241-1244
    9. Edelwinus 1245-1252
    10. Otto 1253-1256
    11. Edelwinus 1257-1260
    12. Friedrich 1261-1262
    No. Surname Term of office
    13. Rudolf 1263-1281
    14th Heinrich von Hirschlach 1282-1317
    15th Konrad von Brundelsheim 1303-1321
    16. Konrad Suppanus 1321-1328
    17th Johann Gamsfelder 1328-1345
    18th Friedrich von Hirschlach 1345-1350
    19th Gottfried Büchelberger 1350-1357
    20th Arnold 1357-1385
    21st Berthold Stromair 1386-1413
    22nd Arnold Waibler 1413-1433
    23. Ulrich Kötzler 1433-1462
    24. Petrus Wegel 1463-1479
    No. Surname Term of office
    25th Konrad Haunolt 1479-1498
    26th Sebald Bamberger 1498-1518
    27. Johann Wenk 1518-1529
    28. Johannes Schopper 1529-1540
    29 Sebastian Wagner 1540-1543
    30th Georg Greulich 1544-1548
    31. Johannes Savoy 1548-1552
    32. Philipp Heberlein 1552-1554
    33. Theophilus Dürner 1554
    34. Friedrich Schörner 1554-1558
    35. Georg Beck 1558-1561
    36. Melchior miracle 1562-1578

    See also

    literature

    • Günther P. Fehring : City and district of Ansbach (=  Bavarian art monuments . Volume 2 ). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1958, DNB  451224701 , p. 110-114 .
    • Paul Geißendörfer, Daniela Nieden: Münster Heilsbronn. 3rd, revised edition, Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg i. Allgäu 2012, ISBN 978-3-931820-38-1 .
    • Paul Geißendörfer (ed.): Heilsbronn. A Cistercian monastery in Franconia. Heilsbronn 2000.
    • Horst Heissmann (Ed.): ... in the midst of you: 200 years of the Windsbach deanery . History, Parishes & Institutions. Erlanger Verlag for Mission and Ecumenism, Neuendettelsau 2009, ISBN 978-3-87214-801-8 , p. 43-47 .
    • Manfred Jehle: Church conditions and religious institutions on the upper Altmühl, Rezat and Bibert: Monasteries, parishes and Jewish communities in the Altlandkreis Ansbach in the Middle Ages and in modern times (=  Middle Franconian Studies . Volume 20 ). Historical Association for Middle Franconia, Ansbach 2009, ISBN 978-3-87707-771-9 , p. 97-114 .
    • Chr. F. Klingsohr: Brief history of the former Heilsbronn monastery. o. O. 1806.
    • Georg Muck: History of Heilsbronn Monastery from prehistoric times to modern times. 3 volumes. Beck, Nördlingen 1879; Reprint: Verlag für Kunstreproduktionen Schmidt, Neustadt an der Aisch 1993, ISBN 3-923006-90-X .
    • Günther Zeilinger with e. Working group d. Dekanates (Ed.): Windsbach - a deanery in Franconia (=  series of portraits of Bavarian deanery districts ). Verlag der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Mission, Erlangen 1987, ISBN 3-87214-220-8 , p. 48-54 .

    Web links

    Commons : Heilsbronn Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
    Wikisource: Georg Muck: History of Heilsbronn Monastery  - sources and full texts
    Wikisource: Hailbrunn in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ Lexicon for Theology and Church . 1st edition, Volume 4, Col. 900.
    2. ↑ Max Döllner : History of the development of the city of Neustadt an der Aisch until 1933. Ph. CW Schmidt, Neustadt ad Aisch 1950. (New edition 1978 on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the publishing house Ph. CW Schmidt Neustadt an der Aisch 1828-1978. ) P. 194.
    3. ^ Pablo de la Riestra: Art monuments in Bavaria. Francs. Regensburg. Upper Palatinate. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2003, p. 25.
    4. ^ Ralf Nestmeyer: Franconia. Michael Müller, Erlangen 1999 (2), p. 74 f.
    5. ↑ Information about the organ on the website of the organ builder.