St. Mauritius (Wiesentheid)
The Church of St. Mauritius is the parish church of the Catholic community of Wiesentheid . It is one of the landmarks of the Lower Franconian market and stands opposite the Schönborn Castle on Kanzleistraße and forms a central element of the Wiesentheid Castle ensemble .
history
Wiesentheid became a parish on February 26, 1364 by decree from Prince-Bishop Albrecht von Hohenlohe . A hundred years later, in 1464, there was the first report of a church consecrated to St. Mauritius in the form of Gothic in the village. During the Reformation , Protestant worship took place in the church until 1627, under Count Otto von Dernbach, the Counter Reformation was implemented in Wiesentheid. A monument was also to be erected to the resurgence of Catholicism by building a new church. Antonio Petrini was commissioned and built a simple church from 1681–1684.
Count Rudolf Franz Erwein von Schönborn planned to renovate the church as early as 1726. The plans of the builder Balthasar Neumann envisaged an enlargement of the building. Johann Georg Seitz, the court architect of the Wiesentheider counts, was supposed to carry out the renovation . He partially reworked the plans and began demolishing the tower in 1728. A year later the tower was erected and in 1732 the church was consecrated by Prince-Bishop Friedrich Carl von Schönborn and the abbots of the monasteries Ebrach and Münsterschwarzach .
In the following years the church was renovated several times. In 1895, the interior of the paintings was given a new color scheme, in 1958 the tower was repaired and from 1977–1980 the entire building was renewed. Today the St. Mauritius Church belongs to the parish community of Kirchschönbach, Stadelschwarzach and Wiesentheid. The Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation runs the church building under monument number D-6-75-178-37.
architecture
The Wiesentheider Mauritius Church was built from sandstone. A flight of stairs leads to the main portal, which is decorated with the marriage coat of arms of Count Rudolf Franz Erwein von Schönborn and Maria Eleonore Charlotte Countess von Hatzfeld .
Above the lintel is the inscription "EXSTRVOR, EXISTO & ORNOR PRO HONORE DEI / SVM CONSECRATA" (I am erected, exist and am adorned for the glory of God, I am consecrated). The chronogram shows the year of construction 1732. Also on the front are three statues depicting St. Francis of Assisi , St. Eleonora and St. Mauritius.
The tower is decorated with Corinthian double pilasters and has beveled corners. A prelate cross with two crossbars contains the initials of the donor couple, the year 1729 and several verses from the Bible. The arched windows of the nave are interrupted by the side entrance on the south side. Another side entrance is at the choir .
The nave is divided into five axes on the outside and only four on the inside, as the western axis is occupied by the tower and two arched windows. Pilasters with a cranked cornice structure the church inside.
Frescoes and furnishings
The inside effect of the church is strongly influenced by the frescoes on the walls and ceiling. Giovanni Francesco Marchini created the illusion of plasticity between 1728 and 1730, which makes the church appear many times larger to this day. A mighty column architecture on the ceiling opens up to a blue sky.
The depictions show the four church fathers Gregorius , Augustine , Hieronymus and Ambrosius in the nave . The Holy Trinity appears in the choir, surrounded by floating putti . The choir is entered through a triumphal arch, also painted, which is flanked by the portraits of St. Francis and St. Eleonora.
Below the monumental frescoes there are two oratorios . This created Johann Georg Neßtfell the construction of the church. They limit the high altar. This, framed by the saints of Francis of Assisi, Boniface , Kilian and Johannes Nepomuk , has a statue of the victorious Mauritius in its center. The dove of the Holy Spirit hovers above him in a glory of clouds. The altar was a joint effort by the craftsmen Johann Thomas Wagner , Johann Christian Meyer, Jakob van der Auvera and Matthias Knoll.
The tabernacle door, also made by Johann Georg Neßfell, shows the Revelation of John on the island of Patmos. The dove of the Holy Spirit hovers above the tabernacle again. The tabernacle made of ivory, tortoise shell , mother-of-pearl, pewter and several types of wood is one of the most beautiful works by Neßfur.
The side altars show Maria Immaculata on the left and St. Anthony of Padua on the right . The wooden superstructures and the pulpit were made by Neßfell, which shows St. John the Baptist on its sound cover . The three confessionals in the church also come from Neßfell. They are adorned with medallions of Saints Aloisius , Peter and Maria Magdalena .
Valentin Fromm created the font from 1868. The Way of the Cross came to the church in 1901. The monument to the fallen followed in 1922. Six bells hang in the tower floors, three of which date from the 18th century and another three were cast in 1952. There is a monumental crucifixion group in front of the church .
organ
The case of the organ is crowned by the coat of arms of the Count and flanked by two angels. After the organ was installed in 1728, it was rebuilt in 1740 by the court organ maker Johann Philipp Seuffert . Today's organ was built in 1980 by the organ builders Gebr. Hoffmann (Ostheim). The slider chests -instrument has 22 registers on two manual works and pedal . The playing and stop actions are mechanical.
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P (each as a footstep)
Bells
In 1952/53 the Otto bell foundry in Bremen-Hemelingen cast three bronze bells for the Mauritius Church.
literature
- Max Domarus: The St. Mauritius Church in Wiesentheid . Wiesentheid 1970.
- Joachim Hotz : Catholic parish church St. Mauritius Wiesentheid . Regensburg 2002.
- Maximilian Schmidt: The parish church to Wiesentheid . Heroldsberg 1926.
- Karl Treutwein : From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim. History, sights, traditions . Volkach 1987.
Web links
- Parish community: Wiesentheid
- Castell culture trail: Wiesentheid
Individual evidence
- ^ Hotz, Joachim: Catholic parish church St. Mauritius Wiesentheid . P. 4.
- ↑ Geodata: Monument number D-6-75-178-37 , accessed on June 6, 2013.
- ^ Castell culture path: Wiesentheid , accessed on June 6, 2013.
- ^ Hotz, Joachim: Catholic parish church St. Mauritius Wiesentheid . P. 6.
- ↑ See: Domarus, Max: The St. Mauritius Church in Wiesentheid .
- ^ Treutwein, Karl: From Abtswind to Zeilitzheim . P. 263.
- ↑ Information on the organ
- ^ Gerhard Reinhold: Otto bells. Family and company history of the Otto bell foundry dynasty . Self-published, Essen 2019, ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 , p. 588, in particular pages 71, 552 .
- ↑ Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen . Nijmegen / NL 2019, p. 556, in particular pp. 88, 508 , urn : nbn: nl: ui: 22-2066 / 204770 (dissertation at Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen).
Coordinates: 49 ° 47 ′ 42.7 " N , 10 ° 20 ′ 38" E