Stein an der Traun

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Stein an der Traun
City of Traunreut
Coat of arms of Stein an der Traun
Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 9 ″  N , 12 ° 32 ′ 49 ″  E
Height : 507 m
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 83371
Area code : 08621

Stein an der Traun (officially Stein adTraun ) is a district of Traunreut and used to be an independent municipality in the Traunstein district . The village is on the B 304 between Traunstein and Altenmarkt an der Alz . The parish of the former parish is St. Georgen .

history

Copper engraving by Michael Wening in Topographia Bavariae around 1700

The region of Stein an der Traun was important for civilization early on: the large caves that were formed in a vertical conglomerate wall about forty meters high near the banks of the Traun were already used by the Celts as a place of refuge. A prehistoric settlement could not be proven so far, but in the area of ​​the avenue to the chapel of St. John of Nepomuk a large Hallstatt-era barrow field was discovered, which in the period 750-450 BC. Was created.

One of the caves on the rock face was expanded into the largest cave castle in Germany in the Middle Ages . A strongly fortified castle , called Schloss Stein or Hochschloss, was built both at the foot and at the top of the wall . The origins of the high castle are not fully understood; it may already date from Roman or Celtic times. The selected altitude of the high castle allows visual contact downstream to Baumburg and upstream to Irsing . The flintlock , which was in 1135 first mentioned, was until 1320 in the possession of a noble family, whose numerous male members as "milites de stones have left" traces in documents. After this male family died out, the castle complex was owned by the Toerring family until 1633 . Carl Graf Fugger von Pfirt acquired the property in 1662, which after his death in the same year passed to his daughter Maria Johanna and son-in-law Albrecht Wilhelm Freiherr von Lösch. Although the widow Sebastian Freiherr von Thurn und Taxis married after Lösch's death , the castle remained in the possession of the Lösch family, who kept it until 1829.

The castle is said to have been the refuge of the robber baron "Heinz vom Stein" as early as the beginning of the 13th century. In 1979, Carl Oskar Renner published the "Chronicle of the adventurous life of the knight Heinz vom Stein, known as the wild one", and the legendary robber baron is still a tourist attraction today.

Stein with its Mühlbach in 1611

The Steiner Mühlbach was probably dug as early as the 13th century, the water of which is drained from the Traun above the Poschmühle and returned to it after the Stein Castle. The Mühlbach used to drive three - sometimes four - water mills , which served as grinding mills, sawmills and hammer mills.

On May 1, 1489, a host is first mentioned that brewed in the Hofmark stone beer ausschänkte a "waiter for Stain" (named Hanns Federl ) already on 25 July 1408. In 2014, the workforce of today could Schlossbrauerei stone therefore look back on a brewing tradition that has lasted for at least 525 years ..

From the end of the 17th century until 1936, some of the caverns in the Nagelfluhwand, a little north of the cave castle, were inhabited by hermits who also taught the local students.

Towards the end of the 15th century the Hofmark Stein was formed, which is first mentioned in a document in 1558. At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, Hofmark Stein included the following places:

The Hofmark Stein was the largest manorial estate in the Trostberg district court , the second largest was the Baumburg monastery until the secularization around 1803 .

In the course of the tax survey of 1808, a patrimonial tax district was formed in Stein from the Hofmark , to which a patrimonial court with a court holder was assigned to exercise the court; In 1818 the former Hofmark Stein was converted into the municipality of Stein. In 1820 the Stein tax district was in the hands of the royal chamberlain and councilor Emanuel von Lösch . In 1845 Amélie von Leuchtenberg , widow of the Emperor of Brazil, bought Stein Castle and Seeon for herself and her daughter. In 1848 she ceded the Stein Court in exchange for compensation to the state. The Stein community had thus achieved its full independence.

On May 1, 1926, the previously independent municipality of Haßmoning was incorporated into the municipality of Stein; it had developed from the Pattenham tax district since 1818.

The Stein Castle and Gut was an important economic factor in the region for centuries and secured an income for many people in the area. In 1928 the Count von Arco-Zinneberg , whose family had owned the castle since 1890, had to strike the large St. Georgi Forest in order to pay off his debts by selling wood. He still had to sell, the forest became state property and was immediately reforested.

During the Second World War , the Wehrmacht built a camouflaged ammunition plant in the Jungwald in 1938 , the Heeres-Munitionsanstalt (Muna) St. Georgen , in which poison gas was produced and ammunition was bunkered. Since the area of ​​the Muna St. Georgen was spared the air raids of the US Air Force , numerous expellees were quartered in the intact buildings immediately after the end of the war , who also used the empty halls for commercial purposes. On October 1, 1950, the government of Upper Bavaria created a new community with the name Traunreut from the new settlement, which had arisen in the forest on parts of the municipalities of Palling , Pierling , Stein an der Traun and Traunwalchen . The new community soon developed into today's town of Traunreut, which is now the largest town in the Traunstein district .

On January 1, 1978, the municipality of Stein an der Traun ceded small areas to the neighboring municipality of Altenmarkt an der Alz . On May 1, 1978, the remaining municipal area was incorporated into Traunreut.

On January 25, 2010, at around 8 p.m., a rock fall occurred in the village on Pallinger Strasse . The rock from Nagelfluh the size of a bus destroyed a house that was about a hundred years old. Two of the four residents were killed here.

Demographics

Population development until incorporation in 1978 to Traunreut
year population Remarks
1818 136 in 21 houses, counted in mid-1818 in the dean 's office in Peterskirchen
1824 135 in 23 residential buildings
1871 555 on December 1, 1871, of which 552 Catholics and three Evangelicals (108 residential buildings)
1877 889
1900 1053
1925 1237
1933 1163
1939 1177
1950 1975
1961 2025
1970 2314

Attractions

The cave castle Schloss Stein is the most important cave castle in Germany. The castle complex consists of three parts:

  • The high castle on the 50 m steep Nagelfluhwand.
  • The cave castle below, which, hidden in the rock, creates a connection to the Traun Valley.
  • The lower castle in Stein itself, today it houses a boarding school , Schule Schloss Stein .

  • High castle

  • Cave castle

  • Lower lock

Events

  • Since 1987, the Steiner Games , an open-air theater with the castle as a backdrop, have taken place at irregular intervals, usually every three to four years, at the Hochschloss . A piece was specially written for this purpose, which was performed by lay people, amateurs and professional actors with background music.
  • Since 2009, the Steiner Burg Festival has been held annually in Stein, where bands from the medieval scene perform

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Companies

Personalities

literature

  • Hans-Jürgen Schubert and Joachim Zeune : Stein an der Traun in the past and present . Published by the Friends of Stein Castle e. V .; 8th edition, Stein an der Traun 2006.
  • Ernest Geiß: Heinz von Stein. In addition to a history of the castle and its owners . In: Upper Bavarian Archive for Patriotic History , Volume 3, Second Issue, Munich 1841, pp. 147–209 ( online )
  • Carl Siegert: Seon in Upper Bavaria - once a castle, then a monastery, now Curort with mineral, brine and seaside baths - presented historically and descriptively in consideration of its surroundings , Munich 1856, pp. 117–123 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Stein Castle on the Traun  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ M. Hell: spring graves in Stein ad Traun (Upper Bavaria) and their position in spring time in Salzburg-Hallstatt. In: Viennese prehistoric magazine . Volume 29, 1942, pp. 57-65.
  2. ^ Hans-Jürgen Schubert: The community stone - contributions to their history . Published in 1979 by the Friends of the Castle Stein eV association on behalf of the Stein community (print: Alois Erdl KG, Trostberg), p. 11.
  3. ↑ Bayerische Annalen , No. 38 of March 26, 1833, p. 248, bottom left column
  4. ↑ a b Michael Elsen and Jolanda Englbrecht: The history of the Stein Castle Brewery from 1964 with retrospectives . In: Steiner Burgbrief , published by the Friends of Stein Castle Association, No. 23, 2014, pp. 3–57.
  5. ↑ Ignaz Joseph von Obernberg : Travel through the Kingdom of Baiern . Part I: The Isar Circle (five volumes, a total of 15 issues, Munich and Leipzig 1815–1820), Volume 2, Volume I: Travels via Ebersberg, Wasserburg and Altenmarkt to Stein, via Troßberg, Kraiburg and Ampfing to Haag . Munich and Leipzig 1816, p. 131 .
  6. ↑ "Stein Castle and its famous resident Heinz" , Traunsteiner Tagblatt 36/2001 (accessed October 31, 2017)
  7. ↑ Jolanda Englbrecht: The Steiner Mühlbach and his mills - a historical consideration . In: Steiner Burgbrief , published by the Friends of Stein Castle Association, No. 24, 2015, pp. 3–57.
  8. ^ Jolanda Englbrecht and Michael Elsen: Chronicle of the castle brewery Stein . In: Steiner Burgbrief , published by the Friends of Stein Castle Association, Traunreut 2016 (print: Hofmann, Traunreut), p. 3.
  9. ^ Jolanda Englbrecht and Michael Elsen: Chronicle of the castle brewery Stein . In: Steiner Burgbrief , published by the Friends of the Castle Stein eV association, Traunreut 2016 (print: Hofmann, Traunreut), p. 112 ff.
  10. ↑ "Die Höhlenburg Stein an der Traun, Bavaria" ( Memento of the original from December 21, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lochstein.de
  11. ↑ a b c d e Meinrad Scholl: St. Georgen has existed for 1050 years . In: Chiemgau leaves. Supplement to the Traunsteiner Wochenblatt . No. 16, Saturday, April 21, 1979, pp. 1-6.
  12. ↑ a b Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 581 f .
  13. ^ Website of the city of Traunreut
  14. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 593 .
  15. ↑ Report on the rock fall in Stein an der Traun on www.Süddeutsche.de
  16. ↑ Martin von Deutinger : Tabular description of the Diocese of Freysing according to the order of the Decanate , Munich 1820, p. 455 ( online ),
  17. ↑ Deutinger, ibid., Vorerinnerung , p. VII
  18. ↑ Adolph von Schaden : Alphabetical directory of all the cities, markets, villages, hamlets, wastelands, etc. located in the Isar district (as an appendix to the topographical = statistical handbook for the Isar district of the Kingdom of Baiern, e-copy ), Munich 1825, p. 468 ( online ).
  19. ↑ Royal. Bavarian Statistical Bureau: Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria - with an alpabetic general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 , Munich 1877, column 329 ( online ).
  20. ↑ a b c d e f Hans-Jürgen Schubert: The community stone - contributions to their history . Published in 1979 by the Friends of Stein eV association on behalf of the Stein community (print: Alois Erdl KG, Trostberg), p. 61.
  21. ↑ a b M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to reunification in 1990. City and district of Traunstein (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
  22. ↑ Chronicle. In: www.steiner-spiele.de. Retrieved August 5, 2016 .
  23. ↑ Steiner Burg Festival. In: www.steiner-burgfestival.de. Retrieved August 5, 2015 .