Torzym
| Torzym | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lebus | ||
| Powiat : | Sulęciński | ||
| Gmina : | Torzym | ||
| Area : | 9.11 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 18 ' N , 15 ° 5' E | ||
| Height : | 54 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 2513 (Dec. 31, 2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 66-235 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 68 | ||
| License plate : | FSU | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 2 / A 2 : Berlin - Warsaw | ||
| Rail route : | PKP route 3: Warsaw – Frankfurt (Oder) | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznań-Ławica | ||
Torzym [ ˈtɔʒɨm ] ( German Sternberg in der Neumark / Sternberg (Nm.) ) Is a town in the powiat Sulęciński of the Lubusz Voivodeship in Poland . It has about 2500 inhabitants and is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with a little over 6800 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The city is located in the Neumark , 36 kilometers east of Frankfurt (Oder) on Jezioro Torzymskie (Eilangsee) and the Ilanka (Eilang) flowing through it at 91 meters above sea level.
history
When the Archbishopric of Magdeburg settled in the Lubusz Land in the middle of the 13th century, a castle was built at the intersection of the roads from Crossen to Zantoch and from Lebus via Frankfurt to Poland , named after the then Archbishop of Magdeburg, Konrad II von Sternberg will have been. In 1287 the area was pledged to the Margraves of Brandenburg . The first written mention of Sternberg, however, comes from 1300. Since 1313, the name of the castle was taken over to the entire Brandenburg region east of the Oder . As early as the 15th century there was no more news about Sternberg Castle. Their location cannot be clearly established; It was probably on the Eilang, about three kilometers north-west of the city, where the field name Altes Haus recalls an earlier development.
In 1375, the Sternberg settlement on the banks of the Eilangsee received town rights . In 1450 the margraves enfeoffed the lords of Winning mit Sternberg, who owned the town until 1724. There were several manors in the village, including five outworks and three mills on the Eilang. Since the soil was not particularly suitable for arable farming, cattle breeding played a larger role in Sternberg. In particular, it was the cattle trade that made the city famous; three cattle markets were held annually in Sternberg. The favorable traffic situation on the connection road from Frankfurt to Posen allowed a brewery and a schnapps distillery to be built in the city.
As early as 1800, Sternberg no longer had any city fortifications and was only fenced. In 1834 a new church was built in the style of Schinkel . With the inauguration of the railway connection between Frankfurt and Posen , Sternberg received a railway connection in 1869.
From 1818 to 1873 the city belonged to the Sternberg district , but was never the seat of the district. Since the division of the district in 1873, Sternberg was assigned to the Oststernberg district, which existed until 1945 .
After the First World War , Sternberg developed into a local recreation center.
Towards the end of the Second World War , 85% of the city was destroyed when it was conquered by the Red Army and in March / April 1945 it was placed under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . In July 1945 the native population began to be expelled and Poles settled . Sternberg was renamed Torzym ; in the same year the city rights were revoked.
Since 1994 the village has been a city again. In addition to agriculture and forestry, local recreation again plays a major role here. An electrical engineering company and a building materials plant are located in the city. There is also a clinic for the treatment of TB diseases.
Annual population
- 1801: 754
- 1885: 1568
- 1900: 1636
- 1925: 2112
- 1933: 1935
- 1939: 2155
Sternberg community
The municipality had the following places until 1945: Antonienhof (Łaszewo), Blankenburg (Zagórzyn), Fuchsvorwerk, Mittelmühle (Średni Młyn), Neidenburg (Nidno), Paulinenhof (Maniec), Schöneberg (Malinin), Seggekavel (Gosarzewo), Silberberg (Swieciechow) ), Springwald (Golesznica), Vordermühle (Górny Młyn), Wasserhof (Groblica) and Zillmannshof (Śniegoszewo).
Wildenhagen
In the former village of Wildenhagen (now Lubin) there was a mass suicide on January 31, 1945 in view of the advancing Red Army, more than a quarter of the approximately 300 residents of the village died. The event is known as The Night of Wildenhagen .
Torzym municipality
The town-and-country municipality (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Torzym covers an area of 375 km², the town itself and 21 villages and places with school boards belong to it.
See also
literature
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century . Volume 3, 1st edition, Brandenburg 1856, pp. 265-269 ( online ).
- W. Riehl and J. Scheu (eds.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Margrafenthum Nieder-Lausitz . Berlin 1861, pp. 494-495.
- Eduard Ludwig Wedekind : Sternbergische Kreis-Chronik. History of the cities, towns, villages, colonies, castles etc. of this part of the country from the earliest past to the present . Zielenzig 1855 ( e-copy ).
- Karl Kletke : Regestae Historiae Neomarchicae. The documents on the history of Neumark and the state of Sternberg .
- Rosemarie Pankow: Legends and stories from the Sternberger Land. Pressure u. Verlagsges., Husum 1992. Polish. Übers. Legendy i historie ziemi torzymskiej i okolic; Dreczka, Janusz. - Sulęcin, Tursk: Dom Pomocy Społecznej, 2002
Web links
Footnotes
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Oststernberg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ See http://gov.genealogy.net/index.jsp
- ^ Die Nacht von Wildenhagen , Documentation, Germany 2005, WDR, 16: 9, 52 min. Director: Carmen Eckhardt. online review ( Memento from August 1, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
- ^ Włodzimierz Nowak: The night of Wildenhagen - Twelve German-Polish fates . From the Polish by Joanna Manc, Eichborn 2009, ISBN 978-3-8218-5829-6 . (online review) .