Stiepel village church

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Stiepeler village church
Entrance area
Floor plan 1909

The Protestant Stiepeler Dorfkirche , located in the south of Bochum in the Stiepel district, is a cultural monument of the Ruhr area , which, with its over a thousand-year history, is one of the oldest surviving buildings in Bochum. The importance of the church lies primarily in the unusually extensive medieval wall paintings . In 1988 the church and the historic churchyard surrounding it were placed under monument protection by the city of Bochum .

location

The church complex is located in Stiepel , the southernmost district of Bochum. To the west of Lake Kemnader and not far from the Ruhr River , the church is 110 m above sea level. NN about 30 meters above the valley floor and is thus widely visible in the Ruhr Valley between Bochum and Hattingen .

history

On April 27, 1001, Otto III. to the Carolingian - Ottonian .. belonging imperial main courtyard of the already around 900 AD in the lift tab of the Benedictine monastery are mentioned villa stipula belonged to Count Liutger from the Saxon family of Bill Unger .

View into the transept of the main nave

Seven years later, Count Liutger's wife Imma , who came from the Immedingen family, was given permission by Emperor Heinrich II to build a church on the donation . The permission, presumably given by the Archbishop of Cologne Heribert on April 6, 1008 by letter of foundation (see below), also included the right to exercise pastoral care without restrictions . The church is said to have been donated by Countess Imma zu Stiepel, as it was also called, in honor of the Virgin Mary , Pope Cornelius and Saint Cyprianus .

After Liutger's death on February 26, 1011, Imma went to Bremen , where she died on December 3, 1038. While she was still alive, she gave the stiplaga farm , on which the church was located, to the Bremen episcopal church. From there the court came into the possession of the nobles of the House of Lippe .

There were two copies of the foundation letter, which is no longer available in the original, which were made in 1451 and 1708. Since these copies no longer exist either, historical research has so far only been able to rely on the traditions of Johann Dietrich von Steinen from 1757 and Pastor Ostheide from 1872.

While the traditional texts of the alleged deed of foundation were always taken over uncritically in earlier accounts of the history of the church, doubts about the authenticity of the texts arose from 1956 at the latest. The fact that the foundation text handed down to us is almost certainly a forgery can be seen from the analysis carried out by the historian Stefan Pätzold in 2008 , which does not, however, question the origins of the Stiepel village church.

At the end of the 13th century, the Stiepel Church was awarded eight papal days of indulgence in a letter of indulgence from Pope Bonifatius VIII of April 22, 1295, which were celebrated on the Pasch , Pentecost and four Marian feasts . A sign that the old Stiepel pilgrimage church was in high esteem very early on, as interpreted by the Cistercians of the Marian pilgrimage monastery in Stiepel, but this cannot be historically proven.

In 1393 Wennemar Dücker took over from Simon III. zur Lippe the Stiepel farm in connection with the Kemnade house , followed by Dietrich von Romberg zu Massen , who received both goods as a dowry. After the change of ownership to Hermann von der Recke in 1418, Stiepel and Kemnade remained in the von der Recke's family for over 200 years and finally passed to Johann Georg von Syberg by marriage in 1652 , in whose family the fiefdom until the end of feudal rule ended by im Civil Code , introduced in the Grand Duchy of Berg in 1810 .

The Reformation began in Stiepel in 1596. But it was not until 1610 that the then pastor Henricus Cluvenbeck is said to have completely renounced the Roman Catholic Church and converted to the Lutheran faith. The Stiepeler village church has been Protestant since that time .

View into the north aisle

architecture

The building history and the individual phases in which the church was built have been largely clarified by excavations carried out by the Westphalia-Lippe State Monuments Office in 1952, 1965 and 2001.

Nave and tower

The Stiepeler village church today is a hall church with two side aisles . In its founding phase, however, the church was designed as a hall church and was only converted into a basilica in the late 12th century and rebuilt. At the end of the 15th century, the last reconstruction to a hall church took place, with the choir being converted into a Gothic style , the side aisles being enlarged and the east gable of the nave and the like. a. got a half-timbered wall. The tower was raised and a staircase on the north side was added.

The entire masonry of the building consists largely of the Ruhr sandstone typical of the area . The masonry is made of processed rubble stones. The windows of the church are Gothic and Romanesque in the tower at the head of the nave. The Romanesque windows of the aisles were adapted to the Gothic windows of the main nave during the last renovation.

Today the ringing consists of a total of five bells. Until 1998 there were two Bochum cast steel bells and two medieval bronze bells in the tower.

Bell jar Chime Mass (approx. Kg) Diameter (mm) Caster Casting year
Maria f ′ + 2 908 1136 Rincker company 1998
Cornelius g ′ + 2 520 0unknown Johann Sluick 1575
Martin Luther as ′ + 3 640 0988 Rincker company 1998
Lamb Of God c² + 2 348 0804 Rincker company 1998
Measuring bell g² + 5 060 0unknown unknown 1481

Wall painting

Crossing and choir

The Stiepeler village church is decorated with wall paintings from the High and Late Middle Ages . The paintings, whitewashed with white paint in 1698 as an expression of a new devotional attitude, were rediscovered during restoration work in 1952, but only inadequately uncovered and partially repainted. Between 1963 and 1965, all the paintings that were still preserved were uncovered, restored and preserved. The last restoration work took place in 2002. Since then, the church has given a complete presentation of all the original paintings from the 12th to 16th centuries, which can only be found in this form in very few churches in Westphalia .

The paintings, which are open to the public today, consist of ornaments , images of saints and some of the biblical stories . The majority and oldest part of the paintings comes from the time the basilica was built in 1180/90 and can be assigned to the Romanesque era of wall painting. These include the Bethlehem child murder , the flight to Egypt , the blessing and judging Christ between Cain and Abel and the streams of paradise . Other paintings date from the early 13th century, such as that of Saint George's dragon fight from the 15th century, which can be assigned to Gothic painting, and the youngest, Christ with the Pharisees , the story of paradise and the birth of Christ from the 16th century , to name just a few.

organ

Kirschner organ from 2004

According to tradition, the first organ in the church was set up at the beginning of the 16th century. In 1710 the second organ followed, with a range of over 4 octaves , which stood on a gallery in front of the tower above the main entrance. In 1878 the third organ was installed, which had to be replaced again after being destroyed in World War II. The last organ that was removed had to give way because of the extensive renovation work started in 1998. The gallery was removed.

The organ that fills the room today for church devotion comes from the workshop of Harm Dieder Kirschner ( Weener ) and was fitted into the arch above the entrance in 2004. It has 15 registers and is considered a special feature, as the organ pipes were cast in sand according to an old method and later hammered. The organ was inaugurated on October 30th and has since been used not only for church devotion, but also for organ concerts that take place regularly.

I main work C – f 3
1. Principal 8th'
2. Hollow floit 8th'
3. Viola da gamba 8th'
4th Octav 4 ′
5. Nassat 3 ′
6th Octav 2 ′
7th mixture
8th. Drum up 8th'
II Positive C – f 3
9. Dumped 8th'
10. Cross floit 8th'
11. Spitz Floit 4 ′
12. Walt Floit 2 ′
13. Sesquialter
14th Vox Humana 8th'
Channel tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
15th Big bass 16 ′
16. Principal bass (= No. 1) 8th'
17th Drums bass (= No. 8) 8th'
Part of the churchyard

Churchyard

In the churchyard, which is surrounded by a wall, there are still 72 gravestones made of Ruhr sandstone. They all come from the period from 1600 to 1709. Since the community of Stiepel was still Catholic until 1595, it can be assumed that all earlier tombstones were removed after the Reformation. A site plan from 1852 showed 112 graves around the churches.

The epitaphs that can be seen at the entrance to the courtyard and in the churchyard date from 1360 to 1744 and can still be assigned to the respective court lords and patrons of Stiepel , despite the fact that weathering has progressed in some cases.

2008 special postage stamp

Special postage stamp

On February 7, 2008, the Deutsche Bundespost issued a special postage stamp to commemorate the anniversary “1000 years of the village church in Bochum-Stiepel”.

See also

swell

  • 1000 years of the Bochum-Stiepel village church. Evangelical Church Community Stiepel, Bochum 2008, ISBN 3-930466-08-2 .
  • Johann Dietrich von Steinen : Westphälische Geschichte, volumes 1–4. Verlag Meyer, Lemgo 1755-1760.
  • 1000 years of history Blue Line 20, City of Bochum (accessed November 28, 2009)
  • Winfried Schonefeld: Bochum-Stiepel village church. Evangelical parish of Stiepel, Bochum 1994.
  • Günther Waschk: The Stiepeler village church. Evangelical parish of Stiepel, Bochum 1957.
  • H. Ostheide: History of the parish Stiepel . S. l. ; Hattingen: Hundt, 1872. ( sammlungen.ulb.uni-muenster.de )

Media

  • CD / DVD The Pearl of Stiepel - 1000 years of the Bochum Stiepel village church. Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Stiepel, Bochum 2008 (videos and organ music; the pieces were recorded on the Kirschner organ in 2004).
  • Postage stamp: 1000 years of Bochum-Stiepel village church on briefmarken-archiv.de (accessed on November 24, 2014)

Web links

Commons : Stiepeler Dorfkirche  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bernd Figgemeier in: 1000 years of the Bochum-Stiepel village church. Evangelical Church Community Stiepel, Bochum 2008, p. 111
  2. ↑ villa (lat.) = Village, courtyard and stipula (lat.) = Stalk, straw
  3. ↑ Johann Dietrich von Steinen: Westphälische Geschichte, Volume III. Verlag Meyer, Lemgo 1757, p. 1068.
  4. ↑ Johann Dietrich von Steinen: Westphälische Geschichte, Volume III. Verlag Meyer, Lemgo 1757, p. 1140.
  5. ^ H. Ostheide: History of the parish Stiepel. Hattingen 1872, p. 35.
  6. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Oedinger: The Regests of the Archbishops of Cologne in the Middle Ages, Volume I (313-1099). Publications of the Gesellschaft für Rheinische Geschichtskunde XXI, Düsseldorf 1961
  7. ↑ Stefan Pätzold: The Stiepel Foundation Letter of 1008 - a forgery? In: Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Stiepel (Hrsg.): 1000 years of the Bochum-Stiepel village church. Bochum 2008, pp. 29-54.
  8. ↑ Maximilian Heim: Stiepel Monastery in 2008 in the light of three founding anniversaries. Kloster Nachrichten, Cistercian Monastery, Bochum 2007, Volume 16, Issue 161 + 162.
  9. ↑ Winfried Schonefeld: Village church Bochum-Stiepel. Evangelical Church Community Stiepel, Bochum 1994, p. 3.
  10. ↑ The Baron Johann Friedrich von Syberg and the bankruptcy of the House of Kemnade 200 years ago - Bochum 6. Heimatbuch 1954 (accessed on November 28, 2009)
  11. ↑ Winfried Schonefeld: Village church Bochum-Stiepel. Evangelical Church Community Stiepel, Bochum 1994, p. 4.
  12. ↑ Winfried Schonefeld: Village church Bochum-Stiepel. Evangelical Church Community Stiepel, Bochum 1994, p. 12
  13. ↑ Bernd Figgemeier in: 1000 years of the Bochum-Stiepel village church. Evangelical Church Community Stiepel, Bochum 2008, pp. 116–128
  14. ↑ The new organ in the Stiepeler village church - Ev. Parish of Stiepel (accessed on November 29, 2009)
  15. ↑ The Stiepeler Dorfkirche / Events - Ev. Parish of Stiepel (accessed on November 29, 2009)

Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ′ 59 ″  N , 7 ° 14 ′ 7 ″  E