Squidward Troll

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Memorial plaque on the site of the former birth house
Monument in Bad Cannstatt
Troll's gravestone in the Steigfriedhof

Thaddäus Troll , actually Hans Bayer (born March 18, 1914 in Stuttgart-Cannstatt ; † July 5, 1980 in Stuttgart ), was a German writer and one of the most famous Swabian dialect poets . He wrote essays, feuilletons, glosses, travel and city books, children's books, novels, satires, skits, mouth-art poems, radio and television plays, plays. In addition, several stage arrangements were made, including a. Paris Life (1952), comic opera by Jacques Offenbach and 1965 for Erwin Piscator The Adventures of the Good Soldier Schwejk by Jaroslav Hašek .

Life

Hans Bayer grew up in the Cannstatt district of Stuttgart as the son of a family that ran a soap-making business on Marktstrasse . He passed the Abitur in 1932 at the Johannes Kepler High School . After a short internship at the Cannstatter Zeitung , he studied German studies , art history , comparative literature , theater and newspaper studies at the universities of Tübingen , Munich , Halle and Leipzig , and in 1938 he was in Leipzig with a dissertation on press and news for prisoners of war Germans for Dr. phil. PhD. In Tübingen, Bayer was active in the Palatia gymnastics club , which belonged to the Representative Convent ( VC for short ), a corporate association of dutiful and color-bearing student associations . Bayer became a soldier in 1938 and was a member of a propaganda company on the Eastern Front from 1941 onwards . In this role he also wrote texts on anti-Semitic photo reports from the Warsaw ghetto in 1941 , in which the misery and neglect of the residents were on display and mocked with anti-Semitic clichés. Under the heading True to the Last Breath , in March 1943, in the officially desired, whitewashing Nazi propaganda style, he addressed the annihilation of the 6th German Army in Stalingrad . An exhibition that deals with this so far little illuminated phase in Bayer's life and work was shown for the first time in 2014 in Berlin in the Topography of Terror . From the 1945 with journalist Dr. Elfriede Berger was married to her daughter Eva-Suzanne. After a few years the couple divorced and Bayer married the journalist Susanne Ulrici. With her he had two daughters.

As early as 1945, during his brief internment in the Putlos prisoner of war camp set up by the British in Schleswig-Holstein , he was able to continue his training as a journalist by managing the camp theater and the camp newspaper . After his dismissal he became an employee of the Spiegel in 1947 , for which he soon and until 1951 reported as a correspondent from Stuttgart and as a theater critic from southern Germany, Switzerland and Austria. The many trips and his extensive language skills made him interesting for the new Federal Intelligence Service (BND) that had just been created . According to a statement from his employer at the time, the news magazine Der Spiegel , in June 2013, it was confirmed that Bayer / Troll was being used as an informant - although it could not be clarified whether he was an active informant for the secret service or whether he was skimmed off by it without his knowledge. In order to counter the constraints of reportage and non-fiction literature, he designed Das Wespennest as the first German post-war satirical magazine with Werner Finck in Stuttgart . When the magazine was discontinued in 1949 due to a lack of further authors and paying readers, the radical center was founded as a “parody party” as a “continuation of humor by other means” and again together with Werner Finck , to deal with the “phrase thrashing” in the To hold up the mirror to the young Federal Republic, on the other hand to create an opportunity to cultivate the "higher nonsense". As expected, the party's parliamentary success did not materialize, also because Troll, together with the publishing and theater professionals Georg Böse, Ernst Glaeser, Walter Erich Schäfer and Fritz Ludwig Schneider, started a literary group in December 1950 that was true to the name "Table of Thirteen" should include exactly this number of personalities from as different areas of life as possible.

From 1948 he also worked as a freelance writer . For this fictional side of his work, he chose the pseudonym Thaddäus Troll , in order to "stand in alphabetical order bookcases to the left of Tucholsky". In its satirical tradition, he was also a copywriter for the Düsseldorf cabaret " Kom (m) ödchen " until 1953 .

Troll / Bayer always saw themselves as a (professional) politically active author even without a party book. In 1959, Troll / Bayer was delegated by the South German Writers' Association to the Broadcasting Council of the South German Broadcasting Corporation and worked from 1970 to 1979 as Deputy Chairman of the Broadcasting Council, subsequently as Chairman of the TV Committee and member of the ARD Program Advisory Board, on the one hand to support the consideration of programs in dialect and on the other hand to initiate the award of contracts for radio and television plays to young authors. From 1968 to 1977 Troll was also the first chairman of the Baden-Württemberg Writers' Association, which he led into the newly founded Association of German Writers (VS). As of 1970, he was the deputy chairman of the VS federal executive board and, on his initiative, the writers' congress was held in Stuttgart in the same year under the Böll's motto “Unity of the loners”. At the international level, Troll / Bayer had been a member of the PEN Center of the Federal Republic of Germany since 1971, was elected to the Presidium of the PEN Center in 1975 and was PEN Vice-President from 1978.

In 1969, in a private letter campaign, he campaigned for Gustav Heinemann to be elected Federal President. From 1972 on, he supported the Social Democratic Voters' Initiative together with Günter Grass, Heinrich Böll , Klaus Staeck and other fellow writers - himself not a party member . In 1974 the three "monosyllabic" writers Böll, Grass, Troll received an invitation to a discussion in front of the SPD parliamentary group. It was announced by the Frankfurter Rundschau under the heading: "It will not be a poetry reading". As with his two colleagues, Thaddäus Troll uttered uncomfortable sentences: "Provoke the opposition, which currently lives only from the weakness of the government ... Have the courage to reject state capitalism clearly, the courage to resist the pressure of the government international corporations, the courage to contradict the alarmists, but also the courage to clearly demarcate the system changers who have smelled the musty smell of socialist superstition ... Your voters expect you to turn away from the scampering about positions as sinecures for retired functionaries. The party book should not serve as a ticket to office and dignity. The SPD can afford to put the best specialist in the right place, even if he does not have a party membership. "

In 1980, suffering from severe depression for a long time, he committed suicide in Stuttgart at the age of 66 and was buried in the Steigfriedhof in Bad Cannstatt. Troll / Bayer had already planned the funeral service during his lifetime. The clergyman had to keep himself as brief as possible, an obituary he had written was read out and distributed to the mourners. Then Trollinger wine from his birthplace Cannstatt was served.

“The one who was dismissed as a 'spirited master of cabaret', as an 'imaginative columnist' and 'Swabian poet' (one step further, and we're with the local poet from Stuttgart) was in truth an artist and poeta doctus who - read the essay ' Make poems' - his verses as well as the prose pieces formulated with a high level of awareness (and a willingness to take risks) ... Thaddäus Troll - this is one of the last great impressionists in the German language, a man who speaks, in ever new circles, for Can bring shine, which illustrates with the help of a lyrical-melodic prose atmosphere, just as Tucholsky was once able to ... ”says Walter Jens in the afterword to the Great Thaddäus Troll reader .

In memory of Thaddäus Troll, the Sponsorship Association of German Writers in Baden-Württemberg e. V. the Thaddäus Troll Prize since 1981 .

Awards

Works (selection)

  • Flying on foil - satires and grotesques at the moment. Braun & Schneider, Munich 1954
  • Little car etiquette - from the first scratch to the championship. Sanssouci Verlag, Zurich 1954
  • Theater from behind - A theater etiquette. Sanssouci Verlag, Zurich 1955
  • Longing for Nebudistan - A cheerful novel. Kindler, Munich 1956, then under the new title Help, the parents are coming! , but unabridged, by the author rev. Edition dtv, Munich 1969
  • Reading book for lovers . Sanssouci Verlag, Zurich 1958
  • Do you also enjoy driving a car? . Sanssouci Verlag, Zurich 1959
  • Great prospects . Wancura, Vienna 1959
  • Forever Your's! - Memoirs of a Virgin. Bärmeier u. Nikel, Frankfurt / Main 1961
  • Dr. Percy Eichbaum's sick visit - a cheerful reading book for sick friends. Sanssouci Verlag, Zurich 1961
  • Textbook for snobs . Sanssouci Verlag, Zurich 1962
  • The German in his caricature. A hundred years of self-criticism . Texts; Image selection by Friedrich Bohne. Bassermann, Stuttgart 1963
  • Convalescence - A comfort book for the healthy, the sick and those who do not want to be. Sanssouci Verlag, Zurich 1966
  • Germany your Swabians . Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1967
  • How to Make Your Bed - A Cheerful Goodnight Read. Sanssouci Verlag, Zurich 1968
  • Capuchin Sermons - For Him and Her. Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1971
  • Praising with lots of beautiful speeches - Germany your Swabians for advanced learners . Hoffmann et al. Campe, Munich 1972
  • How to grow old without losing your virtue . Eremiten-Presse, Düsseldorf 1973
  • Where did the kloine Kender come from? A picture book ieber a hoikels topic without Dromromgschwätz fir Kender ond fir Alte, where jong stayed sent, nor the English book by Peter Mayle . Also as a High German version from the same publisher under Where am I actually from? . An enlightening picture book without cuddles for children and the young at heart, based on the successful book by Peter Mayle. Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1974
  • Windfall - stories from daughters and women, from skiing and playing skat, from Cyprus and Spain, from wine and cigars, from bears and doctors, from yesterday and today. Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1975
  • Cooking with Squidward Troll . Fischer, Frankfurt / Main 1975
  • Romanticism in Germany - texts on 117 large-format color pictures. Stürtz, Würzburg 1975. Revised edition as Romantic World . Stürtz, Würzburg 1977
  • O Heimatland - verses in Swabian dialect. Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1976
  • The Entaklemmer - Pleasure in 5 Acts; that's in Swabian L'Avare or The Miser from Molière . Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1976
  • The heavenly computer - and other stories from above and below, from outside and inside, from over here and over, from home and on the go. Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1978
  • What's the matter with me? - A picture book for everyone, where no leida knows themselves, because se koine kender meh send ond no net to the great gheeret; nor the American Buach by Peter Mayle. Also as a high German version What's the matter with me? in the same publisher. Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1978
  • Germany your Swabians in the new dressing-up - superficially and viewed from behind. Hoffmann & Campe, Munich 1978. Unchanged new edition Silberburg-Verlag Häussermann, Tübingen 2007
  • The boiled beef . Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1979. Biblioophile edition with offset lithograph by Günther Schöllkopf. Eremiten-Presse, Düsseldorf 1979
  • The Gschicht von dr Schepfong - Wia dr Herrgott d Welt gmacht hôt ond wia s de Menscha em Paradise ganga isch. At the same time as a High German version The Story of Creation by the same publisher. Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1980
  • The great Thaddäus Troll Reader - With an afterword by Walter Jens . Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1981
  • What do we do with the moon? - and other stories from "The Latest from Thaddäus Troll". Sanssouci Verlag, Zurich 1981
  • Dearest Emilie! - An old-time postcard story. Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1985
  • How Gotthelf Grieshaber invented the pretzel . Hoffmann et al. Campe, Hamburg 1985
  • Squidward Trolls Swabian swear words . Silberburg-Verlag Häussermann, Stuttgart, 1987
  • About sleeping - three stories. Svato-Verlag, Hamburg 1991
  • I have often written to you in my head - letters from and to Thaddäus Troll, selected. by Susanne Ulrici. Silberburg-Verlag, Tübingen 1992

Non-fiction (selection and under the correct name Hans Bayer)

  • Wangen in the Allgäu . 1971
  • Urach and its Alb . 1973
  • From Paradise Garden to Garden of Earthly Delights - Lecture on September 22nd in Stuttgart. German Horticultural Society, Bonn 1977
  • Romantic castles in Germany - together with Susanne Ulrici. 1978
  • Churches and monasteries in Germany - together with Susanne Ulrici. 1980
  • O. Cullmann's progressive salvation-historical conception . Reprint. In: Helge Stadelmann (Ed.): Faith and History. Salvation history as a theme of theology , Brunnen Verlag, Giessen 1986, ISBN 3-7655-9322-2
  • Vita in deserto. Kassian's asceticism of the wasteland and medieval women's mysticism . Reprint. In: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte , Vol. 98, 1987, pp. 1–27
  • The story of natural gas - With illustrations by Philippe Fix. Information Erdgas, Essen 1989
  • Abälard-Heloise correspondence and Conte du Graal in their time. A contribution to the function of literature in the religious struggles of the High Middle Ages . Reprint. In: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte , Vol. 100, 1989, pp. 3-32

Others

The SWR sent on the occasion of his 100th birthday in March 2014, a documentary film by David Spaeth .

literature

  • Hermann Sand: Why are the Swabians different, Thaddäus Troll? - An author is questioned. Ehrenwirth, Munich 1975
  • Helmut Schmidt: Congratulations for Thaddäus Troll - telegram from the Federal Chancellor on his 65th birthday. In: Bulletin of the Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, 1979 (No. 34), p. 316
  • Helmut Schmidt : Condolences on the death of Hans Bayer - Telegram from the Federal Chancellor to Ms. Susanne Bayer. In: Bulletin of the Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, 1980 (No. 82), p. 696.
  • Jörg Bischoff: Thaddäus Troll. A Swabian soul . Silberburg-Verlag, Tübingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8425-1268-9 .
  • Andreas Nachama : Hans Bayer - war reporter in World War II [catalog accompanying the exhibition of the same name] . Topography of Terror Foundation , Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-941772-18-2

Web links

Commons : Squidward Troll  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ DNB 571948359
  2. ↑ See Bayer's own account in an interview with Peter Roos: Genius loci. Conversations about literature and Tübingen . 2nd edition. Tübingen 1986, pp. 24-39, DNB 861084047 .
  3. ↑ Including the "Reportage" Jews among themselves, notorious for their particular cynicism . In: Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung , No. 30 (July 24, 1941), pp. 790–793 (Ill. In: Hans Bayer. War reporter in World War II . Catalog accompanying the exhibition of the same name. Topographie des Terrors Foundation , Berlin 2014, p. 55 -58). - Bayer's participation in the article not marked by name results from the entry on May 9, 1941 in his personal diary: “Essay Jews among themselves ” (Fig. Ibid, p. 53).
  4. ↑ His beautiful, dirty war . Der Tagesspiegel , August 18, 2014
  5. ^ Marburger Zeitung . Official organ of the Styrian Heimatbund. Vol. 83, No. 79/80. Marburg-Drau, 20./21. March 1943, p. 3.
  6. ↑ Topography of Terror Foundation , Berlin
  7. ^ Klaus Wiegrefe : Hidden research. The Federal Intelligence Service recruited journalists as informants in the 1950s and 1960s. Now he had to name his informers for the first time . In: Der Spiegel . No. 23 , 2013, p. 42 f . ( online ). More concise news BND reveals journalists as informants . Spiegel Online , June 2, 2013.
  8. ↑ Werner Finck . In: Der Spiegel . No. 41 , 1949 ( online ).
  9. ↑ Dieter Schnabel: Sometimes someone has to be there to remember . Books on Demand, p. 92
  10. ↑ swr.de
personal data
SURNAME Troll, Squidward
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bayer, Hans (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH March 18, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Stuttgart-Cannstatt
DATE OF DEATH 5th July 1980
Place of death Stuttgart