Trujillo (Spain)

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Trujillo municipality
Trujillo - town view with churches and castle
Trujillo - town view with churches and castle
coat of arms Map of Spain
Trujillo Coat of Arms
Trujillo (Spain) (Spain)
Finland road sign 311 (1994-2020) .svg
Basic data
Autonomous Community : ExtremaduraExtremadura Extremadura
Province : Cáceres
Comarca : Tierra de Trujillo
Coordinates 39 ° 28 ′  N , 5 ° 53 ′  W Coordinates: 39 ° 28 ′  N , 5 ° 53 ′  W
Height : 564  msnm
Area : 649.51 km²
Residents : 9,012 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density : 13.88 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 10200
Municipality number  ( INE ): 10195
administration
Website : Trujillo
Trujillo Plaza Mayor
Trujillo Plaza Mayor
Trujillo, old town street with the tower of Santa María Mayor

Trujillo is a southwestern Spanish city and a municipality (municipio) with a total of 9,012 inhabitants (at January 1, 2019) in the province of Cáceres in the autonomous region of Extremadura . The historic center of the small town, which is also known as the “cradle of the conquistadors ”, is recognized as a cultural asset ( Bien de Interés Cultural ) in the Conjunto histórico-artístico category .

Location and climate

The small town of Trujillo is about 1 km west of the A-5 (also E 90 ) at an altitude of about 564  m . The closest major city is the provincial capital of Cáceres, about 46 km to the west . The climate in winter is harsh, but in summer it is dry and warm; Rain (approx. 500 mm / year) falls mainly in the winter half-year.

Population development

year 1857 1900 1950 2000 2017
Residents 7,858 12,512 14,587 8,713 9,274

The mechanization of agriculture and the abandonment of small farms in the second half of the 20th century resulted in a decline in purchasing power, which also led to a decline in the population in the small town.

economy

The area around Trujillo is largely agricultural, with livestock traditionally playing an important role; the place offered the necessary regional services in the fields of handicraft and trade. The region around Trujillo belongs to the Montánchez subzone in the Ribera del Guadiana wine-growing region . For a long time the tourism sector was only of minor importance.

history

In Roman times the city was known as Turris Iulia , from which the current name is derived, while in the 2nd century Ptolemy mentioned a city called Turgalium . No finds have been made from the Visigothic period . A Moorish fortress was built in the 10th century . During the Arab rule over Spain, the city was known as Torgiela . During the Christian reconquest reconquista Trujillo was founded in 1186 by Alfonso VIII. Of Castile occupied shortly afterwards (in 1189) but back to the Almohad lost. In 1232, the final reconquest by Christian knights took place. In 1431, John II of Castile gave Trujillo city ​​rights . In the 16th century, numerous conquerors of the " New World " set out from here .

Attractions

  • The medieval Castillo de Trujillo occupies the slightly higher neighboring hilltop. It stands on the site of a Moorish fortress from the 9th century.
  • Almost all of the city's significant buildings are located on the main square (Plaza Mayor) , including numerous palaces and arcaded houses from the time of the conquest ( conquista ) , including the Palacio de commissioned by Hernando Pizarro , a brother of the conquistador Francisco Pizarro , in 1562 Los Marqueses de la Conquista . The equestrian monument diagonally opposite shows the conquistador himself. The side streets also offer a lot of atmosphere.
  • The Iglesia de San Martín de Tours , built from around 1450 to 1564, dominates the square. Its interior has a single nave, but has several side chapels; it is spanned by a late Gothic star vault.
  • The three-aisled Iglesia Santa María la Mayor from the 13th century was built during the transition from Romanesque ( bell tower ) to Gothic ( nave ). The central nave has a rich star vault from around 1540, while the side aisles show simpler ribbed vaults . The church has several altars (retablos) , but the main altar is particularly impressive with its numerous picture panels from the 16th century.
  • The Museo Casa Pizarro is located in the house where Francisco Pizarro was born and offers a wealth of information on the history of the conquest of the Inca Empire. The large-format wall painting of an Indian woman with all the fruits that came to Europe from South America is quite instructive; next to it a European with the plants that were transferred from Europe to America ( Columbian Exchange ) .
  • The Museo de la Coria presents various things that have to do with the Spanish conquest of America.

Town twinning

Born in Trujillo

Trivia

The hero in the movie Gladiator comes from near the ancient city of Turris Julia .

See also

Web links

Commons : Trujillo  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. ↑ Trujillo - climate tables
  3. ^ Trujillo - population development
  4. ↑ Trujillo History
  5. ^ Trujillo - Church of San Martín de Tours
  6. ^ Trujillo - Iglesia de Santa María Mayor