Tučekit

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tučekit
General and classification
other names

Tucekit

chemical formula
  • Ni 9 Sb 2 S 8
  • Ni 9 (Sb, As) 2 S 8
  • Sb 2 Ni 9 S 8
Mineral class
(and possibly department) 		Sulfides and sulfosalts
System no. to Strunz
and to Dana 		2.BB.10
03.02.05.05
Similar minerals Ullmannite , millerite
Crystallographic Data
Crystal system tetragonal
Crystal class ; symbol ditetragonal-dipyramidal; 4 / m  2 / m  2 / m
Space group P 4 / mmm (No. 123)Template: room group / 123
Lattice parameters a  = 7.17  Å ; c  = 5.40 Å
Formula units Z  = 1
Physical Properties
Mohs hardness 5.5 to 6 ( VHN 20 = 718 kg / mm 2 )
Density (g / cm 3 ) calculated: 6.15
Cleavage is missing
Break ; Tenacity clamshell; brittle
colour light brass yellow, brownish yellow on polished surfaces
Line color not defined
transparency opaque (opaque)
shine Metallic luster

Tučekit (also Tucekit ) is a rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of " sulphides and sulphosalts " with the chemical composition Ni 9 Sb 2 S 8 and thus chemically a nickel - antimony sulphide.

Tučekite crystallizes in the tetragonal crystal system , but has so far only been found in the form of microscopic, irregular grains up to about 20 μm in size and as inclusions in or as edge formation on other minerals. The mineral is in any form opaque ( opaque ) and displays on the surface of the bright yellow brass (on polished surfaces even brownish yellow) grains have a metallic luster .

Etymology and history

Was discovered Tučekit first time in the archaic chlorite - schists at Kanowna in Western Australia . It was first described in 1978 by J. Just and CE Feather, who named the mineral after Karel Tuček (1906–1990), a former curator of the National Museum of the Czech Republic in Prague.

The type material of the mineral is in the mineralogical collection of the Mines ParisTech (English Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines ) in Paris (France), the collection of the Melbourne Museum (formerly Museum of Victoria ) in Australia under the catalog no. M34248 (HT) and the collection of the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC (USA) under catalog no. 146921 and 146920 kept.

classification

Since the Tučekit was only recognized as an independent mineral in 1975 and this was only published in 1978, it is not yet included in the 8th edition of the mineral classification according to Strunz , which has been out of date since 1977 . Only in the Lapis mineral directory according to Stefan Weiß, which, out of consideration for private collectors and institutional collections, is still based on this old form of Karl Hugo Strunz's system , was the mineral given the system and mineral number. II / B.15-10 . In the "Lapis system" this corresponds to the class of "sulfides and sulfosalts" and there the section "Sulfides, selenides and tellurides with [the molar ratio] metal: S, Se, Te> 1: 1", where Tučekit (here: Tucekit ) together with Hauchecornit , Arsenohauchecornit , Tellurohauchecornit , Bismuthauchecornit forms the "Hauchecornit-Gruppe" (status 2018).

The 9th edition of Strunz's mineral systematics, which has been in effect since 2001 and was updated by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) until 2009, classifies the Tučekit in the more precisely defined section of "Metal sulfides, M: S> 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1) " a. This is, however, further subdivided according to the predominant metals in the compound, so that the mineral can be found according to its composition in the sub-section "with nickel (Ni)", where it also forms the "hauchecornite group" together with arseno whiff cornite, bismuth whiff cornite, whisker cornite and tellurium whiff cornite with the system no. 2.BB.10 forms.

The systematics of minerals according to Dana , which is mainly used in the English-speaking world , assigns the Tučekit to the class of "sulfides and sulfosalts" and there in the department of "sulfide minerals". Here it is in the " Hauchecornitgruppe, complex nickel sulfides (tetragonal: P4 / nnn or I4 / mmm) " with the system no. 03.02.05 within the sub-section " Sulphosalts with the ratio z / y = 4 and the composition (A + ) i (A 2+ ) j [B y C z ], A = metals, B = semi-metals, C = non-metals" Find.

Chemism

According to the ideal (theoretical) chemical composition of Tučekit (Ni 9 Sb 2 S 8 ), the compound consists of 51.37% nickel (Ni), 23.68% antimony (Sb) and 24.95% sulfur (S).

Microprobe analyzes of the type material from Kanowna (Western Australia) showed 47.34% Ni, 21.62% Sb and 25.19% S additional contents of 3.61% iron (Fe), 1.06% cobalt (Co) and 0, 86% arsenic (As) as well as 1.84% bismuth (Bi) and 0.30% tellurium , which replace a corresponding proportion of nickel and antimony . On the basis of eight sulfur atoms, the empirical composition results (Ni 8.21 Fe 0.66 Co 0.18 ) Σ = 9.05 (Sb 1.81 As 0.12 Bi 0.09 Te 0.02 ) Σ = 2.04 S 8.00 idealized to (Ni, Fe, Co) 9.05 (Sb, Bi, Te) 1.00 (Sb, As) 1.04 S 8 .

Further analysis of Tučekit samples from the Witwatersrand in South Africa showed a similar composition of 47.8% Ni, 21.87% Sb and 25.13% S as well as 3.75% Fe, 1.34% As and 1.02% Bi, which corresponds to the empirical formula (Ni 8.31 Fe 0.69 ) Σ = 9.00 (Sb 1.83 As 0.18 Bi 0.05 ) Σ = 2.06 S 8.00 .

Crystal structure

Tučekit crystallizes isotypically with hauchecornite in the tetragonal crystal system in the space group P 4 / mmm (space group no. 123) with the lattice parameters a  = 7.17 and c  = 5.40  Å as well as one formula unit per unit cell . Template: room group / 123

Education and Locations

Tučekit is formed by hydrothermal processes in nickel-rich veins . At its type locality, the Kanowna gold field about 25 km northeast of Kalgoorlie in Western Australia, the mineral was found in paragenesis with chalcopyrite , gersdorffite , magnetite , millerite , pendlandite and pyrite as well as supergenic (secondary) polydymite .

As a rare mineral formation, Tučekit has only been found in a few places worldwide, with around 20 sites documented so far (as of 2020). With the copper mine "Whim Creek" near Karratha City (formerly Roebourne Shire ), only one other location in Australia is known so far.

In Germany, the mineral has so far only been found in North Rhine-Westphalia , more precisely in the former mines Stahlberg near Müsen, Schnellenberg near Beienbach, Jakobskrone and Kronewald near Achenbach (Siegen) , the Brüderbund near Eiserfeld and Adler near Siegen- Eisern in the Siegerland ore district (Siegen district -Wittgenstein).

The only known site in Austria so far is a metamorphic manganese deposit near the municipality of Dürnstein in Styria . In Switzerland, the former "Mine de Grand-Praz", an abandoned mine with Cu-Ni-Bi-As mineralization near Ayer in the canton of Valais, is also only one known site for Tučekit.

In South Africa Tučekit could except the gold deposit on the Witwatersrand and the gold mine Vaal Reef in Klerksdorp in the North West Province where the mineral with Dyscrasit , Geversit , Michenerit, stibnite , stibiopalladinite , Sudburyit and tetrahedrite occurred socialized, still in the "Western Deep Levels 1 Mine ”and generally found in the West Rand District of Gauteng Province.

In mineral samples from the Vozhmin massif (also Vozhma massif ; Russian: Вожминского массива ) with serpentinized wehrlite and Olivinit in to Finland corresponding landscape of North Karelia on the border with Russia came as a further assemblages still Cobaltit , Geversit , Heazlewoodite , Maucherite , Melonit , Nickeline , solid copper and silver as well as Vozhminit as type mineral .

Tučekit was also discovered in France , the United Kingdom and the Ukraine . A possible location in the former Hirogawara manganese mine in Saitama Prefecture on the Japanese island of Honshū is questionable and has not yet been confirmed.

use

Due to its rarity, Tučekite is not important as a nickel ore. Levels of the mineral are only sought after by collectors.

See also

literature

  • J. Just, CE Feather: Tučekite, a new antimony analogue of hauchecornite . In: Mineralogical Magazine . tape 42 , 1978, pp. 278–278 (English, rruff.info [PDF; 55 kB ; accessed on April 14, 2020]).
  • Michael Fleischer , GY Chao, Adolf Pabst : New mineral names . In: American Mineralogist . tape 64 , 1979, pp. 464–467 (English, rruff.info [PDF; 335 kB ; accessed on April 14, 2020]).
  • Friedrich Klockmann : Klockmann's textbook of mineralogy . Ed .: Paul Ramdohr , Hugo Strunz . 16th edition. Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-82986-8 , pp. 834 (first edition: 1891).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Malcolm Back, William D. Birch, Michel Blondieau and others: The New IMA List of Minerals - A Work in Progress - Updated: March 2020. (PDF; 2.44 MB) In: cnmnc.main.jp. IMA / CNMNC, Marco Pasero, March 2020, accessed April 14, 2020 .
  2. ↑ a b c Stefan Weiss: The large Lapis mineral directory. All minerals from A - Z and their properties. Status 03/2018 . 7th, completely revised and supplemented edition. Weise, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-921656-83-9 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Hugo Strunz , Ernest H. Nickel : Strunz Mineralogical Tables. Chemical-structural Mineral Classification System . 9th edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-510-65188-X , p.  69 (English).
  4. ↑ David Barthelmy: Tucekite MineralData. In: webmineral.com. Retrieved April 14, 2020 (English).
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Tučekite . In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America . 2001 (English, handbookofmineralogy.org [PDF; 104  kB ; accessed on April 14, 2020]).
  6. ↑ Tučekite. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed April 14, 2020 .
  7. ↑ a b c J. Just, CE Feather: Tučekite, a new antimony analogue of hauchecornite . In: Mineralogical Magazine . tape 42 , 1978, pp. 278–278 (English, rruff.info [PDF; 55 kB ; accessed on April 14, 2020]).
  8. ↑ Catalog of Type Mineral Specimens - T. (PDF 87 kB) In: docs.wixstatic.com. Commission on Museums (IMA), December 12, 2018, accessed August 29, 2019 .
  9. ↑ Ernest H. Nickel, Monte C. Nichols: IMA / CNMNC List of Minerals 2009. (PDF; 1.82 MB) In: cnmnc.main.jp. IMA / CNMNC, January 2009, accessed April 14, 2020 .
  10. ↑ Tučekit. In: Mineralienatlas Lexikon. Stefan Schorn u. a., accessed on April 15, 2020 .
  11. ↑ Kanowna Goldfield, Kalgoorlie-Boulder Shire, Western Australia, Australia. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed April 14, 2020 .
  12. ↑ Localities for Tučekite. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed April 14, 2020 .
  13. ↑ a b List of locations for Tučekit in the Mineralienatlas and Mindat , accessed on April 14, 2020.
  14. ↑ NS Rudashevskii, YP Men'shikov, AA Lentsi, NI Shumskaya, AB Lobanova, GN Goncharov, AG Tutov: Вожминит - (Ni, Co) 4 (As, Sb) S 2 - Новый Минерал . In: Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva . tape 111 , no. 4 , 1982, pp. 480–485 (Russian, rruff.info [PDF; 505 kB ; accessed on March 26, 2020] English translation of the title: Vozhminite, (Ni, Co) 4 (As, Sb) S 2 , a new mineral).