Tower hill Wöhr

Tower hill Wöhr
Alternative name (s):	Wall or Eppelein storm
Creation time :	Late medieval
Castle type :	Niederungsburg, island location, moth
Conservation status:	Burgstall
Place:	Wiesenttal - Wöhr
Geographical location	49 ° 48 '15.5 "  N , 11 ° 14' 37.6"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 48 '15.5 "  N , 11 ° 14' 37.6"  E
Height:	310  m above sea level NN

The Tower Hill Wöhr is the residue of a dialed , probably late medieval motte (moth), located in the valley of the Wiesent at Streitberg in Upper Franconia market Wiesenttal was. It is popularly known as the Wall or Eppelein storm . The castle was later the residence of a noble family and was destroyed several times and then rebuilt. Hardly any traces of it have survived; today it is a ground monument.

Geographical location

The tower hill is located in the somewhat further valley of the Wiesent, about 200 meters southeast of the hamlet of Wöhr , immediately north of the river at about 310  m above sea level. NN height and about 1100 meters west of the Protestant parish church Sankt Laurentius in Muggendorf .

history

The early history of this small hilltop castle is unknown. It may have been the residence of the Strong in Muotichendorf (Muggendorf), but there is no evidence of this. A weak reference is the fief from the year 1399, in which Heinrich Stübig got the dwelling, half of the Hammerwiese to Muggendorf and an estate in Muggendorf as a fief alongside other estates. Later the castle for Werde (Wöhr) was probably the seat of a ministerial family , the important Franconian noble family of the Schlüsselbergs . This sex sat at Neideck Castle in the immediate vicinity of the small complex in the valley.

The tower hill castle was first mentioned in a document in 1360 as "walle czun Werde". The name Walle, or whale, Waale, Wale, Wahl or Vale, which is often used in the East Franconian region, stands for a smaller tower hill castle or a knight's seat, more precisely the artificially raised hill of the system. Accordingly, the seat was already in ruins back then. The reason for the destruction is unknown, but it was most likely related to the siege and conquest of Neideck Castle by the bishops of Würzburg and Bamberg and the burgraves of Nuremberg , where Konrad II von Schlüsselberg was killed on September 14, 1347 and which led to the division of the Schluesselberger property among the victors.

A Boppo Neidecker received 70 pounds of Heller in 1360 from Bishop Leopold III of Bamberg . von Bebenburg for the castle hat service on the Neideck, but he had to do without his former property, a farmstead on the Walle zum Werd, the Gerhardswiese and a farm where a Holtzner lived at the time. In the same year, a Friedrich Neidecker renounced the rest of the Hofstatt zum Werde and the fields there that bordered a tree garden. Thus, the Neidecker family of ministers had owned a farmstead and several fields near Wöhr Castle, the castle itself was in the possession of these sovereigns until the Schluisselberg family died out with the death of Konrad II and then came to the diocese of Bamberg.

The castle complex was later rebuilt, because in 1399 the Bamberg diocese awarded the "dwelling to be located under Neideck", the associated mill , the water there (a section of the Wiesent) and several goods, including meadows and forests near Muggendorf and Pretzfeld a Heinrich Stübig. Stübig was a nickname for the Neidecker. In 1425 the castle passed to Hans von Egloffstein and his wife Margarethe. They got the castle next to the residence in the nearby Trainmeusel as Leibgeding, i.e. for life. There are no historical reports about the castle from a later period; Presumably it was destroyed in 1430 with the seat in Trainmeusel during the Hussite Wars , because the Hussites invaded the office of Gößweinstein at this time and also burned down the nearby Ebermannstadt.

In the opportunity of the landscape simpt the fords and helten darinnen , a terrain exploration of the imperial city of Nuremberg before the Landshut War of Succession of 1504/05, it says: “zum Werd, ain Sitz und ain mul is Bambergisch”. The castle was apparently rebuilt again after the Hussite Wars; to whom this residence was awarded at the time is unknown.

Due to the lack of later information about Wöhr Castle, it can be assumed that it was finally destroyed during the Peasants' War around 1525. Konz Sponsel, farmer zu Wöhr, did not join the rebellious farmers, but remained loyal to the bishop of Bamberg and even helped in the successful defense of Neideck Castle.

Current condition

Only very faint traces of the tower hill are visible, the castle grounds are used for agriculture and are freely accessible.

The ground monument registered by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation as a "late medieval tower hill" has the monument number D-4-6133-0106.

description

The rectangular hill, about nine by twelve meters in size, has only been preserved at a height of about one meter; in 1842 the remains of the wall were still visible. There was probably no wall or ditch because the facility was on a small island in the Wiesent. Immediately to the north of it, the trough-shaped traces of an old meadow arm are faintly visible. The names of the castle and today's hamlet of Wöhr and Werde (island) underline this.

See also : List of German hill towers

literature

• Hellmut Kunstmann : The castles of south-western Franconian Switzerland . 2nd edition, Kommissionsverlag Degener & Co, Neustadt an der Aisch 1990, pp. 36–37.

References and comments

1. ↑ About this castle name, see: Hellmut Kunstmann: Mensch und Burg - Burgenkundliche Observations an East Franconian fortifications, p. 27ff.
2. ↑ Source history: Hellmut Kunstmann: The castles of southwestern Franconian Switzerland , p. 36ff.
3. ^ The tower hill Wöhr on the side of the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation