Burgstall Schlossberg (Haidhof)

Burgstall Schlossberg
Photo 1: The last remains of the castle wall in a crevice
Alternative name (s):	Burgstall on the Flöss, Heidenstein
Creation time :	probably during the second half of the 12th century
Castle type :	Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status:	Castle stable, little masonry and ditches preserved
Standing position :	unknown
Construction:	Small ashlar masonry
Place:	Graefenberg - Haidhof - "Schlossberg"
Geographical location	49 ° 41 '34.1 "  N , 11 ° 13' 8.6"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 41 '34.1 "  N , 11 ° 13' 8.6"  E
Height:	560.1  m above sea level NN

The Postal Schlossberg , who also Burgstall on the Flöss or Heidenstein is called, is an Outbound probably late medieval nobility castle above the village Haidhof , a district of Gräfenberg in the Upper Franconian district of Forchheim in Bavaria .

The castle stable of the former Spornburg is freely accessible at all times and serves as a lookout point.

Geographical location

The castle stables of the Spornburg are located in the Franconian Switzerland-Veldenstein Forest Nature Park at 560.1  m above sea level. NN on a raft called, rocky and southeast-facing mountain spur of Haidhofer Schloßberg ( 569  m above sea level ), which is about three kilometers west-southwest of Egloffstein .

Also nearby are the Egloffstein Castle , the Thuisbrunn castle ruins in the village of the same name, a presumed castle stables east of Thuisbrunn and the Burgstein castle stables on the castle stone of the same name near Ortspitz.

History of the castle

There is no documentary evidence of the lost castle itself , nor is its name known. The Nuremberg castle researcher Hellmut Kunstmann dates its construction in the second half of the 12th century, it probably fell into disrepair in the early 13th century. It was on a medieval old road that led from Eggolsheim via Weilersbach , Kirchehrenbach , Leutenbach and Ortspitz past the castle, then continued to Haidhof , Thuisbrunn and Dörnhof and merged into the street at Trubachtal.

There is an indirect mention of the castle in the opportunity of the landscape mitsampt den fords und helltten darinnen , a site survey of the imperial city of Nuremberg before the Landshut War of Succession of 1504/05, there it says: a stop , i.e. a defense option, called at the raft .

View of the Haidhofer Schloßberg with the castle rock from the east

The castle stood on the site of a prehistoric fortification, probably a hilltop settlement from the Urnfield period , the late Hallstatt period or the early La Tène period . A section wall with an outer moat can still be seen west of the abandoned castle.

The ground monument recorded by the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments as a presumable hilltop settlement from the Urnfield period and the late Hallstatt or early Latène period, as well as a medieval castle stable , bears monument number D-4-6333-0019.

description

Photo 2: The bridge pier in the neck ditch

The former castle stood on a rock ridge that was only two meters narrow, but 130 meters long, which first ran 30 meters in a west-east direction and then turned to the south-east. The south side drops off as a steep slope, the entire north side drops as a vertical rock face about ten meters deep.

In front of the castle grounds you can see a two to three meter deep and seven meter wide pit, from which building material for the castle was probably extracted.

The slightly higher-lying area of ​​the castle was separated from the mountain spur by a neck ditch that was probably unfinished and led in the steps. The ditch runs from north to south and ends after about two thirds of the width of the mountain spur, the remaining third is probably still in its natural state. It is four meters deep and just as wide. A similar situation exists in the Ahorntal near the Burgstall on the Kandelberg near Körzendorf. The neck trench was also started there, albeit from both sides. In the middle of the ridge a drivable remnant was left, it probably served to better transport the building material to the castle construction site. Between the moat and the castle you can still see a ledge that probably served as a kennel .

A rock tower was left in the northern part of the neck ditch of the castle near Haidhof (Fig. 2). The rock, sometimes called the sacrificial stone , had the function of a bridge pillar. Up to it there was probably a fixed bridge construction, after the pillar a drawbridge led diagonally upwards to the castle entrance.

At the entrance to the castle, about 5.5 meters after the moat, the floor plan of a square building with a side length of about 12 meters can be seen in the wooded area. According to Kunstmann, the wall was about one meter thick. The southern half of the building probably has a basement, which can be seen through the vertically worked rocks. The castle path led over the bridge and then north past the tower-like building into the outer bailey . The last larger remaining wall remnant is in a crevice on the north side of the outer bailey (Fig. 1). The three meter high lining wall consists of five layers of hewn stone blocks that are up to 50 centimeters wide.

On the rest of the area of ​​the outer bailey, apart from artificial rock processing, no further building traces can be seen. The outer bailey is separated from the main castle by a three to four meter deep and three meter wide second neck ditch . It is bridged by a wooden walkway, there is probably a second former drawbridge there. Immediately after the section trench, rock workings indicate a gatehouse. A little further on, the remains of the wall of an approximately five-meter-wide abandoned building can be seen.

The last section of the castle at the top of the mountain spur consists of a 5 by 12 meter plateau on which no traces of the wall can be seen and which serves as a lookout point.

literature

• Walter Heinz: Former noble residences in the Trubach valley . Verlag Palm and Enke, Erlangen / Jena 1996, ISBN 3-7896-0554-9 , pp. 120–129.
• Hellmut Kunstmann : The castles of south-western Franconian Switzerland . Commission publisher Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 1990, ISBN 3-86652-928-7 , pp. 236-238.

Web links

Commons : Schlossberg (Haidhof)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} map services ( memento of the original from December 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation  
2. ^ Location of the Burgstall in the Bavaria Atlas
3. ↑ Hellmut Kunstmann: The castles of south-western Franconian Switzerland , p. 238
4. ^ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
5. ↑ List of monuments for Graefenberg (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 153 kB)
6. ↑ Source description: Walter Heinz: Former noble seats in the Trubachtal , p. 122 ff.