Uhyst on the diver

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Uhyst on the diver
community Burkau
Coordinates: 51 ° 11 ′ 31 ″  N , 14 ° 13 ′ 6 ″  E
Height : 234 m above sea level NN
Residents : 295  (May 9, 2011)
Incorporation : January 1, 1994
Postal code : 01906
Area code : 035953
Town view from the west
Aerial view

Uhyst am Taucher ( Upper Sorbian Horni Wujězd ) is the second largest district in terms of inhabitants in the municipality of Burkau , is located around 15 kilometers west of Bautzen on the federal motorway 4 and can be reached directly via the Uhyst am Taucher junction of the same name . The landmark of Uhyst a. T. is the parish and motorway church that is open to visitors 24 hours a day. It can be seen from afar from the motorway.

Place name

The name Uhyst is derived from the Old Slavic ujazdu and means riding around a piece of land for the purpose of taking possession, cf. Mounted (in the sense of area) and bifang . The extension at Taucher serves to demarcate it from the town of the same name Uhyst on the Spree . The diver is a forest near Uhyst.

history

Uhyst was first mentioned in a document in 1336 . At that time it probably belonged to the von Pannewitz family, an old noble family from Upper Lusatia . In 1484 Uhyst became the property of the city of Bautzen . This grouped the council villages together into individual inspections and subordinated them to a councilor, the inspector. He had to pay attention to the regular payment of the taxes and the fulfillment of other duties and exercised the higher jurisdiction on behalf of the city. Uhyst's inspector was often the ruling mayor. He held his meetings in the so-called inspection house. The city arms of Bautzen on this building still bear witness to its former importance. In 1547 the town in the Upper Lusatian Pönfall temporarily lost Uhyst and the diving forest. She bought both back from King Ferdinand in 1555 for 5000 thalers.

During the Seven Years' War and the Napoleonic Wars , the Uhyster suffered a lot, as they were obliged to make large deliveries to the city of Bautzen.

Historical measuring table sheet, Sect. Bischofswerda, No. 4851 with Uhyst on the diver

For his statistics on the Sorbian population in Upper Lusatia, Arnošt Muka determined a population of 315 inhabitants in the 1880s; 211 of them were Sorbs (67%) and 104 Germans. Until Pastor Theodor Kappler left for Bautzen, Sorbian was also preached in the Uhyster Church. The use of the language declined sharply in the 20th century. Today Uhyst is no longer in the official settlement area of ​​the Sorbs .

In 1928 Elisabeth v. Wilcke elected Germany's first female mayor.

Diving forest

An archaeological deposit found in 1926 uncovered traces of the late Aunjetitz culture (1800–1600 BC) in the diving forest .

In 1484 the city of Bautzen and the village of Uhyst probably also bought the diving forest, which King Wenzel had previously assigned to the abbess Anna von Kamenz and the Marienstern monastery in 1382 . During the First World War , the city of Bautzen sold the forest to a timber company. The deforestation was prevented by the resistance of the homeland friends of the surrounding villages. In 1935 the state took over the forest.

From 1984 to 1988, stationed Soviet army in the base of operations Bischofswerda nuclear missiles of the type SS-12 . For this purpose, eight bunkers as well as further service and residential buildings were built. Until 1991 the diving forest was a restricted military area.

In 1996 the municipality of Burkau took over the 168 hectare forest for a symbolic D-Mark and made it accessible to the public again. Guided tours through the forest are offered by the Taucherwaldverein. The volunteer fire department Uhyst held here, among others, from 1996 to 2015 year in August their divers Forest Cup (20 x fire attack wet ), to emphasize the peaceful use of the forest. On Whit Monday there will be a peace service of the surrounding parishes in front of Bunker 6.

Churches

Uhyst motorway church

The first Uhyster church was mentioned in 1346. The church gained greater importance in 1523 when the Marienkapelle in Taucherwald, a much-visited place of pilgrimage, was demolished and rebuilt in Bautzen. Until it collapsed in 1550, it stood in the diving cemetery named after it (a new one was built in its place in 1558 - see diving church ). The image of Mary in the chapel was brought to the Uhyster Church and venerated there until 1551 (i.e. until the Reformation ). The last Catholic priest went to his rector in Göda with the image of Mary. When the Reformation also took place there in 1559, the pastor went with the image of Mary from Göda to Crostwitz , which was part of the church in Rosenthal , and became a pastor there. Evidence that the image of Mary in the divers chapel and later in the church of Uhyst is venerated in the church in Rosenthal today is the old Sorbian saying: " Swjata Marja je z Hodźija ćekła a so do Róžanta dała " ("St. Mary is from Göda fled and went to Rosenthal ”).

Over time, the old church became dilapidated and too small, as more and more villages were attached to the Uhyster parish. Therefore the Bautzen council decided to build a new church on the site of the old one. On April 29, 1800 the foundation stone for the current church was laid. The new church was consecrated on October 12, 1801. In 1870 the interior of the church was completely renovated, in 1895 the church was given a new baptismal font by the manor owner Hustig from Neustädtel and Jiedlitz , in 1896 a low-pressure heating system was added and in 1929 the interior was renewed again. The last renovation took place in 1996 when it was named the first motorway church in the Free State of Saxony . Headlights were also installed, which illuminate the church at night and make it clearly visible from the motorway. In 2007 the organ built by Urban Kreutzbach was restored.

literature

  • 600 years of Uhyst am Taucher. Published by the municipality of Uhyst am Taucher, 1936.
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Uhyst on the diver. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 32nd issue: Bautzen Official Authority (Part II) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1908, p. 298.

Web links

Commons : Uhyst am Taucher  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Small-scale municipality sheet: Burkau. (PDF; 579 kB) In: 2011 Census : Population, households, families and their housing situation on May 9, 2011. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , accessed on July 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Ernst Tschernik : The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954, p. 61 .
  3. ↑ Information about Uhyst on gemeinde-burkau.de; accessed on September 27, 2019