Villa Kaulbach (Hanover)
The Villa Kaulbach in Hanover is a listed villa that was built in the 19th century as a residence for the royal Hanoverian court painter Friedrich Kaulbach . The location of the ensemble of house and studio , which quickly developed into a point of attraction and performance location for numerous artists from home and abroad, is Waterloostraße 1 on Waterlooplatz in Calenberger Neustadt .
history
At the time of the Kingdom of Hanover , King George V called the painter Friedrich Kaulbach, who was then active in Munich, to the residence city of Hanover in 1856 and appointed him court painter to the royal family on November 6 of the same year . Also in 1856, the court architect Christian Heinrich Tramm received the order from the king to erect two buildings for Kaulbach on the northern tip of the royal wooden courtyard on the western arm of the Leine . So - in the vicinity of the old Leineschloss - a studio for the court painter was built between 1857 and 1858 , and then from 1859 to 1860 a house for Kaulbach was built. From this time an architectural drawing of the front view of the painter's house has been preserved as a replica by Georg Ludwig Friedrich Laves on April 6, 1859.
The house of the royal court painter Friedrich Kaulbach soon developed into an attraction not only for artists from other states of the former Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation : In addition to Hanoverian painters such as Edmund Koken and Karl Oesterley , who moved in and out here, the house also attracted foreigners Artists such as the composer Felix Draeseke , the Spanish violinist Pablo de Sarasate , the Austrian musician Richard Sahla . They gave personal concerts here, such as Clara Schumann and Johannes Brahms , who made music in the Kaulbach studio. In addition to Richard Voss , Ernst von Wildenbruch was a frequent guest when he was in Hanover.
Kaulbach's daughter, born in 1862, the writer and editor Isidore Kaulbach , later described her memories of life in the Kaulbach house (see literature). For example, she wrote about the violinist Joseph Joachim who made music on a "solemn June night" in the garden on the terrace of the house:
"The artist's soul seemed to dissolve into tones."
Joseph Joachim also introduced other musicians to the house. At the suggestion of Johannes Brahms, Friedrich Kaulbach arranged concerts with, for example, Liszt or Rubinstein in the room in which Brahms gave concerts with Clara. When the weather was nice, however, the artists mostly sat under the linden and maple trees in the garden where a century later a beer garden was set up.
The painter and portrait painter Antonie Kaulbach (1875–1958), the youngest daughter of the landlord, grew up in the apartment and studio on Waterloostraße.
As a result of the air raids on Hanover during the Second World War , Villa Kaulbach was also a victim of aerial bombs - and was initially only preserved as a torso : In the post-war period, the state capital Hanover, as the owner, leased the building at Waterloostraße 1 to an entrepreneur who rebuilt and rebuilt the house to run a sauna .
In the early 1960s, the state of Lower Saxony planned a new building for the Lower Saxony State Chancellery based on plans by Ernst Zinsser in place of the Friederikenschlösschen neighboring Villa Kaulbach . The court painter's villa was also to be demolished for this purpose, but the city of Hanover did not succeed in terminating the lease agreement concluded with the sauna operator in good time. Although the state government could not even think of building a new state chancellery in 1965 for financial reasons, on May 10, 1966 under the Hanoverian city planning director Rudolf Hillebrecht , at least the little Friederikenschlösschen next to Villa Kaulbach was demolished.
Some 18 years the family lived the theologian Hans Werner Dannowski in the neighboring building Waterloo Road 3 , from where they as a frequent visitor to the to Waterloo - Biergarten bored redeveloped former garden area of Kaulbach family.
In the year of the World Exhibition Expo 2000 , a gallery was set up in the Kaulbach Villa .
To this day, the fine structure of the cultural monument, which has so far only been restored in a simplified manner as an assembly, can still be recognized; in addition to the “delicate frieze [... for example] also the console of the lost bay on the south side” of the villa.
Building description
The architect Heinrich Christian Tramm originally created a central building made of iron and glass as a painter's studio, which was surrounded by two plastered side structures and had a high studio door at the rear. The later defaced structure later became part of the Waterloo beer garden .
The architect designed the Kaulbach residential building as a one- and two-story plastered building, the facade of which was originally constructed similarly to that of the house at Brühlstrasse 27 : While rectangular windows with console arches were let in on the ground floor , the upper floor was decorated with round-arched windows , above which a knee-high - Frieze was summarized by applied framework . A polygonal bay window attached to the side - similar to the building at Königstraße 3 , gave the facade additional expression. In addition, a "funny figure frieze" between the floors complemented the architectural decoration.
literature
- Isodore Kaulbach: Friedrich Kaulbach. Memories of my father's house. 223 pages with 8 plates, Mittler, Berlin 1931
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Ilse Rüttgerodt-Riechmann: Waterloostraße. In: Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, City of Hanover , Part 1, Volume 10.1, ed. by Hans-Herbert Möller , Lower Saxony State Administration Office - Institute for Monument Preservation , Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Braunschweig 1983, ISBN 3-528-06203-7 , p. 92f .; as well as Calenberger Neustadt in the addendum to part 2, volume 10.2: List of architectural monuments acc. § 4 ( NDSchG ) (excluding architectural monuments of the archaeological monument preservation ), status: July 1, 1985, City of Hanover , Lower Saxony State Administration Office - publications of the Institute for Monument Preservation, p. 5f.
- ↑ a b c d e f Helmut Knocke , Hugo Thielen : Waterloostraße 9, 11, 13 , in Dirk Böttcher , Klaus Mlynek (ed.): Hannover. Art and Culture Lexicon , new edition, 4th, updated and expanded edition, Springe: zu Klampen, 2007, ISBN 978-3-934920-53-8 , pp. 213f.
- ^ A b c Walther lamp : Hanover as a cultural center. In: Erich Wunderlich (Red., Ed.): Yearbook of the Geographical Society in Hanover , special volume Hanover. Image, development and importance of the capital of Lower Saxony. For the 700th anniversary of the city of Hanover , Part 1, Hanover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1942, pp. 369–416; here: p. 391; limited preview in Google Book search
- ^ A b c Hugo Thielen : Kaulbach, Friedrich. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . P. 195.
- ^ Pl .: Personal and Atelier News / Hanover. In: Art for All . Painting, sculpture, graphics, architecture , issue 21 from August 1, 1902, Munich: Bruckmann, p. 499; Digitized version of the Heidelberg University Library
- ^ A b c Friedrich Lindau : The responsibility of the state of Lower Saxony. The baseless destruction of the little castle , in this: Hanover. Reconstruction and destruction. The city in dealing with its architectural identity . Schlütersche, Hannover 2001 (2nd edition), ISBN 3-87706-607-0 , pp. 155-159; v. a, p. 156f .; limited preview in Google Book search
- ^ A b c d e Hans Werner Dannowski: "Then we'll go to Hanover". Views and impressions from a city. with eight collages by Siegfried Neuenhausen , Hanover: Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft, 2000, ISBN 3-87706-569-4 , p. 28 and others; limited preview in Google Book search
- ↑ n.v . : Kaulbach, Antonie in the database of Niedersächsische Personen (new entry required) of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library - Lower Saxony State Library in the version of April 26, 2011, last accessed on July 13, 2018.
Coordinates: 52 ° 22 '4.8 " N , 9 ° 43' 53.7" E