Vittorio Scialoja

Vittorio Scialoja (1927)

Vittorio Scialoja (born April 24, 1856 in Turin , † November 19, 1933 in Rome ) was an Italian lawyer , university professor and politician who, through the translation of Friedrich Carl von Savigny's system of today's Roman law into Italian under the title Sistema di diritto Romano attuale (1886–1898) was an authoritative representative of Italian civil law as well as minister of justice and foreign affairs.

Life

Studies and university professor

Vittorio Scialoja was one of five children of the economist and finance minister (1865 to 1867) Antonio Scialoja and his wife Giulia Achard (1823-1878).

As a student he attended the renowned Liceo Dante in Florence. After studying law , he took over a professorship for Roman law at the University of Camerino in 1879 and then at the University of Siena in 1881 , before he was appointed professor of Roman law at the University of La Sapienza in 1884 and taught there for almost fifty years until 1931.

During this time, between 1886 and 1898, he published Sistema di diritto Romano attuale, an extensive translation of Friedrich Carl von Savigny's system of today's Roman law into Italian, thereby making a significant contribution to the understanding of Italian civil law at the time. Along with Filippo Serafini and Contardo Ferrini, he was one of the leading scholars in the field of Roman law at the time. In addition to his teaching activities, he was the founder and permanent secretary of the Institute for Roman Law as well as sponsor and president of the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law.

Senator and Minister

At the beginning of the 20th century he began his political career and became a member of the Senate in 1904 . On December 11, 1909, he was appointed Minister of Justice by Prime Minister Sidney Sonnino and held this office until the end of Sonnino's term on March 31, 1910.

During the First World War he was from June 18, 1916 to October 30, 1917 Minister without Portfolio for Propaganda in the government of Prime Minister Paolo Boselli .

On September 26, 1919, Prime Minister Francesco Saverio Nitti Scialoja, who became a member of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in 1918 , appointed Foreign Minister in its first cabinet. He also held the office of Foreign Minister in Nitti's second cabinet until June 15, 1920, and during this time was also a delegate at the Paris Peace Conference, which lasted until January 1920 .

In 1921 Scialoja became the representative of Italy at the League of Nations and held this office for eleven years until 1932. During this time he was also President of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei for the first time from 1926 to 1932, and in 1927 he was honored with the title of Minister of State. Most recently he was again President of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei from July to November 1932.

For his many years of service in politics and in Italian law, Scialoja was awarded the Grand Cross by the Order of St. Mauritius and Lazarus and awarded by the Order of the Crown of Italy .

Publications

• Sistema di diritto Romano attuale (1886–1898)
• I problemi dello Stato italiano dopo la guerra (1918)
• Discorsi alla Società delle Nazioni (1932)
• Studi giuridici e Scritti e discorsi politici (7 volumes, 1932–36)

Web links and sources

Commons : Vittorio Scialoja  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Biography in L'Enciclopedia Italiana (online version, accessed on July 30, 2012)
• Entry in the Senatori dell'Italia liberale database of the Historical Archives of the Italian Senate
• Entry in the Portale storico of the Camera dei deputati
• Meyers Großes Personenlexikon , Mannheim 1968, p. 1203 f.

Web links

• Newspaper article about Vittorio Scialoja in the press kit of the 20th century of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Article Scialoja Antonio in Archivi di personalità. Censimento dei fondi toscani tra '800 e' 900 , accessed on March 21, 2016