Raffaele Guariglia

R. Guariglia, dating unknown

Raffaele Guariglia, Baron von Vituso (born February 19, 1889 in Rome , † April 25, 1970 ibid) was an Italian lawyer , diplomat and politician. From July 28, 1943 to February 11, 1944 he was foreign minister of his country in the provisional government of Badoglio .

Life and diplomatic career

Guariglia grew up in Salerno in a wealthy family of diplomats and lawyers with numerous connections in politics. After studying law , he worked as a journalist for about a year before joining the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. His first foreign post was - at the rank of Vice Consul - the Italian Consulate General in Paris , where he met his future wife, Francesca Maria Princess Lucchesi Palli . The two married in Naples in 1919 .

Through the intercession of Antonio Salandra , he was able to change from the consular to the more highly respected diplomatic service in Paris. In May 1913 he was transferred to the embassy in London , and at the end of the same year to Saint Petersburg , from where he worked together with the ambassador to promote Italy's entry into the First World War against the previous Triple Alliance partners. In March 1915 he returned from Russia and after a short time in the Foreign Ministry was transferred back to Paris, where he was particularly concerned with arms cooperation.

In the first post-war years, foreign posts (including Brussels , London) and assignments in the ministry alternated, with Guariglia gradually specializing in colonial and African issues. The Mussolini - Fascism was Guariglia indifferent: He was a staunch monarchist , in the area of nationalism but there were certainly points of contact such. B. in the powerful representation of one's own interests abroad.

From 1932 Guariglia was practically continuously as ambassador abroad: until 1935 in Madrid , 1936 to 1938 in Buenos Aires , 1938 to 1942 in Paris and Vichy , 1942/43 in Ankara . Because of his pro-British and pro-French sympathies, also known abroad, he appeared to the king Victor Emanuel III. After the fall of Mussolini , Marshal appointed Badoglio as a suitable candidate for the provisional leadership of the Foreign Ministry.

When the German Wehrmacht occupied Italy after the Cassibile armistice , most of the Badoglio government ministers fled to Brindisi , which was occupied by US troops , while Guariglia and a few others were supposed to stay in Rome and try to meet the Allied demand for effective administration and management Implement control of the land with the help of the ministries. After just a few days, however, these ministers had to realize their powerlessness, whereupon Guariglia sought asylum at the Spanish embassy . This de facto ended his term in office in mid-September 1943, although de jure he left the government in February 1944 as part of a cabinet reshuffle.

Political career

Unlike almost all of his predecessors, Guariglia was never a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies. He was elected to the Senate long after his ministerial tenure , to which he belonged from 1954 to 1958 for the Partito Nazionale Monarchico .

Publications

• La diplomatie difficile: mémoires 1922-1946 (French, Paris: Librairie Plon, 1955)
• Primi passi in diplomazia e rapporti dall 'ambasciata di Madrid, 1932-1934 (Naples: Edizioni scientifiche italiane, 1972, posthumous)
• Scritti "storico-eruditi" e documenti diplomatici 1936-1940 (Naples: Edizioni scientifiche italiane, 1981, posthumously)

Others

In Salerno and in Cava de 'Tirreni there is a street via Raffaele Guariglia in his memory.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Article GUARIGLIA, Raffaele in Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani , Volume 60, 2003, accessed on March 23, 2016.
2. ↑ entry "Raffaele GUARIGLIA" on the website of the Italian Senate. ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 23, 2016.