Waldmüllerpark
The Waldmüllerpark is a park in Vienna's 10th district of Favoriten and was created in 1922 on the site of the Catholic Matzleinsdorf cemetery.
location
The Waldmüllerpark has an area of around 40,000 m² and is located south of Landgutgasse and north of Dampfgasse. The main traffic routes Südbahn , Gürtel and Gudrunstraße are in the immediate vicinity.
history
Nikolsdorfer Friedhof
This cemetery was that of the suburb of Nikolsdorf , old name Niclßdorff , which had been incorporated into the Wieden district in 1850 and the newly founded Margareten in 1862 . He also took in the dead from Matzleinsdorf and the surrounding area and served to relieve the Stephansfreythof .
In 1657 the municipality of Nikolsdorf received two quarters of the yoke (a little over 1400 m²) from the monastery of Sankt Laurenz in Bernhardsthall negst Mätzelsdorf (Matzleinsdorf) to Nutz and Gwähr . The Nikolsdorfer built their gotts ackher sambt Cappelle on part of the property and surrounded the new cemetery with a wall. The approximately 20 × 30 m large area had a staircase from today's Landgutgasse. In 1675 the Maria Hilf cemetery church was built in the Schöff , which replaced the previously existing chapel. Hundreds of victims were buried here during the plague epidemic of 1679. During the Turkish siege in 1683 there was heavy destruction, afterwards the church was rebuilt as a pilgrimage destination. The Nikolsdorf cemetery was cut off by the line wall built in 1704 (which roughly corresponds to today's belt ) and could only be reached with a detour via one of the line gates. The Matzleinsdorfers therefore laid out their own small cemetery within the line wall in 1722 and built the Florianikirche in 1725 . In 1763 a hermitage was established on the site of the Nikolsdorf cemetery, which was occupied by a hermit and existed until 1782 when the Hermit Brotherhood was dissolved by Emperor Joseph II . The hermit Matthias Kauffler, called Frater Hilarion, was allowed to stay in his house, but was “demoted” to a church servant. Soon after, he was the victim of a violent crime and his murderer was executed on the Rabenstein in the Rossau .
When the cemeteries within the Linienwall were closed from January 1, 1784 due to the " Josephine Reforms " decreed by Emperor Joseph II, it was planned (as early as 1783) to expand the Nikolsdorf cemetery into a general cemetery in front of the Matzleinsdorfer Linie for all of Vienna to be enlarged four times. However, this plan was dropped again. The Nikolsdorfer Friedhof was redesigned, enlarged, expanded to include a Turkish burial area and the new Matzleinsdorfer Freythof was renamed apart from the line .
Matzleinsdorf cemetery
Because of this for hygienic reasons all cemeteries within the line wall were replaced by the five so-called “communal cemeteries”, these were the Sankt Marxer , Währinger , Schmelzer , Hundsthurmer and the Matzleinsdorfer Friedhof. With around 40,000 m², the Matzleinsdorf cemetery, opened in September 1784, was the second smallest of these. Like its predecessor, it was surrounded by a wall and the old hermitage was used as a grave digger's house (it was finally demolished in 1974). The cemetery church was closed and should be demolished; however, it was marked on city maps until the first decade of the 19th century. In 1829 another expansion to the east took place, which had previously been dispensed with because of the springs and wells there.
The opening of the Vienna Central Cemetery in 1874 also marked the end of the “communal cemeteries”, so the Matzleinsdorf cemetery was also closed. In 1879 the cemetery was finally closed to burials and converted into a park from 1922 under Mayor Jakob Reumann .
In 1874 Margareten ceded his part outside the belt, on which the cemetery was located, to the newly founded 10th district of Favoriten.
Waldmüllerpark
On October 23, 1923, the Waldmüllerpark - named after the most prominent of those buried here - was opened by Mayor Jakob Reumann.
As a reminder of the former cemetery, part of the cemetery wall, a stone arbor and a stone pergola at the main entrance have been preserved. The neo-Gothic Gewey family crypt ("Gewey-Kapelle"), the showpiece of the cemetery with a total height of almost 23 m, was demolished in 1923 because of a planned new road layout - which then did not materialize. The old trees also remained. At that time, a milk drinking hall was also built as an excursion restaurant, which was removed after the war destruction. The grounds of the cemetery nursery became a day care center for the city of Vienna . The Waldmüllerpark also includes a 4,800 m² dog zone that was set up at the site of the former Gewey crypt.
The grave grove
100 interesting tombs of the abandoned cemetery of historical and artistic value were put together to form a grave grove, which still exists today, but can only be visited on request. For this purpose, the remains were exhumed and buried again under the tombstones.
Here are the graves of Johann Paul Kaltenbaeck , Ludwig Ferdinand Schnorr von Carolsfeld , Franz Carl Weidmann , Joseph Christian von Zedlitz , Joseph Daniel Böhm , Josef Koberwein , Franz von Pillersdorf , Heinrich Eduard Josef von Lannoy , Josef Wilhelm Witteczek , Karl Ehmann , Josef Staudigl , Jacob Deutschmann , Johann Michael Vogl , Franz Xaver Gewey (see above the reference to the family crypt), Johann Nepomuk Ender , Franz Xaver Hackher zu Hart , Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin and his son Joseph Franz von Jacquin (the two gravestones were Transferred to the Botanical Garden in 1977 ), Karl Russ , Martin von Molitor , Albert Lortzing's mother Charlotte, Leopold Anton Gölis , Beethoven's brother Nikolaus Johann van Beethoven, Carl Adam Kaltenbrunner , Georg Altmütter , Joseph Sonnleithner , and Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller , after which the park was named. Under a stele with a snake holding a rose in its mouth lie 14 pupils of the Theresianum who died of typhus . Other prominent deceased were transferred to graves of honor at the Vienna Central Cemetery , for example Antonio Salieri , Christoph Willibald Gluck and Jakob Alt .
See also
literature
- Werner Schubert: Favoriten , self-published by the district museum Favoriten , Vienna 1992.
- Walter Sturm: ... except for the line. Favorites on Wienerberg . Favoritner Museum Blätter No. 30, Museumsverein im Bezirksmuseum Favoriten, Vienna 2004.
Web links
- wien.at - Waldmüllerpark
- Waldmüllerpark. In: dasrotewien.at - Web dictionary of the Viennese social democracy. SPÖ Vienna (Ed.)
Individual evidence
- ↑ this plague epidemic was the reason for the construction of the Vienna plague column on the Graben
- ^ Franz Maurer: The former Wiener Vorstadt Margareten , Vienna 1910, p. 70.
- ↑ Sturm: ... except for the line , pp. 21-26 (for the entire chapter Nikolsdorfer Friedhof )
- ↑ Sturm: ... except for the line , pp. 25-27 (for the entire chapter Matzleinsdorfer Friedhof )
- ^ Act of the Magistratabteilung 57 / R, number 22/425/21.
- ↑ Werner Schubert: Favoriten , pp. 157-171.
Coordinates: 48 ° 10 ′ 49.6 ″ N , 16 ° 21 ′ 55.2 ″ E