Helena colliery

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Helena colliery
General information about the mine
other names Colliery Helene
Colliery Helena Stollen
Funding / year Max. 40,174 t
Information about the mining company
Employees Max. 184
Start of operation 1800
End of operation 1869
Successor use Colliery Helene civil engineering
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Hard coal

Seam name

equity
Mightiness 40 inches

Seam name

Helena
Mightiness 40 inches
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 25 '42.1 "  N , 7 ° 17' 33.7"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 25 '42.1 "  N , 7 ° 17' 33.7"  E
Colliery Helena (Regional Association Ruhr)
Helena colliery
Location Helena colliery
Location Heven
local community Witten
District ( NUTS3 ) Ennepe-Ruhr district
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The Helena colliery in Heven is a former hard coal mine . The colliery was also known under the names Zeche Helene and Zeche Helena Stollen . With the transition to civil engineering , it was also called Zeche Helene civil engineering . The mine belonged to the Märkisches Bergamts district.

history

The beginnings

On June 11th of the year 1791 the general loan took place, the lending of the individual seams had to take place separately. On May 29, 1793, a contract was signed to create the Society's Erbstollen . In 1800, a crosscut was driven south from the Society's Erbstollen. The cross passage was driven starting from the cheap seam and reached the Helena seam after 30 meters. Both seams were 40 inches in thickness . Subsequently, dismantling began. In August of the following year, the Helena colliery was shut down. From May 1831 the colliery was put back into operation and a section in the seam was driven to the west . In 1834, the mutation for the seams Helena, Helena II and Helena III was inserted. In 1835 the mutation for the seam Helena IV was inserted. A length field was awarded on October 5th of the same year , but there was little dismantling that year. In the period from March 26th to April 24th, 1838, the consolidation to the United King's Crown Mine took place . The consolidation was used for mining below the bottom of the tunnel . In 1840 there was little mining, the coal was transported to a coal mine on the Ruhr.

The other years

Alignment work on the mine took place again from 1845 . To improve the weather , an overhaul was driven further in front of the eastern location . The coals extracted in the eastern town were unclean and unusable at the time. In order to find better coals again, it was planned to carry out an underground mine survey . In the village of Bo. 1 to the east and in place No. 1 to the west a narrowed seam was approached. At the request of the union , the further operation of the two locations was suspended . The cross passage to the north was driven further to further align the 40- inch seam . On March 30, 1848, three square fields were awarded, the square fields Helena I to III. On March 21, 1852, the Helena mine consolidated with the Geviertfeld Helena I and Helena II. In the same year, the Helena Erbstolln was also taken over and the right to inherit the Helena Erbstollen was deleted. In 1855 a 170 Lachter long railroad was created. The rail route began at the Erbstollen and led to the coal storage facility on the Ruhr and the land sales point at Herbeder Bridge. In the same year the transition to civil engineering was prepared. At that time, the mine was part of the Hardenstein jury area .

The last few years until the consolidation

In 1856 work began on the Helena underground construction shaft . The starting point of the shaft was at today's sports field north of Hellweg. The shaft starting point was chosen so that it could be connected directly to the planned Witten-Bochum railway line. The location of the shaft attachment point also made a direct connection to the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn possible. The bottom of the tunnel was at a depth of 44 meters from the starting point of the shaft, thus at +81 meters above sea ​​level . The shaft disc had the clear dimensions of 22 by 14 11/12 feet . In 1857 the first level was set at a depth of 74 meters (+50 meters above sea level). The shaft had meanwhile been bricked up in the upper area . Several machines were installed above ground this year. In 1858 the shaft was sunk deeper. A steam reel was used for extraction and dewatering . In the following year the second level was set at a depth of 147 meters (−23 meters above sea level). Construction of the filling sites began that same year . In order to be able to transport the extracted coal to the surrounding area, plans were made to build a horse-drawn railway to the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn station in Witten. In 1860 the crosscuts to the north and south on the weather bed and on the first underground level were in operation. It was with the excavation of the sole routes I. for the already digested seams Hammer Bank, Roman, and Laberne Laberne II. Started. In 1861, mining continued for some time in the Laberne I. seam above the tunnel floor. In the course of the year, the excavation above the tunnel bottom was finished. The cross passages were driven further on the first excavation level . The jig work has started in the Laberne I. and Hammelbeck seams. This year, a railway connection was built above ground. At that time the mine belonged to the Witten mining area .

In the following year, the main solution crosscut to the north, driven on the first underground level, reached a length of 203½ Lachter. During the driveway, a sandstone layer was penetrated, which was predominantly water-bearing. The Friedrich seam was passed through with the southern crosscut of the same bed. The cross passage reached a length of 139¾ Lachter. The seam was heavily crushed in the front area, but the seam became steadily better in the course of the driveway to the west, so that it soon had a thickness of 40 inches. In addition, this crosscut opened up the Carl seam, which was 47 inches in thickness of pure coal. In 1863 there was a seam fire in the western field . The mining in this part of the field had to be completely stopped in the Hammerbank seam. In addition, the entire western field had to be dammed . On the first excavation level, the cross passage to the north, which should serve to solve the cheap seam, was driven further. The crosscut that was used to solve seam No. 4 had started, could not yet pass through the seam that year. In the same year that was mine water of mine equity released and promoted the degraded at Zeche equity coals. In addition, the invert section to the east in the Friedrich seam was driven further this year. The seam was still badly disturbed. To the west the seam was forty inches thick. In Seam Carl, both invert sections were occupied. In 1865 belonged to Berechtsame the bill lantern that a tonnlägigen had Schacht, who was 200 meters north of the bay Helena. In 1868, the was mining authority of the trades reported to the trade union status of the coal mine in the coal mine Helena. In 1868 mainly alignment work was done. In the following year, there was consolidation to the Helene Tiefbau colliery .

Promotion and workforce

Baking coals were extracted from the mine. The first known production figures come from the year 1832, when 3929 bushels of hard coal were produced. In 1834 the production rose to 14,252 bushels of hard coal. In 1840 the production dropped drastically to 1618 bushels. Five years later, production increased to 4877 bushels of hard coal. The first workforce dates from 1847, between 18 and 36 miners were employed in the mine, who produced 31,083 bushels. In 1855, 69 miners extracted 46,998¼ tons of coal. In 1858 the workforce grew to 130 miners. The last known number of employees comes from the year 1865, at that time 174 miners were employed at the mine, who produced 40,174 tons of hard coal. The last known production figures of the mine are from 1868, in that year 25,898 tons of hard coal were produced.

What is left

Of the Helena colliery, only the area of ​​the former coal mine on the Ruhr has been preserved. This is located in Heven south of the Ruhr Bridge near the “In der Lake” road.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Ludwig Herrmann Wilhelm Jacobi : The mining, metallurgy and trade of the government district Arnsberg in statistical representation. Published by Julius Bädeker, Iserlohn 1857.
  3. ^ Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld: On the trail of coal mining. Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld-Verlag, Wetter-Wengern 1985, ISBN 3-922014-04-6 .
  4. ↑ a b Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition, unchanged reprint of the 3rd edition. Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor to Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
  5. ↑ a b R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. Fifth volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1858.
  6. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858
  7. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.
  8. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860.
  9. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Ninth volume, publishing house of the royal secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1861
  10. ↑ a b c Ministry of Trade and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Tenth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1862.
  11. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863.
  12. ↑ a b c Ministry of Trade and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864
  13. ^ The early mining of the Ruhr: Coal defeats by Urbanus and Helena (last accessed on October 30, 2012)

Web links