Żelazna (Dąbrowa)
| Żelazna Zelasno |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Opole | ||
| Powiat : | Opole | ||
| Gmina : | Dąbrowa | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 44 ' N , 17 ° 51' E | ||
| Height : | 148 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 663 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 46-120 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 77 | ||
| License plate : | OPO | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 459 Skorogoszcz - Opole | ||
| Ext. 465 Żelazna– Dobrzeń Mały | |||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
Żelazna (German Zelasno , 1934–1945 Eisenau ) is a village in Upper Silesia . The village is located in the municipality of Dąbrowa ( Dambrau ) in the powiat Opolski (Opole district) in the Polish Opole Voivodeship .
geography
Geographical location
Żelazna is located in the west of the historical region of Upper Silesia . The village is located six kilometers east of the Dąbrowa parish seat and nine kilometers northwest of the district town and voivodeship capital Opole ( Opole ). Zelasno lies in the Nizina Śląska (Silesian Plain) within the Równina Wrocławska ( Wroclaw Plain ) on the edge of the Równina Niemodlińska (Falkenberg Plain) . The village is located directly on the Oder .
The provincial road Droga wojewódzka 459 runs through the village in a south-west direction . The Droga wojewódzka 465 provincial road begins in Zelasno and leads to the car ferry in the direction of Klein Döbern .
Neighboring places
Neighboring places of Zelasno are in the northwest Niewodniki ( Niewodnik ) and in the south Sławice ( Slawitz ). On the other side of the Odra in the east is the village of Borki ( Borrek ).
history
The village was first mentioned as Zalese in 1223 . In 1228 the place is mentioned as Selsana . The Polish name Żelazna is probably derived from the word Zalesna , which translated means behind the forest. In 1275 the place is mentioned again in a document of the monastery in Czarnowanz , in which a witness Michael de Zalesna is mentioned. In the following centuries the place is mentioned several times in documents and writings under different spellings, for example in 1532 as Zelazna or 1687 as Zelassna .
After the First Silesian War in 1742, Zelasno and most of Silesia fell to Prussia .
After the reorganization of the province of Silesia which belonged rural community Zelasno from 1816 to district Opole in the administrative district of Opole . In 1845 there was a Catholic parish church, a Catholic school, a ferry house and 71 houses in the village. In the same year 431 people lived in Zelasno, all of them Catholic. In 1855 there were 433 people living in the village. In 1865 the village consisted of 27 farmers, four gardeners, 18 farmers and ten residents. In 1874 the district of Halbendorf was founded, which consisted of the rural communities of Birkowitz, Halbendorf, Leopoldsberg, Slawitz and Zelasno and the manor districts of Birkowitz, Halbendorf, Oberschale and Slawitz. In 1885 Zelasno had 637 inhabitants.
In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 325 eligible voters voted to remain in Germany and 160 to belong to Poland. In 1933, 886 people lived in Zelasno. In the course of the "Germanization of foreign place names" under the National Socialists, the place was renamed Eisenau on March 3, 1934 . In 1939 Eisenau OS had 919 inhabitants. Until 1945 the place belonged to the district of Opole .
In 1945 the previously German place came under Polish administration and was renamed Żelazna and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. In 1950 the place came to the Opole Voivodeship . Between 1945 and 1952 the village belonged to the municipality Wreske , between 1952 and 1975 to the municipality Chróścina . Żelazna has been part of the Dąbrowa municipality since 1975 . When the Oder floods in 1997 , the village was completely flooded. A commemorative plaque with the water level from July 1997 was put up on the north wall of the village church. In 1999 the place came to the re-established Powiat Opolski . In 2006 the village had 653 inhabitants. When the Oder floods in 2010, the village was flooded again.
Worth seeing
- The history of the Roman Catholic. St. Nicholas Church (Polish: Kościół Św. Mikołaja ) dates back to the 15th century. The Gothic choir and the sacristy date from this period. The tower was built in 1682. The current size of the nave when it was expanded in 1926. Inside there is a baroque high altar.
- Memorial to the killed soldiers of the Red Army - erected in 1945
- Memorial to fallen soldiers from both world wars from the cemetery - erected in 1992
- Grave of the Unknown Soldier from the cemetery
- Atonement Cross
societies
- German Friendship Circle
- Volunteer Fire Brigade OSP Żelazna
- Football club LZS FC Żelazna
Personalities
- Joseph Wolny (1844–1908), Catholic clergyman and member of the German Reichstag, from 1884 pastor in Zelasno
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku ( XLSX file, Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on August 19, 2019
- ↑ a b Johann Georg Knie: Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 772.
- ↑ Konstanty Damrot: The older place names of Silesia, their origin and meaning. In: Contributions to Silesian history and folklore. Verlag Felix Kasprzyk (Beuthen) 1896, pp. 158–159.
- ↑ Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Breslau 1865, p. 71.
- ^ Territorial district of Halbendorf / Birkental OS
- ↑ AGoFF district Opole
- ^ Results of the referendum in Upper Silesia of 1921: Literature , table in digital form ( Memento from January 24, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Opole (Polish: Opole). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ History of the Dambrau community
- ↑ [1]
- ^ History of the village
- ↑ 2010 flood
- ↑ St. Nicholas Zelasno
Chróścina (Chrosczinna) | Ciepielowice (Scheppelwitz) | Dąbrowa (Dambrau) | Karczów (Schönwitz) | Lipowa (Neuleipe) | Mechnice (Muchenitz) | Narok (Norok) | Niewodniki (Niewodnik) | Nowa Jamka (German Jamke) | Prądy (Brande) | Siedliska (Schedliske) | Skarbiszów (Karbischau) | Żelazna (Zelasno)