Żukowo (Powiat Kartuski)
| Żukowo | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Powiat Kartuski | ||
| Gmina : | Żukowo | ||
| Area : | 4.73 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 21 ' N , 18 ° 22' E | ||
| Residents : | 6567 (Dec. 31, 2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 83-330 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 58 | ||
| License plate : | GKA | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 7 : → Warsaw - Chyżne / Slovakia | ||
| DK 20 : Stargard - Szczecinek - Gdynia | |||
| Ext. 211 : → Kartuzy - Nowa Dąbrowa | |||
| Rail route : | PKP line 201: Nowa Wieś Wielka - Gdynia | ||
| PKP line 229: Pruszcz Gdański - Lębork - Łeba | |||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Żukowo ( German Zuckau , kaschb. Żukòwò , Latin Sucovia ) is a town in the Powiat Kartuski ( Powiat Karthaus ) of the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name .
Geographical location
The city is located in the former West Prussia , on the Radunia (Radaune) river on the eastern edge of Kashubian Switzerland , about 19 kilometers west of Gdansk at the intersection of state roads 7 , 20 and voivodship road 211 .
history
In the immediate vicinity of the Zuckau monastery , a German settlement emerged at the end of the 13th century. Around 1260, the Pomeranian Duke Swantopolk II granted the monastery the right to hold markets and at the same time entrusted him with building a town. At that time, however, a city had not yet been founded. In 1326 the residents of Zuckau were combined to form a German judicial community; the residents of the old town should also be subject to the jurisdiction of Schulzen. In 1433 Zuckau was devastated by the Hussites .
From the year 1661 it is recorded that the monastery school taught children from noble and middle-class families and taught them to sew, among other things. In addition to a girls 'school, there was also a boys' school. After the dissolution of the monastery in 1834, the monastery church was designated a parish church in 1836. In 1863 part of the monastery complex was sold for demolition.
Until 1920 Zuckau belonged to the circle Karthaus in the administrative district of Gdansk the province of West Prussia of the German Reich .
After the First World War , a large part of the Karthaus district, including the village of Zuckau, had to be ceded to the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship for the purpose of establishing the Polish Corridor . With the invasion of Poland in 1939, the area of the Polish Corridor became part of the Reich in violation of international law . Towards the end of World War II , the Red Army occupied the region.
Żukowo received city rights in 1989. In the coat of arms of the municipality of Żukowo there is a palmette made of Kashubian embroidery , among other motifs .
Culture
In Żukowo , women's bonnets with Kashubian embroidery are still in use today. In Poland they are called “zlotnice”. These embroideries made from silver and gold threads go back to the work of the Premonstratensian women who once lived in the Zuckau Monastery in the 18th century. The motifs of the embroidery on the lace hoods of the Kashubian women are similar to those of sacred embroidery in the Baroque style . The Premonstratensian women taught the daughters of wealthy citizens and country people the art of embroidery. One of these students was Marianna Okuniewska from Żukowo, born in 1818. “Zlotnice” were extremely valuable.
Presumably with the closure of the monastery, which dates back to 1214, in 1834 (at that time Żukowo was under Prussian rule) this embroidery tradition also ended. The granddaughter of Marianne Okuniewska, Zofia (born 1896), and Jadwiga Ptach renewed the tradition of Kashubian embroidery (Żukowo school) before the outbreak of the Second World War . Hood embroidery and antependia date from this period . Żukowo is a historically important center of Kashubian embroidery. These elaborate handicrafts, in which flowers and plant motifs repeatedly appear, were still made here after the Second World War.
The former monastery buildings next to the church include a wagon shed, which currently houses a small parish museum with interesting and valuable objects and an exhibition of Kashubian embroidery. In the vicinity of the monastery there is a complex of mills on the Radunia, the history of which goes back to the 13th century. The mills were founded by Norbertinen from Żukowo. Over the centuries they have been rebuilt again and again. Today they exist in the form of the 19th and 20th centuries.
There was a church bell in Zuckow that was cast in 1797. On this was the following inscription: "ME FECIT ERICH LINDEMANN GEDANI, SANCTUS EST DOMINUS DEUS ZABAOT, SOLI DEO GLORIA, IN OMNEM TERRAM EXIVIT SONUS EORUM, PSALM 18. S. ECCLESIAE ZUKOVIENSIS".
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1772 | 306 | |
| 1820 | 398 | |
| 1831 | over 400 | |
| 1910 | 1,379 | including 316 Germans, two Poles and 1,037 Kashubians |
| 1943 | 2,160 | |
| 2012 | 6,493 | As of June 30, 2012 |
Gmina Żukowo
The urban-and-rural municipality Żukowo covers an area of nearly 164 square kilometers and has about 35,500 inhabitants.
literature
- August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, p. 391 .
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ a b c d Ernst Bahr: Zuckau . In: Handbook of historical sites , East and West Prussia , Kröner, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-520-31701-X , p. 247.
- ↑ A. Zbierski: Early Medieval amber craft in Gdańsk. In: Amber - views - opinions. Warsaw 2006 (first publication of the article 2003).
- ^ Willy Heidn: The localities of the district of Karthaus / Westpr. in the past . Herder Institute, 1965, p. 668.
- ^ August Eduard Preuss: Prussian country and folklore . Königsberg 1835, p. 391.
- ↑ http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/l_ludnosc_stan_struktura_30062012.pdf