To Our Lady of Sorrows (Engehöll)
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The Catholic Mater Dolorosa Church of Our Lady of Sorrows in Engehöll has been a branch church of the parish of Liebfrauen in the Rhineland-Palatinate town of Oberwesel on the Rhine from the very beginning . It was mentioned for the first time in 1656 in the visitation reports of the Liebfrauen Collegiate Foundation, which was abolished in 1802 .
history
location
The small church was built on an artificial plateau created by extensive blasting above the village and between today's Riesling Strasse (the L 220 and former Simmerner Strasse ) and the street Am Kapellenberg (K 91). The location is the end of a ridge that tapers towards the valley of the Oberbach.
Previous buildings
The original location of a smaller predecessor - who had replaced a wayside shrine - was the village road in the valley on the road branching off to Weiler-Boppard . From these beginnings, a small baroque chapel developed later (around 1700) (also mentioned in 1730 as the Holy House), which had apparently also received a bell cage, because the year 1720 was on a bell that has not been preserved. An attraction for many visitors was a venerated image of the Virgin Mary, which was considered a treasure of the interior. As the number of believers increased, the chapel soon no longer offered sufficient space and, moreover, became increasingly dilapidated. For the year 1732 five thalers were alloyed for maintenance purposes and for 1738 a register of the income of the chapels has survived. The Engehöller school chronicle of 1746 mentions a stained glass window in the chapel, in which the year 1740 was given. In addition to glass work, other restorations probably took place, because an inventory of the chapel made in 1768 mentioned two altars, but in 1857 it was also mentioned that the chapel was in good structural condition. According to this, conversions might have taken place, because in 1874/75 a new edition took place, as a result of which regular services took place. Almost 20 years later, the chapel was given a new paint job.
Building description
According to a situation plan (Hartmann 1871) of Communalstrasse from Oberwesel to Simmern, the chapel was a rectangular building with a retracted rectangular choir. Photos from around 1910 show a north-facing single-storey building with a hipped gable roof and an open bell cage. The entrance of the gable- facing building was on its south side.
Today's chapel
Between 1923 and 1925 the citizens of Engehöller built a new chapel made of unplastered, but jointed quarry stone masonry according to plans by the Oberwesel contractor Karl Hertzner . It was built in the style of neo-baroque and was, apart from a small axial deviation to the north, faces east built. The building was created as a rectangular hall church and received a recessed polygonal 3/6 choir closure. The narrow side in the west received a round arch entrance in the style of historicism , the deep, brick reveal of the building's enormous wall thickness. Unlike the brick arched portal is formed the jambs of windows made of cast concrete in neo-baroque style, which had curved up and down. The three large windows in the side walls of the nave and one on each side of the drawn-in apse were given this shape . Its back wall did not have a window and was plastered on the outside to erect a crucifix (neo-baroque, height 80 cm) for the local war memorial in honor of the fallen of the two world wars. The Engehöller carpenters erected a steep, slate-covered hip roof over the final wooden eaves of the building . It was flanked by two per tow dormers and two deeper scheduled curly dormers on the sloping roof of the west side. A high roof turret on the west side , also clad with local slate , has the floor plan of an octagon with the corresponding sound openings of the lantern with rounded corners. It ends with a curly hood , which has been provided with a wrought-iron weathercock .
- Dimensions
The small hall has a length of 9.9 m and a width of 5.9 m with a width of 6.3 m. A length of 5 m and a width of 4 m were specified for the retracted choir (no height information). The wall thickness is 75 cm.
- Bells
Today's steel bell is cast in the 1950s. It bears the inscription "FILIALE ENGRHÖLL" shaped in capitalis on the shoulder . It has a height (without crown ) of 25 cm and a diameter of 45.5 cm. Up until 1942 the bell cage might have had two bells, the older of which is said to have read the year 1720. The whereabouts of the bells confiscated during the war is unknown.
Interior and equipment
The interior is flooded with light through a total of eight windows. The room setting is characterized by smooth, except for the light gray tinted window frames and a blue-gray mirror ceiling, whitewashed plaster. The west side received via the input with a spring-loaded balustrade provided gallery , the center part in the manner of a risalit protrudes. The construction is carried towards the hall by two square square supports. Underneath, from the entrance, a tiled central aisle that leads to the steps of the raised choir niche opens up, formed by the flanking, slightly raised stalls on wooden floorboards. This ends the hall building with a drawn-in ⅝ (polygonal) choir closure with a small barrel vault . Next to the altar, which is set up here on the windowless rear wall of the choir, a door leads to the small sacristy of the chapel.
Individual objects (selection)
The secluded chapel in the Engehölltal contains valuable pieces of sacred art from the modern era as well as those from the Middle Ages .
- The altarpiece from the beginning of the 18th century corresponds to the 17th century type and was already in the old chapel. Its origin, however, is said to have been the chapel of the All Saints monastery in the Niederbachtal Oberwesel, which was abolished by the French. In addition to the depicted figures of saints from the 19th century - on the right the sculpture of St. Antonius (wood, colored, height 72 cm) and on the left that of St. Josephus (wood, colored, height 74 cm) one of its outstanding details is a Vesper picture , that according to DEHIO in the 16./17. Century. Another detail is a crowning crucifix, a three-nail type from the first quarter of the 15th century (DEHIO, wood, height approx. 100 cm), which forms the end of the altar above the Veronica's handkerchief. The altar is made of glazed wood, parts of which are gilded. It has a height of 2.8 m and a width of 1.98 m.
- Probably the oldest part of the church treasury is the sculpture of the "Enthroned Mother of God" (wooden figure, hollowed out on the back, height of 134 cm), it was dated to the middle of the 14th century (DEHIO). The crown and right little finger were made and replaced during a restoration in 1960. In the course of this work - carried out by the Cologne restorer Grete Brabender (1896–1995) - the original version was uncovered again.
Entrance photo (under the gallery)
Choir and altar
Mother of God enthroned 14th century
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World Heritage cultural landscape of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley
The chapel has been part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002 , and is also a protected cultural asset under the Hague Convention .
literature
- Ferdinand Pauly in: Germania Sacra , The Dioceses of the Church Province of Trier. The Archdiocese of Trier 2. The monasteries St. Severus in Boppard, St. Goar in St. Goar, Liebfrauen in Oberwesel, St. Martin in Oberwesel . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin - New York 1980
- Eduard Sebald and co-authors: The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate, volume 9. The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district, part 2. Former district of St. Goar, here: City of Oberwesel in volumes I and II, State Office for Monument Preservation Rhineland-Palatinate (Ed.) Deutscher Kunstverlag 1977. ISBN 3-422-00576-5
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Eduard Sebald and co-authors: The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate, Volume 9. The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district, part 2. Former district of St. Goar, here: City of Oberwesel in volume 1, p. 1068 ff
- ^ Ferdinand Pauly in: Germania Sacra, The Dioceses of the Church Province Trier. The Archdiocese of Trier 2. The monasteries St. Severus in Boppard, St. Goar in St. Goar, Liebfrauen in Oberwesel, St. Martin in Oberwesel , here: Pastoral care in the rural districts of the parish, S 307 f
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 5 ′ 42.5 ″ N , 7 ° 42 ′ 39.5 ″ E