Candar dynasty and User:Londo06: Difference between pages

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Difference between pages)
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Austriacus (talk | contribs)
4,217 edits
 
Londo06 (talk | contribs)
26,697 edits
mNo edit summary
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{User:Londo06/Template:Navigation banner}}
{{Infobox Former Country
{{Userboxtop|Londo06|right}}
|conventional_long_name = Candaroğlu
<tr><td>{{User contrib|23175}}
|common_name = Candaroğlu
<tr><td>{{User articles created|748}}
|continent = moved from Category:Asia to the Middle East
{{user toomanyedits}}
|region = the Middle East
{{User Adminnobox}}
|era = Late Medieval
{{User:Tkgd2007/Userboxes/My time|+1}}
|government_type = Monarchy
<tr><td>{{User Wikipedian For|year=2006|month=12|day=03}}
|year_start = 1292
<tr><td>{{userbox|#33CCCC|#33DDDD|RL|This user loves Rugby League}}
|year_end = 1461
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Rugby League Player}}
|p1 = Seljuq Turks
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Rugby Union Player}}
|s1 = Ottoman Empire
{{User:UBX/Footballer}}
|flag_s1 = Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1453-1844).svg
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Cricketer}}
|image_flag = Candar.png
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Great Britain RL}}
|image_map =
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/England RL}}
|image_map_caption =
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Harlequins RL}}
|capital = [[Kastamonu]]
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/London Broncos}}
|common_languages = [[Turkish language|Turkish]]
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/ESL}}
|religion = Muslim
<tr><td>{{User:Christian Sandbrook/Userboxes/QLD State of Origin}}
|leader1 = Temür Yaman Candar
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/NRL}}
|leader2 = Ahmed the Red
{{User follows team|<br />[[St Helens RFC|St Helens]]}}
|year_leader1 = 1292 – ?
<tr><td>{{User WikiProject Rugby league}}
|year_leader2 = 1461
<tr><td>{{User:Djr_xi/User england rugby}}
|title_leader = Bey
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Harlequins}}
}}
{{User:Phunting/Userboxes/Rugby}}
<tr><td>{{User WikiProject Rugby union}}
<tr><td>{{User:Djr_xi/User 3lions}}
<tr><td>{{User Liverpool FC}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Football/Liverpool task force/Userbox}}
{{User WikiProject Football}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/English Cricket Team}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Support 2020}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Weight Training}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/ski}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Swimmer}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/cyclist}}
{{User:Gamgee/Userboxes II/User sailing}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Pilot-2}}
<tr><td>{{User Flux capacitor}}
<tr><td>{{User:Scepia/rock music}}
<tr><td>{{User published author}}
<tr><td>{{Template:User Cold War}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/World War II}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/British Empire}}
<tr><td>{{user English Civil War}}
<tr><td>{{user U.S. history}}
<tr><td>{{User Napoleonic era interested}}
<tr><td>{{User Trekkie}}
{{User:UBX/Star Trek series|TNG}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/24.1}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/CSI series|Miami}}
<tr><td>{{User:EVula/Userboxes/Firefly fan}}
<tr><td>{{User:EVula/Userboxes/X-Files}}
<tr><td>{{User:BlueSquadronRaven/Userboxes/BSG}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Doctor Who}}
<tr><td>{{Template:Stargate}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/office us uk}}
<tr><td>{{User:EVula/Userboxes/Colbert on notice}}
<tr><td>{{User:EVula/Userboxes/Daily Show}}
<tr><td>{{User:Mtmelendez/Userboxes/Apocalypse Now}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/Clerks}}
<tr><td>{{User:Mtmelendez/Userboxes/Bourne Supremacy}}
<tr><td>{{User:Doublediapason/userboxes/drs1}}
<tr><td>{{User:Doublediapason/userboxes/fmj1}}
<tr><td>{{User:Mtmelendez/Userboxes/Goldfinger}}
<tr><td>{{user history}}
<tr><td>{{User:UBX/militaryac}}
<tr><td>{{user degree/BA}}
<tr><td>{{userbox|green|gold|[[Image:Mortarboard.jpg|40px]]| This user graduated from '''[[Portsmouth University]]'''.}}
<tr><td>{{user degree/MA subject|History}}
<tr><td>{{user dur}}
<tr><td>{{User:Sushant/Userboxes/User Space Sciences}}
<tr><td>{{User England}}
<tr><td>{{User Surrey}}
<tr><td>{{user British}}
{{User English}}
<tr><td>{{User WPLondon}}
{{User:DieWeisseRose/Userboxes/PalReturn}}
{{Template:User Wikiprojectinfoboxes}}
{{user incl}}
{{user anti-anon}}
{{User Wikipediholic|8061|207545457}}
</tr>
===='''Stadiums I have been to'''====
</table>
<gallery perrow="5">
Image:Wembley enggermatch.jpg|[[Wembley Stadium]]
Image:Twickenham stand.jpg|[[Twickenham Stadium]]
Image:HarlequinsRL vs St Helens 11-2-06.jpg|[[Twickenham Stoop]]
Image:SP A0355.jpg|[[JJB Stadium]]
Image:Loftus Road.jpg|[[Loftus Road]]
Image:Inside the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff.jpg|[[Millennium Stadium]]
Image:Old Trafford inside 20060726 1.jpg|[[Old Trafford]]
Image:76693565 b44605f726 2.jpg|[[Anfield]]
Image:West_Ham_match_Boleyn_Ground_2006.jpg|[[Boleyn Ground|Upton Park]]
Image:Stamford Bridge.jpg|[[Stamford Bridge (stadium)|Stamford Bridge]]
Image:Villaparkfromtopofholte.jpg|[[Villa Park]]
Image:The Oval Pavilion.JPG|[[The Oval]]
Image:Lords test match.jpg|[[Lord's Cricket Ground|Lord's]]
Image:Fratton Park, Sep 2006.jpg|[[Fratton Park]]
Image:Stadium of light Haway the lads.jpg|[[Stadium of Light]]
Image:SJP sw corner.jpg|[[St James' Park]]
Image:Fulham v Pompey (1).JPG|[[Craven Cottage]]
Image:Goodisonview1.JPG|[[Goodison Park]]
Image:Madejski.jpg|[[Madejski Stadium]]
Image:With gates.jpg|[[Riverside Stadium]]
Image:Kingsmeadow gate.JPG|[[Kingsmeadow]]
Image:The Valley Charlton North Stand.jpg|[[The Valley (stadium)|The Valley]]
Image:Brentford August 07.jpg|[[Griffin Park]]
</gallery>
{| style="border: 1px solid {{{border|gray}}}; background-color: {{{color|#fdffe7}}};"
|rowspan="2" valign="middle" | [[Image:Original_Barnstar.png|100px]]
|rowspan="2" |
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;" | '''The Original Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid gray;" | Awarded for numerous articles and edits on the subject of [[Rugby League]]. I've a number of Rugby League Articles in my watchlist and you have played a large part in either creating or editing them. Thank You. [[User:Rehnn83|Rehnn83]] <sup>[[User Talk:Rehnn83|Talk]]</sup> 14:20, 30 May 2007 (UTC)
|}
{| style="border: 1px solid {{{border|gray}}}; background-color: {{{color|#fdffe7}}};"
|rowspan="2" valign="middle" | [[Image:Original_Barnstar.png|100px]]
|rowspan="2" |
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;" | '''The Original Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid gray;" | I award the Original Barnstar to [[User:Londo06|Londo06]] due to his ongoing contributions to rugby league related articles. Especially little nibbling things such as measurement conversions. Good work and keep it up! <span style="background-color: maroon; color: white"><small>'''[[User:SpecialWindler|<font color="yellow">SpecialWindler</font>]]''' '''[[User talk:SpecialWindler|<font color="white">talk</font>]]'''</small></span> 10:16, 27 July 2007 (UTC)
|}
{| style="border: 1px solid gray; background-color: #fdffe7;"
|rowspan="2" valign="middle" | [[Image:Tireless_Contributor_Barnstar.gif|100px]]
|rowspan="2" |
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;" | '''The Tireless Contributor Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid gray;" | Just looking through the sheer volume of rugby league articles that you have started and thought you deserved this. <span style="border:1px solid gold;padding:1px;">[[User:Alexsanderson83|<font style="color:yellow;background:maroon;">'''Alexsanderson'''</font>]][[User talk:Alexsanderson83|<font style="color:maroon;background:yellow;">'''83'''</font>]]</span> 19:58, 5 June 2008 (UTC)
|}
{| style="border: 2px solid gray; background-color: #fdffe7;"
|rowspan="2" valign="top" | [[Image:Invisible Barnstar.png|100px]]
|rowspan="2" |
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: bottom; height: 1.1em; color: black" | '''The Invisible Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid gray; color: black" | Found a shed load of rugby union articles that you have created. <span style="border:1px solid gold;padding:1px;">[[User:Alexsanderson83|<font style="color:yellow;background:maroon;">'''Alexsanderson'''</font>]][[User talk:Alexsanderson83|<font style="color:maroon;background:yellow;">'''83'''</font>]]</span> 20:01, 6 June 2008 (UTC)
|}


<table style="float: left; background: none;">
'''Candaroğlu Beylik''' (sometimes referred to as '''Candar, Candaroğulları''' or ''' İsfendiyaroğulları''' in [[Turkish language|Turkish]]) is an [[Anatolian Turkish Beylik]] that ruled principally in the regions corresponding to present-day [[Kastamonu Province|Kastamonu]] and [[Sinop Province|Sinop]] provinces of [[Turkey]], also covering parts of [[Zonguldak]], [[Samsun]] and [[Çankırı Province|Çankırı]] provinces, between [[1292]] - [[1461]], in the [[Black Sea]] region of modern day [[Turkey]]. The region is also known in western Literature as [[Paphlagonia]], a name used for the same geographic area during the Roman period.
<tr><td>
<table style="float: left; margin-bottom: 0.5em; border: #23238E solid 1px; -moz-border-radius: 10px; background: #000000; width: 550px;">
<tr><td><h3 style="-moz-border-radius-topright: 10px; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 10px; background: #87CEFA; text-align: center; padding: 3px;"><font face="trebuchet ms" color="#ffffff">''To-do List''</font></h3></td></tr><tr><td><div style="padding: 3px; text-align: center;">
{| align="center" style="border: 1px solid #3D9140; -moz-border-radius-topleft: 10px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 10px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 10px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 10px; padding: 5px"
{{todo}}
</div></tr></td></table>
</td></tr>
</table>
</td>


[[Category:History user templates]]
The founder of the [[beylik]] is Temür Yaman Candar (also known as Demir Yaman Candar); the beylik collapsed in 1461 when the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] sultan [[Mehmed II]], whose mother is supposedly linked to the Candaroğlu dynasty, annexed the region.
[[Category:English Wikipedians]]

[[Category:Wikipedians in Surrey]]
The flag of Candar may confuse many with what is now known as the [[Star of David]]. In medieval times however, this was not solely a Jewish symbol, but also an Islamic one known as the "[[Seal of Solomon]]" and was extremely popular amongst the [[Turkic peoples|Turkish]] [[Beyliks]] of [[Anatolia]]. Another state known to use the seal on their flag was the [[Beylik]] of [[Karamanid|Karaman]].

Following the incorporation of the principality in the [[Ottoman Empire]], the ruling dynasty has been offered various important functions within the Ottoman administration, which they maintained until its collapse in 1922. [[Ayşe Sultan]], who was the last identified descendent of the Candaroğlu dynasty having benefited from the status offered by the Ottoman Empire to the dynasty, died 1981 in [[Ankara]].

==History==
The [[Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm|Seljuk Sultan]] [[Mesud II|Masud II]] gave [[Kastamonu Province|Kastamonu]] to Temür Yaman Candar, a commander from the sultan's [[candar corps]], in
thanks for rescuing him from [[Mongol Empire|Mongol]] captivity. This province, however, was already under the control of the [[Çobanoğlu|Çobanoğulları]]. Following Temür's death, his son Süleyman I conquered the province and annexed [[Safranbolu]] and [[Sinop]], formerly ruled by the descendants of [[Pervâne|Mu‘in al-Din Suleyman]]. Süleyman then appointed his son İbrahim I as governor to Sinop and a second son Ali to [[Safranbolu]]. Süleyman reigned under the authority of the [[Ilkhanate]], the Mongols of Persia, until the death of the ruler [[Abu Sa'id (Ilkhanid dynasty)|Abu Sa'id]].

Following the death of Süleyman I, his sons Ibrahim I and Ali fought for the throne. In [[1339]] Ibrahim was victorious and took over the rule of Kastamonu. Upon his death, his cousin Adil replaced him ([[1346]] - [[1361]]). When Adil died, his son Kötürüm Bayezid became bey. Bayezid fought twice with [[Kadi Burhan al-Din]], the ruler of the [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] region, and in [[1383]] lost Kastamonu to one of his own sons, Süleyman II, who received military support from the Ottoman sultan [[Murad I]]. Bayezid left for Sinop, and thus the Candaroğlu Beylik was divided. After Bayezid's death in [[1385]], his son İsfendiyar succeeded him.

Based in [[Kastamonu]], Süleyman II remained faithful to Murad I, his supporter in his revolt against his father, and participated in Ottoman campaigns in Europe in [[1386]] and [[1389]]. Murad's successor, the aggressive [[Beyazid I]] launched an assault in [[1391]] on Kastamonu as part of an effort to control the Anatolian beyliks.<ref>Elizabeth A. Zachariadou, “Manuel II Palaeologos on the Strife between Bāyezīd and Kādī Burhān Al-Dīn Ahmad” ''Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London'', Vol. 43, No. 3. (1980), pp. 473.</ref> Süleyman II was killed and Candaroğlu rule in Kastamonu ended.

Meanwhile, fearing conflict with the powerful Ottomans, İsfendiyar requested immunity from Beyazid in return for being subject to Ottoman reign. Beyazid granted İsfendiyar an autonomy. Following the sultan's defeat by the Mongols in [[1402]], İsfendiyar recognized the authority of the Mongol khan [[Timur]], who confirmed him in the traditional Candaroğlu lands of [[Kastamonu]], [[Kalecik]], [[Tosya]], and [[Çankırı]].

After Timur left Anatolia, during the [[Ottoman Interregnum]], İsfendiyar stood close to all the four sons of Beyazid avoiding any conflict. When one of his sons, Kasım claimed control over Çankırı and Tosya, and declared the annexation of these areas to the Ottoman empire, the Candaroğlu dominion was divided once more. But İsfendiyar revolted against the new sultan [[Murad II]], only to be defeated, and retreated to Sinop ([[1423]]). İsfendiyar died in 1439, to be succeeded by his son İbrahim II, who upon his death was replaced by İsmail in 1443.

After his conquest of [[Constantinople]] in [[1453]], the Ottoman sultan [[Mehmed II]] turned to Anatolia to unite the Anatolian beyliks/principalities under his rule. In [[1461]], joining forces with İsmail's brother Ahmed (the Red), he captured Sinop and ended the official reign of the Candaroğlu dynasty, although he appointed Ahmed as the governor of Kastamonu and Sinop, only to revoke Ahmed's appointment the same year. Various other members of the Candaroglu dynasty were offered important functions throughout the history of the Ottoman Empire, until its collapse during the First World War. Descendents of the Candaroglu dynasty live today as Citizens of the Turkish Republic mostly in Istanbul and in Europe, using various family names.
Ayshe Sultan, who was the last identified descendent of the Candaroglu dynasty having benefited from the status offered by the Ottoman Empire to the dynasty, died 1981 in Ankara.

==Culture and economy==
The Candaroğlu beylik was located at a very important region in the northeast of [[Anatolia]]. They were quite significant in their area with their high population (420,000 in 1332) and political influence, existing along other [[beylik]]s and states in their era. Having reigned for about 170 years, Candaroğlu were quite advanced in [[Islamic architecture|architecture]], cultural and social life and welfare. Also, many books in [[Turkish language|Turkish]] were written during their reign by court scientists and writers, including poems, books on [[medicine]], [[chemistry]], [[social sciences]], and translations from Arabic and Persian. <br>
Many architectural structures have remained from the Candaroğlu era in the region, including [[hammam]]s, [[caravanserai]]s, numerous [[mosque]]s, [[inn]]s, religious schools ([[madrassa]]s) and libraries.

The [[14th century]] Persian [[geographer]] al-Omari notes that the seat of the beylik, [[Kastamonu]] was one of the most prominent provinces in that region, as well as [[Sinop]] being one of the most important [[port]]s in the [[Black Sea]], maintaining a crucial trade route between other ports, the [[Republic of Genoa|Genoese]] who owned a warehouse at the port, and the inner provinces. The nearby province [[Sivas Province|Sivas]] was then inhabited by many Genoese merchants, transporting the goods that would arrive from the east and the south to their ports in [[Trabzon]], [[Samsun]] and Sinop. [[Venice|Venetian]] archives mention that Candaroğlu had close financial and trade relations with the city states of Venice and Genoa. Kastamonu was also rich in natural resources such as [[iron]] ore and [[copper]], which were important industrial raw materials then too.

In their trade with the Genoese, Candaroğlu used copper coins they minted that had two fish, and the inscription ''Dârü's-saâde-i Sinop'' (the palace of Sinop) engraved on them.

==Military==
Candaroğlu beylik had a [[Cavalry#Light cavalry--heavy cavalry|light cavalry]] corps of 25,000. This vast military power had often contributed to the Ottoman campaigns in [[Roumelia]] as well as in Anatolia, including the [[Fall of Constantinople|siege of Constantinople]]. Being neighbors with the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]], Candaroğlu aided to campaigns and raids here while preventing them to proceed further towards other beyliks.

Candaroğlu also possessed a [[shipyard]] in [[Sinop]] that equipped them with a strong [[Navy|naval force]]. The size of this force is unknown, however, it is known that this force was used in an attack to the Genoese outpost Kefe ([[Theodosia]] today, in [[Crimea]], Ukraine).

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20070409111327/http://dallog.com/beylikler/candaroglu.htm http://www.dallog.com/beylikler/candaroglu.htm] (wayback archive) {{tr}}
* [http://www.ditib.de/selcuklu/candarogullaribey.htm from the Islam Encyclopedia] (in Turkish)

{{History of Turkey}}
{{Seljuk Sultanate of Rum and Turkish Beyliks}}

[[Category:Historical Turkic states]]
[[Category:History of the Turkish people]]
[[Category:History of the Turkic people]]
[[Category:Seljuk Sultanate of Rum and Turkish beyliks]]
[[Category:Kastamonu]]
[[Category:Sinop]]
[[Category:1461 disestablishments]]
[[Category:Muslim dynasties]]
[[Category:Former countries in the Middle East]]

[[es:Candaroglu]]
[[ja:チャンダルル家]]
[[tr:Candaroğulları Beyliği]]
[[zh:桑達爾王朝]]

Revision as of 15:10, 11 October 2008

PROFILE  ·   DISCUSSION  ·   RECENT EDITS  ·   RL ARTICLES CREATED  ·   RL ARTICLES 2  ·   RL ARTICLES 3  ·   RL ARTICLES 4  ·   RU ARTICLES CREATED  ·   RU ARTICLES 2  ·   TEMPLATES CREATED  ·  

Stadiums I have been to

The Original Barnstar
Awarded for numerous articles and edits on the subject of Rugby League. I've a number of Rugby League Articles in my watchlist and you have played a large part in either creating or editing them. Thank You. Rehnn83 Talk 14:20, 30 May 2007 (UTC)
The Original Barnstar
I award the Original Barnstar to Londo06 due to his ongoing contributions to rugby league related articles. Especially little nibbling things such as measurement conversions. Good work and keep it up! SpecialWindler talk 10:16, 27 July 2007 (UTC)
The Tireless Contributor Barnstar
Just looking through the sheer volume of rugby league articles that you have started and thought you deserved this. Alexsanderson83 19:58, 5 June 2008 (UTC)
The Invisible Barnstar
Found a shed load of rugby union articles that you have created. Alexsanderson83 20:01, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

To-do List

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Candar_dynasty&oldid=244579391"