Żarki Wielkie

Żarki Wielkie
	Żarki Wielkie
	Żarki Wielkie
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Lebus
Powiat :	Żary
Gmina :	Trzebiel
Geographic location :	51 ° 36 ' N , 14 ° 45' E Coordinates: 51 ° 35 '30 " N , 14 ° 45' 30" E
Residents :	524 (March 31, 2011)
Telephone code :	(+48) 68
License plate :	FZA
Economy and Transport
Street :	Droga krajowa 12
Rail route :	Łęknica – Lubsko
Next international airport :	Poznań
	Dresden
	; ;

Żarki Wielkie ( German Groß Särchen , Sorbian Zdźary ) is a church village in the Polish municipality of Trzebiel ( Powiat Żarski ) in the Lebus Voivodeship and is located in what is now the Polish part of Niederlausitz .

geography

Aerial view, in the foreground the Neisse and the ruins of the former cardboard mills AG

Żarki Wielkie is located five kilometers northeast of Bad Muskau on the Lusatian Neisse, opposite Pusack (municipality of Neisse-Malxetal ). Between żarki wielkie and the southeastern neighboring Żarki Małe (Klein Särchen) extending national road 12 of Łęknica (Lugknitz) over Trzebiel (Triebel) in the direction of the district center Żary (Sorau) .

history

The Germanized name Särchen and the Polonized name Żarki go back to the Old Sorbian word žarŭ (fire) , which indicates a slash and burn to settle. The addition of the name Groß or Wielkie serves to distinguish it from Żarki Małe (Little Särchen) .

Detail from Schreiber's map (1745). The territory of the Muskau district is marked in yellow.

Groß Särchen probably originally belonged to the Triebel rule. Sar Castle, which was split off from it, belonged to Wichmann von Kamenz around 1400. He was followed by the Lords of Biberstein auf Sorau, who pledged the castle and the two villages of Groß- and Klein-Särchen as well as the village of Tschöpeln for 300 shock groschen.

Groß Särchen fell from the Sorau rule in 1552 to the Principality of Sagan , but became the property of the neighboring Muskau rule , which was also owned by Biberstein until 1551. In a sales document issued by the Muskau rule in 1597, “the village of Groß Serichen, the fishing industry in the Lachen and other affiliations” is listed as part of this rule. As early as 1600, large and small Särchen were sold to the von der Heide brothers. A share of Groß Särchen seems to have been exchanged for Neudorf at Pechern in 1602 . In Johann George Schreiber's map of the rulership of Muskau and the Priebussischer Kreis (1745), the parish village of Groß Särchen is again under the rule of Triebel.

Gustav Theodor Fechner's birthplace

Ulica Kościelna and Church

Due to the Prussian administrative reform, Groß Särchen was assigned to the Brandenburg district of Sorau in 1818 , with Klein Särchen forming its southern end.

Until the 19th century, Groß Särchen was one of the last places on the east bank of the Neisse where Sorbian was spoken. By the end of the century, however, the language change to German was almost complete here too.

The construction of the Muskau – Teuplitz railway connected Groß Särchen to the railway network with a station in 1898, which favored further local development. The number of inhabitants rose from 919 in 1910 to 1171 in 1939 , not least due to the constant expansion of the Groß Särchen cardboard paper mill .

The Neißebrücke between Groß Särchen and Pusack was blown up by the Wehrmacht towards the end of the Second World War . After Stalin was able to push Poland through to the west and the German-Polish border has since run along the Oder-Neisse line , Groß Sarchen became a Polish border town and the bridge was never rebuilt. The new name Żarki Wielkie is based on the Slavic origin of the Germanized name. The village was incorporated into the municipality of Niwica (Zibelle) and came to the municipality of Trzebiel in 1976 after the same was dissolved .

Since 1966, a hydroelectric power plant has been operated on a Neissen canal with an installed capacity of 620 kW and an average of 2400 MWh per year.

The Catholic parish was looked after by the pastors of Tuplice and Niwica after the Second World War and only received its own vicar in 1971. The church is subordinate to the deanery Łęknica and the diocese of Zielonogórsko-Gorzowska .

Sons and daughters of the place

Eduard Clemens Fechner (1799–1861), painter and graphic artist
Gustav Theodor Fechner (1801–1887), psychologist, physicist and natural philosopher (the house where he was born bears a plaque)

Web links

Commons : Żarki Wielkie - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Footnotes

^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on May 28, 2017
^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place and field names of Upper Lusatia . Central antiquariat of the German Democratic Republic, Leipzig 1982, p. 98 f . (Photomechanical reprint of the original edition (1891–1899)).
^ Elektrownia Wodna Żarki Wielkie. Archived from the original on August 22, 2014 ; Retrieved September 22, 2010 (Polish).
^ Diecezja Zielonogórsko-Gorzowska: Żarki Wielkie - Parafia pw.Matki Bożej Różańcowej. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved September 22, 2010 (Polish).

[1] CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on May 28, 2017

[Kühnel-2] Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place and field names of Upper Lusatia . Central antiquariat of the German Democratic Republic, Leipzig 1982, p. 98 f . (Photomechanical reprint of the original edition (1891–1899)).

[3] Elektrownia Wodna Żarki Wielkie. Archived from the original on August 22, 2014 ; Retrieved September 22, 2010 (Polish).

[4] Diecezja Zielonogórsko-Gorzowska: Żarki Wielkie - Parafia pw.Matki Bożej Różańcowej. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved September 22, 2010 (Polish).